Publication statistics
Pub. period:1990-2010
Pub. count:53
Number of co-authors:66
Co-authors
Number of publications with 3 favourite co-authors:
David Haniff:11Mike Sharples:7David J. Haniff:7 Productive colleagues
Christopher Baber's 3 most productive colleagues in number of publications:
Russell Beale:50Neville A. Stanton:34David Haniff:31
“
Computer analyst to programmer: "You start coding. I'll go find out what they want."
”
-- Popular computer one-liner
Featured chapter
Read the fascinating history of Wearable Computing, told by its father, Steve Mann
Read Steve's chapter !
Christopher Baber
Has also published under the name of:
"Chris Baber"
Personal Homepage:
http://www.eee.bham.ac.uk/baberc/Publications by Christopher Baber (bibliography)
Parekh, Manish and Baber, Christopher (2010): Tool use as gesture: new challenges for maintenance and rehabilitation. In: Proceedings of the HCI10 Conference on People and Computers XXIV 2010. pp. 241-249.
“There are many ways to capture human gestures. In this paper, consideration is given to an extension to the growing trend to use sensors to capture movements and interpret these as gestures. However, rather than have sensors on people, the focus is on the attachment of sensors (i.e., strain gauges and accelerometers) to the tools that people use. By instrumenting a set of handles, which can be fitted with a variety of effectors (e.g., knives, forks, spoons, screwdrivers, spanners, saws etc.), it is possible to capture the variation in grip force applied to the handle as the tool is used and the movements made using the handle. These data can be sent wirelessly (using Zigbee) to a computer where distinct patterns of movement can be classified. Different approaches to the classification of activity are considered. This provides an approach to combining the use of real tools in physical space with the representation of actions on a computer. This approach could be used to capture actions during manual tasks, say in maintenance work, or to support development of movements, say in rehabilitation.”
© All rights reserved Parekh and Baber and/or BCS
Baber, Christopher, Smith, Paul, Butler, Mark, Cross, James and Hunter, John (2009): Mobile technology for crime scene examination. In International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 67 (5) pp. 464-474.
“In this paper, the concept of distributed cognition is used to inform the design, development and trialling of technologies to support Crime Scene Examination is reported. A user trial, with trainee Crime Scene Examiners, was conducted to compare the ways in which evidence search and recovery could be combined with the production of a crime scene report (that must be written at the scene). Participants completed the crime scene report using either the conventional paper form, an electronic form on a tablet computer (to represent the current trend in digitisation of crime scene reports), or a wearable computer (with speech input). While both computer conditions (tablet and wearable) led to faster performance, when compared with the paper condition, there was no difference in content or quality of the reports produced in any of the three conditions; thus, the computer conditions produced acceptable reports in much faster time when compared to conventional practice. Furthermore, activity sampling analysis showed that participants found it much easier to integrate the wearable computer (than either paper forms or tablet computer) into their search and recovery activity.”
© All rights reserved Baber et al. and/or Academic Press
Baber, Christopher, Cross, James, Khaleel, Tariq and Beale, Russell (2008): Location-based Photography as Sense-making. In: Proceedings of the HCI08 Conference on People and Computers XXII 2008. pp. 133-140.
“In this paper we consider ways in which images collected in the field can be used as to support sense-making. Weick's concept of sense-making is applied to the capture of images. A study is reported in which visitors to an open-air museum were asked to take photographs of aspects of the site that they found interesting. Photographs were taken using a bespoke application in which a webcam and global positioning system device, attached to a small tablet computer, are used to capture tagged images. Tagging is supported by the use of a simple menu that allows users to classify the images.”
© All rights reserved Baber et al. and/or their publisher
Knight, James F., Bristow, Huw W., Anastopoulou, Stamatina, Baber, Christopher, Schwirtz, Anthony and Arvanitis, Theodoros N. (2007): Uses of accelerometer data collected from a wearable system. In Personal and Ubiquitous Computing, 11 (2) pp. 117-132.
Yang, Fan and Baber, Christopher (2006): MapTable: a tactical command and control interface. In: Proceedings of the 2006 International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces 2006. pp. 294-296.
“This paper describes a novel tabletop interface, MapTable, which can be used as a tactical command and control interface. It is designed and implemented to explore more intelligent and intuitive interaction in a distributed environment that can support remote collaboration. MapTable offers a common space for planners to work, which retains the intuitive feel of a "sandbox" around which discussion can take place and plans easily displayed, whilst the automated navigation command system means that both planning and the issuing of directions can effectively be merged into a single activity using a single user interface that embeds the tasks into the interaction. Empirical studies were conducted to test this tactical interface in a remote searching task environment. Compared to the traditional desktop command and control interface, MapTable can lead to significant differences in performance. This fusion of planning, command and control means that planners can be expected have a high level of situational awareness with regard to where those they are directing are, where they will be and what others in the team are doing.”
© All rights reserved Yang and Baber and/or ACM Press
Baber, Christopher, Smith, P., Panesar, S., Yang, F. and Cross, J. (2006): Supporting Crime Scene Investigation. In: Proceedings of the HCI06 Conference on People and Computers XX 2006. pp. 103-116.
Knight, James F., Schwirtz, Anthony, Psomadelis, Fotis, Baber, Christopher, Bristow, Huw W. and Arvanitis, Theodoros N. (2005): The design of the SensVest. In Personal and Ubiquitous Computing, 9 (1) pp. 6-19.
Bristow, Huw W., Baber, Christopher, Cross, James, Knight, James F. and Woolley, Sandra I. (2004): Defining and evaluating context for wearable computing. In International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 60 (5) pp. 798-819.
“Defining 'context' has proved to be a non-trivial problem for research in
context-awareness. In this paper we address two questions: what features of
activity are required to define context? and does the use of context-awareness
measurably improve user performance? The first question was addressed by a
study of everyday activities, using a Photo Diary method to arrive at a set of
Context Identifiers. We feel that it is important to discover what features of
activity are needed in order to describe context. Two user trials were carried
out to address the second question. We conclude that the use of context
improves user task proficiency.”
© All rights reserved Bristow et al. and/or Academic Press
Sillence, E. and Baber, Christopher (2004): Integrated digital communities: combining web-based interaction with text messaging to develop a system for encouraging group communication and competition. In Interacting with Computers, 16 (1) pp. 93-113.
“Digital communities are often portrayed as operating entirely within the confines of a single technological domain, e.g. a group of people in a web-based chatroom. In this study an integrated approach to digital communities is explored. It is proposed that members of communities employ a range of digital technologies to support their activities and sense of community. This paper describes a study that develops a community using combined text messaging or Short Messaging Service (SMS) with web-based interaction. An application based on this specification is built in order to develop and support a digital community based around the 2002 World Cup. Participants interacted with the system during the soccer tournament, chatting with other members and taking part in competitions. They successfully integrated SMS with the website. Participants reported feeling like a cohesive group and showed increased interest in soccer and the World Cup.”
© All rights reserved Sillence and Baber and/or Elsevier Science
Baber, Christopher and Westmancott, Oliver (2004): Social Networks and Mobile Games: The Use of Bluetooth for a Multiplayer Card Game. In: Brewster, Stephen A. and Dunlop, Mark D. (eds.) Mobile Human-Computer Interaction - Mobile HCI 2004 - 6th International Symposium September 13-16, 2004, Glasgow, UK. pp. 98-107.
Lonsdale, Peter, Baber, Christopher and Sharples, Mike (2004): Engaging Learners with Everyday Technology: A Participatory Simulation Using Mobile Phones. In: Brewster, Stephen A. and Dunlop, Mark D. (eds.) Mobile Human-Computer Interaction - Mobile HCI 2004 - 6th International Symposium September 13-16, 2004, Glasgow, UK. pp. 461-465.
Haniff, David, Baber, Christopher, Kalawsky, Roy, Atkins, David, Lewin, Martin and Armitage, Scott (2004): Augmented Appliances. In: The Second International Conference on Appliance Design May 11-13, 2004, Bristol UK. p. 141.
Vavoula, G., Sharples, Mike, Cross, J. and Baber, Christopher (2003): SpyCam and RoboCam: An Application of the Future Technology Workshop Method to the Design of New Technology for Children. In: Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction 2003. pp. 1071-1075.
Anastopoulou, S., Sharples, Mike and Baber, Christopher (2003): Multimodality and learning: linking science to everyday activities. In: Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction 2003. pp. 576-580.
Haniff, David and Baber, Christopher (2003): Evaluation of Augmented Reality Systems. In: Proceedings of International Conference on Information Visualization IV03 2003, London. pp. 505-511.
“Augmented reality (AR) systems need to be evaluated for their appropriateness for a given task. Three approaches are used to evaluate the waterpump augmented reality tool (WART). The system is assessed using verbal protocol, performance time and a questionnaire. The WART system is compared with a paper version of the assembly instructions. The verbal protocol revealed that there was more cognitive processing for the paper version of task than WART, it took longer to complete the task with WART than the paper version and the questionnaire revealed the effect on performance of problems associated with AR. All of the participants in the evaluation, however, were positive about WART, and appreciated its usefulness. ”
© All rights reserved Haniff and Baber and/or IEEE Computer Society
Moody, Louise, Baber, Christopher, Arvanitis, Theodoros N. and Elliott, Martin (2003): Objective Metrics for the Evaluation of Simple Surgical Skills in Real and Virtual Domains. In Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 12 (2) pp. 207-221.
Haniff, David J. and Baber, Christopher (2003): User Evaluation of Augmented Reality Systems. In: Banissi, Ebad, Börner, Katy, Chen, Chaomei, Clapworthy, Gordon, Maple, Carsten, Lobben, Amy, Moore, Christopher J., Roberts, Jonathan C., Ursyn, Anna and Zhang, Jian (eds.) IV 2003 - Seventh International Conference on Information Visualization 16-18 July, 2003, London, UK. pp. 505-511.
Anastopoulou, Stamatina, Sharples, Mike and Baber, Christopher (2003): Using Gestures to Learn about Graphs: The Contribution of Multimodal Technology. In: ICALT 2003 - 2003 IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies 9-11 July, 2003, Athens, Greece. pp. 185-189.
Longmate, E. and Baber, Christopher (2002): A Comparison of Text Messaging and Email Support for Digital Communities: A Case Study. In: Proceedings of the HCI02 Conference on People and Computers XVI 2002. pp. 69-88.
Baber, Christopher and Mellor, Brian (2001): Using Critical Path Analysis to Model Multimodal Human-Computer Interaction. In International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 54 (4) pp. 613-636.
“In this paper, the concept of multimodal human-computer interaction is explored. It is proposed that multimodality can be defined from human or technology perspectives, which place emphasis on different attributes of the system. Furthermore, in this paper it is argued that the most effective definition of multimodality concentrates on task and goal dependencies. Not only does this permit consideration over and above the technology/human distinction, but also allows consideration of multiple tasks. In order to explore this notion, critical path analysis is used to develop models of multimodal systems. The model describes multimodal HCI, and allows consideration of the effects of modality dependency. The models allow prediction of transaction time under various conditions. Predictions arising from these models are shown to be good fits with data obtained from user trials. Thus, it is proposed that one can develop and evaluate preliminary versions of multimodal systems prior to prototype development.”
© All rights reserved Baber and Mellor and/or Academic Press
Hone, Kate S. and Baber, Christopher (2001): Designing Habitable Dialogues for Speech-Based Interaction with Computers. In International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 54 (4) pp. 637-662.
“Habitability refers to the match between the language people employ when using a computer system and the language that the system can accept. In this paper, the concept of "habitability" is explored in relation to the design of dialogues for speech-based systems. Two studies investigating the role of habitability in speech systems for banking applications are reported. The first study employed a speech-driven automated teller machine (ATM), using a visual display to indicate available vocabulary. Users made several distinct types of error with this system, indicating that habitability in speech systems cannot be achieved simply by displaying the input language. The second study employed a speech input/speech output home banking application, in which system constraints were indicated by either a spoken menu of words or a "query-style" prompt (e.g. "what service do you require?"). Between-subjects comparisons of these two conditions confirmed that the "menu-style" dialogue was rated as more habitable than the "query-style". It also led to fewer errors, and was rated as easier to use, suggesting that habitability is a key issue in speech system usability. Comparison with the results of the first study suggests that for speech input, spoken menu prompts may be more habitable than similar menus shown on a visual display. The implications of these results to system design are discussed, and some initial dialogue design recommendations are presented.”
© All rights reserved Hone and and/or Academic Press
Baber, Christopher (2001): Wearable Computers: A Human Factors Review. In International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 13 (2) pp. 123-145.
“In this article, wearable computers are considered from the perspective of
human factors. Three approaches to the development of this technology are
presented: computers that can be worn, information appliances that can be worn,
and computers as clothing. The implications for how people will wear and
interact with computers in these forms are considered. In particular, in this
article a discussion of forms of dialogue to demonstrate how wearable computers
require fundamental revision of the way in which we consider human-computer
interaction is presented. This article concludes with reports of work on human
interaction with wearable computers, both in terms of task performance and
physical effects of wearing technology.”
© All rights reserved Baber and/or Lawrence Erlbaum Associates
Baber, Christopher (2001): Augmented Reality in Museums and Art Galleries. In: Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction 2001. pp. 958-962.
Baber, Christopher and Stanton, Neville A. (2001): Defining Interface Transparency Through Task Flow. In: Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction 2001. pp. 632-636.
Baber, Christopher, Bristow, H., Cheng, S.-L., Hedley, A., Kuriyama, Y., Lien, M., Pollard, J. and Sorrell, P. (2001): Augmenting Museums and Art Galleries. In: Proceedings of IFIP INTERACT01: Human-Computer Interaction 2001, Tokyo, Japan. pp. 439-446.
Baber, Christopher, Sharples, Mike, Boardman, M., Price, A. and Haniff, D. (2001): Requirements Engineering of Personal Technology for Police Officers. In: Proceedings of IFIP INTERACT01: Human-Computer Interaction 2001, Tokyo, Japan. pp. 512-520.
Baber, Christopher and Stanton, Neville A. (2001): Analytical Prototyping of Personal Technologies: Using Predictions of Time and Error to Evaluate User Interfaces. In: Proceedings of IFIP INTERACT01: Human-Computer Interaction 2001, Tokyo, Japan. pp. 585-592.
Haniff, David and Baber, Christopher (2001): Categorizing Augmented Reality Systems. In Journal of Three Dimensional Images, 14 (4) pp. 105-110.
“Augmented Reality (AR) superimposes virtual
information onto the real world. AR system
development is reaching the maturity of Virtual
Reality (VR) systems. However, AR systems
vary considerably due to the variety of
applications that use different input and output
methods. There is therefore a need to categorize
these systems in order to ascertain the options
available in the use of AR for particular activities.
This paper describes a study categorizing five AR
systems and proposes that AR systems can also be
looked at in terms of context and granularity.
Three AR systems developed at the University of
Birmingham are presented to illustrate these
categories”
© All rights reserved Haniff and Baber and/or their publisher
Baber, Christopher (2001): Computing in a multimodal world. In: Stephanidis, Constantine (ed.) HCI International 2001 - Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction August 5-10, 2001, New Orleans, USA. pp. 232-236.
Baber, Christopher, Sharples, Mike, Boardman, Michael, Price, Amber and Haniff, David (2001): Requirements engineering of personal technology for police officers,. In: Hirose, M. (ed.) Proceedings of Interact 2001 2001, Tokyo, Japan. pp. 512-520.
Baber, Christopher, Haniff, David, Sharples, Mike, Boardman, Michael and Price, Amber (2001): A Requirements Analysis of Personal Mobile Computers for Police Officers (In Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics,. In: Harris, D (ed.) Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics 2001. pp. 21-28.
Longmate, E., Lynch, P. and Baber, Christopher (2000): Informing the Design of an Online Financial Advice System. In: Proceedings of the HCI00 Conference on People and Computers XIV 2000. pp. 103-118.
Haniff, David J., Baber, Christopher and Edmondson, William H. (2000): Categorizing Augmented Reality Systems. In Journal of Three Dimensional Images, 14 (4) pp. 105-110.
“Augmented Reality (AR) superimposes virtual
information onto the real world. AR system
development is reaching the maturity of Virtual
Reality (VR) systems. However, AR systems
vary considerably due to the variety of
applications that use different input and output
methods. There is therefore a need to categorize
these systems in order to ascertain the options
available in the use of AR for particular activities.
This paper describes a study categorizing five AR
systems and proposes that AR systems can also be
looked at in terms of context and granularity.
Three AR systems developed at the University of
Birmingham are presented to illustrate these
categories.”
© All rights reserved Haniff et al. and/or their publisher
Boud, A. C., Baber, Christopher and Steiner, S. J. (2000): Virtual Reality: A Tool for Assembly?. In Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 9 (5) pp. 486-496.
Hone, Kate S. and Baber, Christopher (1999): Modelling the Effects of Constraint Upon Speech-Based Human-Computer Interaction. In International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 50 (1) pp. 85-107.
“Commercial speech systems, for use by the public, rely heavily on prompts which aim to constrain user input to a highly limited vocabulary set. Constraints help to increase the recognition accuracy of the automatic speech recognition device and thus improve dialogue efficiency. However, this strategy can also lengthen interactions because longer prompts are needed to effectively constrain user utterances and more steps are usually needed to complete a task. The current paper argues that to achieve optimal dialogue design solutions it is necessary to balance these conflicting effects of constraint. Two modelling studies are presented in which dialogue constraint levels for a home-banking application were systematically manipulated in order to investigate the effects on overall transaction time. The results indicate that, even with the assumption that high constraint leads to high recognition accuracy, it is difficult for highly constrained dialogues which entail the need for extra dialogue steps (e.g. those using menus) to compete with less-constrained dialogues which do not (e.g. those using queries). The implications of these findings to system design are discussed and it is suggested that the modelling method presented here can provide a useful tool early in the design process.”
© All rights reserved Hone and Baber and/or Academic Press
Noyes, Janet M. and Baber, Christopher (1999): User-centered design of systems. Springer-Verlag
Boud, Andy, Haniff, David J., Baber, Christopher and Steiner, S. J. (1999): Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality as a Training Tool for Assembly Tasks. In: Proceedings of International Conference on Information Visualization IV 99 1999, London. pp. 32-36.
Haniff, David and Baber, Christopher (1999): Wearable Computer for the Fire Service & Police Force: Technological and Human Factors. In: Proceedings of International Symposium of Wearable Computers 1999, San Fransisco. pp. 185-186.
“Wearable computer applications can be defined broadly as situationally-aware and situationally-unaware. A situationally-aware fire-fighter application which is under development is described and a situationally-unaware police force application is presented. However, underlying these developments is the issue of the appropriateness of the user interface for these applications.The paper also looks at the use of electronic devices within the firefighters helmets to indicate help such as where is your buddy (support in a firefighter situation) and when to get out. It also describes the use of speech recognition to access licence plate numbers on the Police National Computer.”
© All rights reserved Haniff and Baber and/or IEEE Computer Society
Baber, Christopher, Haniff, David and Buckley, Rob (1999): Wearable Information Appliances for the Emergency Services: HotHelmet. In: Lecture Notes in Computer Science 1707 1999. pp. 314-316.
“Much of the work into wearable computers has been concerned with the miniaturization of Personal Computers, e.g., 486 or Pentium-based. In this project, we ask whether it is possible to build a wearable device from much simpler electronic components. Specification for the device is based on the capture of user requirements, and constraints for the design are obtained from consideration of the operating environment.
”
© All rights reserved Baber et al. and/or their publisher
Baber, Christopher, Haniff, David J. and Buckley, Robert (1999): Wearable Information Appliances for the Emergency Services: HotHelmet. In: Gellersen, Hans-Werner (ed.) Handheld and Ubiquitous Computing - First International Symposium - HUC99 September 27-29, 1999, Karlsruhe, Germany. pp. 314-316.
Haniff, David J., Baber, Christopher and Edmondson, William H. (1999): Human Factors of Multi-modal Ubiquitous Computing. In: Gellersen, Hans-Werner (ed.) Handheld and Ubiquitous Computing - First International Symposium - HUC99 September 27-29, 1999, Karlsruhe, Germany. pp. 346-348.
Stedmon, Alex W. and Baber, Christopher (1999): Evaluating Stress in the Development of Speech Interface Technology. In: Bullinger, Hans-Jörg (ed.) HCI International 1999 - Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction August 22-26, 1999, Munich, Germany. pp. 545-549.
Boud, A. C., Haniff, David J., Baber, Christopher and Steiner, S. J. (1999): Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality as a Training Tool for Assembly Tasks. In: IV 1999 1999. pp. 32-36.
Haniff, David, Boud, Andy and Baber, Christopher (1999): Assembly Training with Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality. In: Human-Computer Interaction INTERACT 99 Volume II 1999, Glasgow, Scotland. pp. 35-36.
Boud, Andy, Haniff, David, Baber, Christopher and Steiner, Simon (1999): Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality as a Training Tool for Assembly Tasks. In: Proceedings of International Conference on Information Visualization IV 99 1999, London. pp. 32-36.
Baber, Christopher, Haniff, David J. and Woolley, Sandra I. (1999): Contrasting Paradigms for the Development of Wearable Computers. In IBM Systems Journal, 38 (4) pp. 551-565.
Baber, Christopher, Arvanitis, Theo N, Haniff, David and Buckley, Rob (1999): A Wearable Computer for Paramedics: Studies in Model-based, User-centred and Industrial Design. In: Human-Computer Interaction INTERACT 99 1999, Glasgow, UK. pp. 126-132.
“In this paper, we report work into wearable computers for paramedics. The paper begins with an overview of the design using Unified Modeling Language (UML). This demonstrates the information flow and task activity in typical paramedic work. A demonstrator system was described using such UML models. The second part of the paper reports a user trial of a working prototype wearable computer, involving experienced paramedics, at a training school. The results of this study suggest that the wearable computer might slow collection of baseline data, although this finding does not apply to all tasks. On the basis of the trial findings and the positive comments received from the paramedics, it is proposed that a wearable computer may offer benefits over current work practice. The paramedics did complain about the design of current technology which led to an industrial design project to develop a new concept. The third section presents the new design concept for a wearable computer for paramedicst. This design relies on the distribution of the equipment around the body in order to increase the wearability of the design.”
© All rights reserved Baber et al. and/or their publisher
Baber, Christopher, Haniff, David, Cooper, Lee, Knight, James and Mellor, Brian (1998): Preliminary Investigations into the Use of Wearable Computers. In: Johnson, Hilary, Nigay, Laurence and Roast, C. R. (eds.) Proceedings of the Thirteenth Conference of the British Computer Society Human Computer Interaction Specialist Group - People and Computers XIII August 1-4, 1998, Sheffield, UK. pp. 313-325.
“In this paper, we investigate human factors which could have a bearing on the use of wearable computers. The first study examines performance on a reaction time task using a head-mounted display in comparison with performance on a sVGA visual display unit. While the number of missed targets was not significantly different, there were significant differences in reaction time to displays. The second study shows performance time of participants using a wearable computer to be superior to those using paper-based manual and recording, but there is a trend for more errors to be made when using the wearable computer.”
© All rights reserved Baber et al. and/or Springer Verlag
Baber, Christopher (1997): Beyond the Desktop: Designing and Using Interaction Devices. Academic Press
Baber, Christopher and Hone, Kate S. (1993): Modelling Error Recovery and Repair in Automatic Speech Recognition. In International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, 39 (3) pp. 495-515.
“While automatic speech recognition (ASR) has achieved some level of success, it often fails to live up to its hype. One of the principal reasons for this apparent failure is the prevalence of "recognition errors". This makes error correction a topic of increasing importance to ASR system development, with a growing awareness that, by designing for error, a number of problems can be overcome. Currently, there is a wide range of possible techniques which could be used for correcting recognition errors, and it is often difficult to compare the techniques objectively because their performance is closely related to their implementation. Furthermore, different techniques may be more suited to different applications and domains. It would be useful to have some means of defining the requirements of an error correction dialogue, based on characteristics of the dialogue and ASR system in which it is to be used, in order to develop design specifications for appropriate error correction. This paper reports an approach, based on task-network modelling, which could be used to this end.”
© All rights reserved Baber and Hone and/or Academic Press
Baber, Christopher, Stanton, Neville A. and Stockley, A. (1992): Can Speech be Used for Alarm Displays in 'Process Control' Type Tasks?. In Behaviour and Information Technology, 11 (4) pp. 216-226.
“There has been much research into the feasibility of speech in aircraft cockpits, but little in human supervisory control tasks. Speech displays can provide a number of benefits over conventional, visual displays, particularly as a means of providing alarm information. We discuss the term 'alarm', and suggest that different alarm situations will have different information requirements. Thus, a single type of alarm display may not be suitable for the complete range of situations encountered in the control room. We investigated the use of speech for different 'alarm-initiated actions'; recording, urgency rating, location identification, and action specification. These tasks varied in terms of difficulty, and this affected performance. We also varied the quality of speech, comparing synthesized with human speech. While speech quality affected performance on the recording task, we found that task difficulty interacted with speech quality on the other tasks. This means that definable 'trade-offs' exist between the use of speech and the situation in which it is to be used.”
© All rights reserved Baber et al. and/or Taylor and Francis
Baber, Christopher, Stammers, R. B. and Usher, D. M. (1990): Instructions and Demonstration as Media for Training New Users of Automatic Speech Recognition Devices. In Behaviour and Information Technology, 9 (5) pp. 371-379.
“Although automatic speech recognition (ASR) can provide a medium of controlling computers which is relatively easy to use, novice users often have problems with it during their initial practices. In this study, two methods for training subjects to use ASR are compared. One group of subjects received a short demonstration given by an experienced ASR user and the other group received verbal instructions on how to use the device. The results show that subjects given a demonstration achieved better performance than those given instructions (p<0.005). This is explained by virtue of the fact that the successful use of ASR requires procedural knowledge which is better acquired through some form of practice than through instruction. It is concluded that a demonstration provides 'practice by proxy'. 'Task like' forms of enrollment are discussed. It is suggested that although they can provide the possibility of practice, they are not applicable to all types of ASR use. A demonstration provides users with task familiarization, and an appropriate style of speech.”
© All rights reserved Baber et al. and/or Taylor and Francis
Baber, Christopher, Stammers, R. B. and Taylor, R. G. (1990): Feedback Requirements for Automatic Speech Recognition in Control Room Systems. In: Diaper, Dan, Gilmore, David J., Cockton, Gilbert and Shackel, Brian (eds.) INTERACT 90 - 3rd IFIP International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction August 27-31, 1990, Cambridge, UK. pp. 761-766.
“Previous research into feedback requirements for users of ASR has tended to concentrate on verbal feedback: presented via text or via synthetic speech. In control room systems, auditory feedback is not viable for ASR, and textual feedback is potentially problematic. To counter these problems, feedback could be presented using symbols on existing displays. In this study, textual and symbolic feedback are compared for an error detection task, one of the prime uses of feedback for ASR. It was found that although performance using symbolic feedback did improve over time, it was significantly lower than that for textual feedback. Further, the type of symbol used also effected performance. Therefore for error detection at least, textual feedback is preferable to symbolic feedback. However, the role of symbolic feedback in more direct task control is yet to be explored.”
© All rights reserved Baber et al. and/or North-Holland
Show this list on your homepage
Join the technology elite and advance:
Changes to this page (author)
22 Apr 2013: Modified19 Oct 2012: Modified15 Oct 2012: Modified
03 Apr 2012: Added
18 Apr 2011: Modified
18 Nov 2010: Added
15 Apr 2010: Added
22 Mar 2010: Added
19 Feb 2010: Modified
13 Feb 2010: Modified
12 Feb 2010: Added
12 Feb 2010: Added
06 Feb 2010: Added
26 Jan 2010: Added
18 Jan 2010: Added
10 Sep 2009: Added
10 Sep 2009: Added
06 Sep 2009: Added
06 Sep 2009: Added
06 Sep 2009: Added
06 Sep 2009: Added
06 Sep 2009: Added
06 Sep 2009: Added
12 Jul 2009: Added
17 Jun 2009: Added
14 Jun 2009: Added
14 Jun 2009: Added
05 Jun 2009: Added
05 Jun 2009: Added
01 Jun 2009: Added
01 Jun 2009: Added
31 May 2009: Added
31 May 2009: Added
30 May 2009: Added
30 May 2009: Added
29 May 2009: Added
29 May 2009: Added
06 May 2009: Added
08 Apr 2009: Added
08 Apr 2009: Added
05 Apr 2009: Added
05 Apr 2009: Added
05 Apr 2009: Added
05 Apr 2009: Added
12 May 2008: Added
26 Jul 2007: Added
26 Jul 2007: Added
24 Jul 2007: Added
24 Jul 2007: Added
24 Jul 2007: Added
24 Jul 2007: Added
28 Jun 2007: Added
27 Jun 2007: Added
27 Jun 2007: Added
27 Jun 2007: Added
27 Jun 2007: Added
27 Jun 2007: Added
27 Jun 2007: Added
27 Jun 2007: Added
28 Apr 2003: Added
28 Apr 2003: Added
Page Information
Page maintainer:
The Editorial Team
URL: http://www.interaction-design.org/references/authors/christopher_baber.html
Log in !
