Most digital products today emerge from the development process like a monster emerging from a bubbling tank. Developers, instead of planning and executing with their users in mind, end up creating technological solutions over which they ultimately have little control. Like mad scientists, they fail because they have not imbued their creations with humanity.
-- Alan Cooper, About Face 2.0, p. 5.
Read the fascinating history of Wearable Computing, told by its father, Steve Mann
Read Steve's chapter !
The Social Design of Technical Systems: Building technologies for communities
The Encyclopedia of Human-Computer Interaction, 2nd Ed.
The following articles are from "4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002":
Roy, Deb (2002): Towards Visually-Grounded Spoken Language Acquisition. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 105-110. Available online
Elting, Christian and Möhler, Gregor (2002): Modeling Output in the EMBASSI Multimodal Dialog System. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 111-116. Available online
Ibrahim, Aseel and Johansson, Pontus (2002): Multimodal Dialogue Systems for Interactive TVApplications. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 117-122. Available online
Sidner, Candace L. and Dzikovska, Myroslava (2002): Human - Robot Interaction: Engagement between Humans and Robots for Hosting Activities. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 123-128. Available online
Mostow, Jack, Beck, Joseph E., Chalasani, Raghu, Cuneo, Andrew and Jia, Peng (2002): Viewing and Analyzing Multimodal Human-computer Tutorial Dialogue: A Database Approach. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 129-134. Available online
Dusan, Sorin and Flanagan, James (2002): Adaptive Dialog Based upon Multimodal Language Acquisition. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 135-140. Available online
Holzapfel, Hartwig, Fügen, Christian, Denecke, Matthias and Waibel, Alex (2002): Integrating Emotional Cues into a Framework for Dialogue Management. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 141-148. Available online
Li, Haifeng, Artičres, Thierry and Gallinari, Patrick (2002): Data Driven Design of an ANN/HMM System for On-line Unconstrained Handwritten Character Recognition. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 149-154. Available online
Maynes-Aminzade, Dan, Pausch, Randy and Seitz, Steven M. (2002): Techniques for Interactive Audience Participation. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 15-20. Available online
0004, Lei Chen, Harper, Mary P. and Quek, Francis K. H. (2002): Gesture Patterns during Speech Repairs. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 155-160. Available online
Kettebekov, Sanshzar, Yeasin, Mohammed and Sharma, Rajeev (2002): Prosody Based Co-analysis for Continuous Recognition of Coverbal Gestures. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 161-166. Available online
Martínez, Aleix M., Wilbur, Ronnie B., Shay, Robin and Kak, Avinash C. (2002): Purdue RVL-SLLL ASL Database for Automatic Recognition of American Sign Language. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 167-172. Available online
Landragin, Frédéric (2002): The Role of Gesture in Multimodal Referring Actions. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 173-178. Available online
Xiong, Yingen, Quek, Francis K. H. and McNeill, David (2002): Hand Gesture Symmetric Behavior Detection and Analysis in Natural Conversation. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 179-184. Available online
Hernandez-Rebollar, Jose L., Lindeman, Robert W. and Kyriakopoulos, Nicholas (2002): A Multi-Class Pattern Recognition System for Practical Finger Spelling Translation. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 185-190. Available online
Corradini, Andrea, Wesson, Richard M. and Cohen, Philip R. (2002): A Map-Based System Using Speech and 3D Gestures for Pervasive Computing. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 191-196. Available online
Lin, Edward, Cassidy, Andy, Hook, Dan, Baliga, Avinash and Chen, Tsuhan (2002): Hand Tracking Using Spatial Gesture Modeling and Visual Feedback for a Virtual DJ System. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 197-202. Available online
Li, Haifeng, Artičres, Thierry and Gallinari, Patrick (2002): State Sharing in a Hybrid Neuro-Markovian On-Line Handwriting Recognition System through a Simple Hierarchical Clustering Algorithm. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 203-210. Available online
Barthelmess, Paulo and Ellis, Clarence A. (2002): Perceptual Collaboration in Neem. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 21-26. Available online
Isotani, Ryosuke, Yamabana, Kiyoshi, Ando, Shinichi, Hanazawa, Ken, Ishikawa, Shin-ya, Emori, Tadashi, Iso, Ken-ichi, Hattori, Hiroaki, Okumura, Akitoshi and Watanabe, Takao (2002): An Automatic Speech Translation System on PDAs for Travel Conversation. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 211-216. Available online
Zhang, Jing, Chen, Xilin, Yang, Jie and Waibel, Alex (2002): A PDA-Based Sign Translator. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 217-222. Available online
Taddei, Loredana, Costantini, Erica and Lavie, Alon (2002): The NESPOLE! Multimodal Interface for Cross-lingual Communication - Experience and Lessons Learned. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 223-228. Available online
Zheng, Dequan, Hu, Yi, Zhao, Tiejun, Yu, Hao and Li, Sheng (2002): Research of Machine Learning Method for Specific Information Recognition on the Internet. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 229-234. Available online
Costantini, Erica, Pianesi, Fabio and Burger, Susanne (2002): The Added Value of Multimodality in the NESPOLE! Speech-to-Speech Translation System: an Experimental Study. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 235-240. Available online
Morishima, Shigeo and Nakamura, Satoshi (2002): Multi-Modal Translation System and Its Evaluation. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 241-246. Available online
Wang, Zhirong, Topkara, Umut, Schultz, Tanja and Waibel, Alex (2002): Towards Universal Speech Recognition. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 247-252. Available online
Huang, Fei and Vogel, Stephan (2002): Improved Named Entity Translation and Bilingual Named Entity Extraction. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 253-260. Available online
Atienza, Rowel and Zelinsky, Alexander (2002): Active Gaze Tracking for Human-Robot Interaction. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 261-266. Available online
Demirdjian, David and Darrell, Trevor (2002): 3-D Articulated Pose Tracking for Untethered Diectic Reference. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 267-272. Available online
Polat, Ediz, Yeasin, Mohammed and Sharma, Rajeev (2002): A Tracking Framework for Collaborative Human Computer Interaction. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 27-32. Available online
Stiefelhagen, Rainer (2002): Tracking Focus of Attention in Meetings. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 273-280. Available online
Wang, Qiang, Ai, Haizhou and Xu, Guangyou (2002): A Probabilistic Dynamic Contour Model for Accurate and Robust Lip Tracking. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 281-286. Available online
Yu, Chen, Ballard, Dana H. and Zhu, Shenghuo (2002): Attentional Object Spotting by Integrating Multimodal Input. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 287-292. Available online
Wu, Zhilin, Aleksic, Petar S. and Katsaggelos, Aggelos K. (2002): Lip Tracking for MPEG-4 Facial Animation. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 293-298. Available online
Kim, Taeyoon, Kang, Yongsung and Ko, Hanseok (2002): Achieving Real-Time Lip Synch via SVM-Based Phoneme Classification and Lip Shape Refinement. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 299-304. Available online
Oliver, Nuria, Horvitz, Eric and Garg, Ashutosh (2002): Layered Representations for Human Activity Recognition. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 3-8. Available online
Nakamura, Satoshi, Kumatani, Ken'ichi and Tamura, Satoshi (2002): Multi-Modal Temporal Asynchronicity Modeling by Product HMMs for Robust. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 305-312. Available online
Zudilova, Elena V., Sloot, Peter M. A. and Belleman, Robert G. (2002): A Multi-Modal Interface for an Interactive Simulated Vascular Reconstruction System. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 313-318. Available online
Petrie, Helen, Fisher, Wendy, Langer, Ine, Weber, Gerhard, Gladstone, Keith, Rundle, Cathy and Pyfers, Liesbeth (2002): Universal Interfaces to Multimedia Documents. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 319-324. Available online
Zandifar, Ali, Duraiswami, Ramani, Chahine, Antoine and Davis, Larry S. (2002): A Video Based Interface to Textual Information for the Visually Impaired. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 325-330. Available online
Fontana, Federico, Rocchesso, Davide and Ottaviani, Laura (2002): A Structural Approach to Distance Rendering in Personal Auditory Displays. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 33-38. Available online
Arangarasan, Rajarathinam and Jr., George N. Phillips (2002): Modular Approach of Multimodal Integration in a Virtual Environment. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 331-336. Available online
Niklfeld, Georg, Pucher, Michael, Finan, Robert and Eckhart, Wolfgang (2002): Mobile Multi-Modal Data Services for GPRS Phones and Beyond. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 337-342. Available online
Myers, Brad A., Malkin, Robert, Bett, Michael, Waibel, Alex, Bostwick, Ben, Miller, Robert C., Yang, Jie, Denecke, Matthias, Seemann, Edgar, Zhu, Jie, Peck, Choon Hong, Kong, Dave, Nichols, Jeffrey and Scherlis, William L. (2002): Flexi-Modal and Multi-Machine User Interfaces. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 343-348. Available online
Krahnstoever, Nils, Kettebekov, Sanshzar, Yeasin, Mohammed and Sharma, Rajeev (2002): A Real-Time Framework for Natural Multimodal Interaction with Large Screen Displays. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 349-354. Available online
Sinha, Anoop K. and Landay, James A. (2002): Embarking on Multimodal Interface Design. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 355-360. Available online
Larsen, Lars Bo, Jensen, Morten Damm and Vodzi, Wisdom Kobby (2002): Multi Modal User Interaction in an Automatic Pool Trainer. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 361-366. Available online
Siewiorek, Daniel P., Smailagic, Asim and Hornyak, Matthew (2002): Multimodal Contextual Car-Driver Interface. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 367-376. Available online
Nichols, Jeffrey, Myers, Brad A., Harris, Thomas K., Rosenfeld, Roni, Shriver, Stefanie, Higgins, Michael and Hughes, Joseph (2002): Requirements for Automatically Generating Multi-Modal Interfaces for Complex Appliances. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 377-382. Available online
Ning, Huazhong, Wang, Liang, Hu, Weiming and Tan, Tieniu (2002): Articulated Model Based People Tracking Using Motion Models. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 383-388. Available online
Wilson, Kevin, Rangarajan, Vibhav, Checka, Neal and Darrell, Trevor (2002): Audiovisual Arrays for Untethered Spoken Interfaces. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 389-394. Available online
Fusiello, Andrea, Panuccio, Antonello, Murino, Vittorio, Fontana, Federico and Rocchesso, Davide (2002): A Multimodal Electronic Travel Aid Device. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 39-46. Available online
Wang, Sen, Zhang, Wei Wei and Wang, Yang Sheng (2002): Fingerprint Classification by Directional Fields. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 395-399. Available online
Focken, Dirk and Stiefelhagen, Rainer (2002): Towards Vision-Based 3-D People Tracking in a Smart Room. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 400-405. Available online
Mentis, Helena M. and Gay, Geri (2002): Using TouchPad Pressure to Detect Negative Affect. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 406-410. Available online
Latoschik, Marc Erich (2002): Designing Transition Networks for Multimodal VR-Interactions Using a Markup Language. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 411-416. Available online
Yonezawa, Tomoko and Mase, Kenji (2002): Musically Expressive Doll in Face-to-Face Communication. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 417-422. Available online
Chen, Xilin and Yang, Jie (2002): Towards Monitoring Human Activities Using an Omnidirectional Camera. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 423-428. Available online
Xie, Weikai, Shi, Yuanchun, Xu, Guangyou and Mao, Yanhua (2002): Smart Platform - A Software Infrastructure for Smart Space (SISS). In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 429-436. Available online
Gray, Rob, Tan, Hong Z. and Young, J. Jay (2002): Do Multimodal Signals Need to Come from the Same Place? Crossmodal Attentional Links Between Proximal and Distal Surfaces. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 437-441. Available online
Kleindienst, Jan, Seredi, Ladislav, Kapanen, Pekka and Bergman, Janne (2002): CATCH-2004 Multi-Modal Browser: Overview Description with Usability Analysis. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 442-447. Available online
Cohen, Philip R., Coulston, Rachel and Krout, Kelly (2002): Multimodal Interaction During Multiparty Dialogues: Initial Results. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 448-453. Available online
Arafa, Yasmine and Mamdani, Abe (2002): Multi-Modal Embodied Agents Scripting. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 454-459. Available online
Williams, Jason, Michelitsch, Georg, Möhler, Gregor and Rapp, Stefan (2002): A Methodology for Evaluating Multimodality in a Home Entertainment System. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 460-465. Available online
Cho, Changseok, Yang, Huichul, Kim, Gerard Jounghyun and Han, Sung Ho (2002): Body-Based Interfaces. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 466-472. Available online
Rogina, Ivica and Schaaf, Thomas (2002): Lecture and Presentation Tracking in an Intelligent Meeting Room. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 47-52. Available online
Grosjean, Jérôme, Burkhardt, Jean-Marie, Coquillart, Sabine and Richard, Paul (2002): Evaluation of the Command and Control Cube. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 473-478. Available online
Arroyo, Ernesto, Selker, Ted and Stouffs, Alexandre (2002): Interruptions as Multimodal Outputs: Which are the Less Disruptive?. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 479-482. Available online
Aist, Gregory, Kort, Barry, Reilly, Rob, Mostow, Jack and Picard, Rosalind W. (2002): Experimentally Augmenting an Intelligent Tutoring System with Human-Supplied Capabilities: Adding Human-Provided Emotional Scaffolding to an Automated Reading Tutor that Listens. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 483-490. Available online
Cohn, Jeffrey F., Schmidt, Karen L., Gross, Ralph and Ekman, Paul (2002): Individual Differences in Facial Expression: Stability over Time, Relation to Self-Reported Emotion, and Ability to Inform Person Identification. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 491-498. Available online
Cohen, Michael M., Massaro, Dominic W. and Clark, Rashid (2002): Training a Talking Head. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 499-504. Available online
Cosi, Piero, Caldognetto, Emanuela Magno, Perin, Giulio and Zmarich, Claudio (2002): Labial Coarticulation Modeling for Realistic Facial Animation. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 505-510. Available online
Xiong, Ziyou, Chen, Yunqiang, Wang, Roy and Huang, Thomas S. (2002): Improved Information Maximization based Face and Facial Feature Detection from Real-time Video and Application in a Multi-Modal Person Identification System. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 511-516. Available online
Jiang, Dalong, Gao, Wen, Li, Zhiguo and Wang, Zhaoqi (2002): Animating Arbitrary Topology 3D Facial Model Using the MPEG-4 FaceDefTables. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 517-522. Available online
Wang, Wei, Shan, Shiguang, Gao, Wen, Cao, Bo and Yin, Baocai (2002): An Improved Active Shape Model for Face Alignment. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 523-528. Available online
Fasel, Beat (2002): Head-Pose Invariant Facial Expression Recognition Using Convolutional Neural Networks. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 529-534. Available online
Taguma, Ryuta, Moriyama, Tatsuhiro, Iwano, Koji and Furui, Sadaoki (2002): Parallel Computing-Based Architecture for Mixed-Initiative Spoken Dialogue. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 53-58. Available online
Lao, Wenjun, Kong, Dehui and Yin, Baocai (2002): An Improved Algorithm for Hairstyle Dynamics. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 535-540. Available online
Nakamura, Satoshi and Heracleous, Panikos (2002): 3-D N-Best Search for Simultaneous Recognition of Distant-Talking Speech of Multiple Talkers. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 59-63. Available online
Wong, Pui-Fung and Siu, Man-Hung (2002): Integration of Tone Related Feature for Chinese Speech Recognition. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 64-68. Available online
Mersiol, Marc, Chateau, Noël and Maffiolo, Valérie (2002): Talking Heads: Which Matching between Faces and Synthetic Voices?. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 69-74. Available online
Tian, Ye, Wu, Ji, Wang, Zuoying and Lu, Dajin (2002): Robust Noisy Speech Recognition with Adaptive Frequency Bank Selection. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 75-80. Available online
Wang, Ziqiang, Liu, Yang, Ding, Peng and Bo, Xu (2002): Covariance-Tied Clustering Method In Speaker Identification. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 81-86. Available online
Chai, Joyce Y., Pan, Shimei, Zhou, Michelle X. and Houck, Keith (2002): Context-Based Multimodal Input Understanding in Conversational Systems. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 87-92. Available online
Bauckhage, Christian, Fritsch, Jannik, Rohlfing, Katharina J., Wachsmuth, Sven and Sagerer, Gerhard (2002): Evaluating Integrated Speech- and Image Understanding. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 9-14. Available online
Hastie, Helen Wright, Johnston, Michael and Ehlen, Patrick (2002): Context-Sensitive Help for Multimodal Dialogue. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 93-98. Available online
Landragin, Frédéric, Bellalem, Nadia and Romary, Laurent (2002): Referring to Objects with Spoken and Haptic Modalities. In: 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces - ICMI 2002 14-16 October, 2002, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. pp. 99-104. Available online
Give us your opinion! Do you have any comments/additions
that you would like other visitors to see?
Most digital products today emerge from the development process like a monster emerging from a bubbling tank. Developers, instead of planning and executing with their users in mind, end up creating technological solutions over which they ultimately have little control. Like mad scientists, they fail because they have not imbued their creations with humanity.
-- Alan Cooper, About Face 2.0, p. 5.
Read the fascinating history of Wearable Computing, told by its father, Steve Mann
Read Steve's chapter !
The Social Design of Technical Systems: Building technologies for communities
The Encyclopedia of Human-Computer Interaction, 2nd Ed.