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References Navigation arrow Authors Navigation arrow B. J. Fogg
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B. J. Fogg

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Publications by B. J. Fogg (bibliography)

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» 2009 «

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Eckles, Dean, Wightman, Doug, Carlson, Claire, Thamrongrattanarit, Attapol, Bastea-Forte, Marcello and Fogg, B. J. (2009): Social responses in mobile messaging: influence strategies, self-disclosure, and source orientation. In: Proceedings of ACM CHI 2009 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems 2009. pp. 1651-1654. Available online

“This paper reports on a direct test of social responses to communication technologies theory (SRCT) with mobile messaging. SRCT predicts that people will mindlessly respond to computers in social ways that mirror their responses to humans. A field experiment (N=71) using participants' own mobile phones compared three influence strategies (direct request, flattery, and social norms) in the context of asking intimate questions of participants. These messages came from either an ostensibly human or computer sender. Flattery significantly increased self-disclosure when ostensibly sent by a human, but not when from a computer. The interaction effect for sender and influence strategy is inconsistent with SRCT's predictions. Implications for theories of source orientation, research methods, and future research are discussed.”

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» 2008 «

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Fogg, B. J. and Iizawa, Daisuke (2008): Online Persuasion in Facebook and Mixi: A Cross-Cultural Comparison. In: Oinas-Kukkonen, Harri, Hasle, Per F. V., Harjumaa, Marja, Segerståhl, Katarina and Øhrstrøm, Peter (eds.) PERSUASIVE 2008 - Persuasive Technology, Third International Conference June 4-6, 2008, Oulu, Finland. pp. 35-46. Available online

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Weiksner, G. Michael, Fogg, B. J. and Liu, Xingxin (2008): Six Patterns for Persuasion in Online Social Networks. In: Oinas-Kukkonen, Harri, Hasle, Per F. V., Harjumaa, Marja, Segerståhl, Katarina and Øhrstrøm, Peter (eds.) PERSUASIVE 2008 - Persuasive Technology, Third International Conference June 4-6, 2008, Oulu, Finland. pp. 151-163. Available online

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Fogg, B. J. (2008): Mass Interpersonal Persuasion: An Early View of a New Phenomenon. In: Oinas-Kukkonen, Harri, Hasle, Per F. V., Harjumaa, Marja, Segerståhl, Katarina and Øhrstrøm, Peter (eds.) PERSUASIVE 2008 - Persuasive Technology, Third International Conference June 4-6, 2008, Oulu, Finland. pp. 23-34. Available online

» 2007 «

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Kort, Yvonne de, IJsselsteijn, Wijnand, Midden, Cees J. H., Eggen, Berry and Fogg, B. J. (eds.) PERSUASIVE 2007 - Persuasive Technology, Second International Conference on Persuasive Technology April 26-27, 2007, Palo Alto, CA, USA.

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Fogg, B. J. and Eckles, Dean (2007): The Behavior Chain for Online Participation: How Successful Web Services Structure Persuasion. In: Kort, Yvonne de, IJsselsteijn, Wijnand, Midden, Cees J. H., Eggen, Berry and Fogg, B. J. (eds.) PERSUASIVE 2007 - Persuasive Technology, Second International Conference on Persuasive Technology April 26-27, 2007, Palo Alto, CA, USA. pp. 199-209. Available online

» 2006 «

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Fogg, B. J. (2006): The Six Most Powerful Persuasion Strategies. In: IJsselsteijn, Wijnand, Kort, Yvonne de, Midden, Cees J. H., Eggen, Berry and Hoven, Elise van den (eds.) PERSUASIVE 2006 - Persuasive Technology, First International Conference on Persuasive Technology for Human Well-Being May 18-19, 2006, Eindhoven, The Netherlands. pp. 6-6. Available online

» 2004 «

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Effrat, Jonathan, Chan, Lisa, Fogg, B. J. and Kong, Ling (2004): What sounds do people love and hate?. In Interactions, 11 (5) pp. 64-66

» 2003 «

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Fogg, B. J., Soohoo, Cathy, Danielson, David R., Marable, Leslie, Stanford, Julianne and Tauber, Ellen R. (2003): How do users evaluate the credibility of Web sites?: a study with over 2,500 participants. In: Proceedings of DUX03: Designing for User Experiences 2003. pp. 1-15. Available online

“In this study 2,684 people evaluated the credibility of two live Web sites on a similar topic (such as health sites). We gathered the comments people wrote about each site's credibility and analyzed the comments to find out what features of a Web site get noticed when people evaluate credibility. We found that the "design look" of the site was mentioned most frequently, being present in 46.1% of the comments. Next most common were comments about information structure and information focus. In this paper we share sample participant comments in the top 18 areas that people noticed when evaluating Web site credibility. We discuss reasons for the prominence of design look, point out how future studies can build on what we have learned in this new line of research, and outline six design implications for human-computer interaction professionals.”

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» 2002 «

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Fogg, B. J. (2002): Persuasive Technology: Using Computers to Change What We Think and Do. Morgan Kaufman Publishers
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» 2001 «

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Fogg, B. J., Marshall, Jonathan, Laraki, Othman, Osipovich, Alex, Varma, Chris, Fang, Nicholas, Paul, Jyoti, Rangnekar, Akshay and Treinen, Marissa (2001): What Makes Web Sites Credible?: A Report on a Large Quantitative Study. In: Beaudouin-Lafon, Michel and Jacob, Robert J. K. (eds.) Proceedings of the ACM CHI 2001 Human Factors in Computing Systems Conference March 31 - April 5, 2001, Seattle, Washington, USA. pp. 61-68. Available online

“The credibility of web sites is becoming an increasingly important area to understand. To expand knowledge in this domain, we conducted an online study that investigated how different elements of Web sites affect people's perception of credibility. Over 1400 people participated in this study, both from the U.S. and Europe, evaluating 51 different Web site elements. The data showed which elements boost and which elements hurt perceptions of Web credibility. Through analysis we found these elements fell into one of seven factors. In order of impact, the five types of elements that increased credibility perceptions were "real-world feel", "ease of use", "expertise", "trustworthiness", and "tailoring". The two types of elements that hurt credibility were "commercial implications and "amateurism". This large-scale study lays the groundwork for further research into the elements that affect Web credibility. The results also suggest implications for designing credible Web sites.”

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» 1999 «

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Fogg, B. J. and Tseng, Hsiang (1999): The Elements of Computer Credibility. In: Altom, Mark W. and Williams, Marian G. (eds.) Proceedings of the ACM CHI 99 Human Factors in Computing Systems Conference May 15-20, 1999, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. pp. 80-87. Available online

“Given the importance of credibility in computing products, the research on computer credibility is relatively small. To enhance knowledge about computers and credibility, we define key terms relating to computer credibility, synthesize the literature in this domain, and propose three new conceptual frameworks for better understanding the elements of computer credibility. To promote further research, we then offer two perspectives on what computer users evaluate when assessing credibility. We conclude by presenting a set of credibility-related terms that can serve in future research and evaluation endeavors.”

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Fogg, B. J. (1999): Persuasive Technologies - Introduction. In Communications of the ACM, 42 (5) pp. 26-29

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Tseng, Shawn and Fogg, B. J. (1999): Credibility and Computing Technology. In Communications of the ACM, 42 (5) pp. 39-44

» 1998 «

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Fogg, B. J., Cutler, Lawrence D., Arnold, Perry and Eisbach, Chris (1998): HandJive: A Device for Interpersonal Haptic Entertainment. In: Karat, Clare-Marie, Lund, Arnold, Coutaz, Joëlle and Karat, John (eds.) Proceedings of the ACM CHI 98 Human Factors in Computing Systems Conference April 18-23, 1998, Los Angeles, California. pp. 57-64. Available online

“The paper describes how we designed and prototyped HandJive, a haptic device for interpersonal entertainment. HandJive is notable because it relies entirely on haptic input and output. The design process included typical steps such as analyzing user needs and performing iterative prototyping and testing. However, developing a haptic interface like HandJive also presented special challenges, such as creating rapid physical prototypes that could withstand abuse, developing a preliminary system of haptic interaction, and testing haptic interfaces through low-tech prototypes.”

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Fogg, B. J. (1998): Persuasive Computers: Perspectives and Research Directions. In: Karat, Clare-Marie, Lund, Arnold, Coutaz, Joëlle and Karat, John (eds.) Proceedings of the ACM CHI 98 Human Factors in Computing Systems Conference April 18-23, 1998, Los Angeles, California. pp. 225-232. Available online

“The study of computers as persuasive technologies (called "captology") was introduced at CHI 97 as a new area of inquiry. This paper proposes definitions, perspectives, and research directions for further investigation of this field. A persuasive computer is an interactive technology that attempts to change attitudes or behaviors in some way. Perspective 1 describes how computers can inherit three types of intentionality: endogenous, exogenous, and autogenous. Perspective 2 presents the "Functional Triad," which illustrates that computers can function as persuasive tools, media, and social actors. Perspective 3 presents a "levels of analysis" approach for captology, which include varying levels from individual to societal. Perspective 4 suggests a simple method for exploring the design space for persuasive computers. Perspective S highlights some ethical issues inherent in persuasive computing. The paper concludes by proposing seven directions for further research and design.”

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Fogg, B. J., Bedichevsky, Daniel and Tester, Jason (1998): Persuasive Computing. In ACM SIGCHI Bulletin, 30 (4) pp. 71-72

“At CHI 98 just over 40 people attended a special interest group meeting on persuasive computing ("captology"). About half the participants came from industry and half from academics. Despite the early hour for the meeting, the event seemed to be a useful 90 minutes for learning, sharing, and networking with others interested in persuasive computing.”

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» 1997 «

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Fogg, B. J. and Nass, Clifford (1997): Silicon Sycophants: The Effects of Computers that Flatter. In International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 46 (5) pp. 551-561

“A laboratory experiment examines the claims that (1) humans are susceptible to flattery from computers and (2) the effects of flattery from computers are the same as the effects of flattery from humans. In a cooperative task with a computer, subjects (N=41) received one of three types of feedback from a computer: "sincere praise", "flattery" (insincere praise) or "generic feedback". Compared to generic-feedback subjects, flattery subjects reported more positive affect, better performance, more positive evaluations of the interaction and more positive regard for the computer, even though subjects knew that the flattery from the computer was simply noncontingent feedback. Subjects in the sincere praise condition responded similarly to those in the flattery condition. The study concludes that the effects of flattery from a computer can produce the same general effects as flattery from humans, as described in the psychology literature. These findings may suggest significant implications for the design of interactive technologies.”

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» 1996 «

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Nass, Clifford, Fogg, B. J. and Moon, Youngme (1996): Can Computers be Teammates?. In International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 45 (6) pp. 669-678

“This study investigated the claim that humans will readily form team relationships with computers. Drawing from the group dynamic literature in human-human interactions, a laboratory experiment (n=56) manipulated identity and interdependence to create team affiliation in a human-computer interaction. The data show that subjects who are told they are interdependent with the computer affiliate with the computer as a team. The data also show that the effects of being in a team with a computer are the same as the effects of being in a team with another human: subjects in the interdependence conditions perceived the computer to be more similar to themselves, saw themselves as more cooperative, were more open to influence from the computer, thought the information from the computer was of higher quality, found the information from the computer friendlier, and conformed more to the computer's information. Subjects in the identity conditions showed neither team affiliation nor the effects of team affiliation.”

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» 1995 «

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Nass, Clifford, Moon, Youngme, Fogg, B. J., Reeves, Byron and Dryer, D. Christopher (1995): Can Computer Personalities be Human Personalities?. In International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 43 (2) pp. 223-239

“The claim that computer personalities can be human personalities was tested by demonstrating that (1) computer personalities can be easily created using a minimal set of cues, and (2) that people will respond to these personalities in the same way they would respond to similar human personalities. The present study focused on the "similarity-attraction hypothesis," which predicts that people will prefer to interact with others who are similar in personality. In a 2 x 2, balanced, between-subjects experiment (n = 48), dominant and submissive subjects were randomly matched with a computer that was endowed with the properties associated with dominance or submissiveness. Subjects recognized the computer's personality type, distinct from friendliness and competence. In addition, subjects not only preferred the similar computer, but they were more satisfied with the interaction. The findings demonstrate that personality does not require richly defined agents, sophisticated pictorial representations, natural language processing, or artificial intelligence. Rather, even the most superficial manipulations are sufficient to exhibit personality, with powerful effects.”

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Publication statistics

Publication period:1995-2009
Publication count:20
Number of co-authors:39



Productive colleagues

B. J. Fogg's 3 most productive colleagues in number of publications:

Clifford Nass:54
Berry Eggen:20
Wijnand IJsselsteijn:19


Collaboration count

Number of publications with 3 favourite co-authors:

Clifford Nass:3
Youngme Moon:2
Dean Eckles:2

 

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Learn more about B. J. Fogg:
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