WEBVTT 00:00:00.160 --> 00:00:03.543 I want to talk about 21st Century Design. 00:00:08.560 --> 00:00:11.097 So, what do I mean by that? 00:00:11.097 --> 00:00:13.514 I mean it's a different kind of design. 00:00:13.514 --> 00:00:17.171 It's not the traditional design where we make beautiful, wonderful objects 00:00:17.171 --> 00:00:19.395 and wonderful experiences. 00:00:19.409 --> 00:00:22.972 It's about thinking about design as *a way of thinking*, 00:00:22.972 --> 00:00:26.234 *a way of addressing the major problems of the world* 00:00:26.234 --> 00:00:29.907 because designers have a special way of addressing issues. 00:00:29.907 --> 00:00:33.524 We call it *Design Thinking* – it comes under many other different names. 00:00:33.524 --> 00:00:37.823 But it's what designers have been doing for, well, since the beginning of designers. 00:00:37.823 --> 00:00:40.874 What is design as a way of thinking? 00:00:40.958 --> 00:00:43.544 Well, here's how I like to talk about it. 00:00:43.544 --> 00:00:46.990 First of all, well, it's *human-centered*. 00:00:46.990 --> 00:00:50.899 So, we always *focus upon the people*, and that's very important 00:00:50.899 --> 00:00:57.867 because it's the *only* discipline where the *major focus is about making things that are appropriate for people*. 00:00:58.017 --> 00:01:01.186 Second, we *solve the right problem*. 00:01:01.478 --> 00:01:04.895 Third, we *recognize that everything is a system*. 00:01:04.895 --> 00:01:08.918 You can't solve one little piece, because everything is interconnected. 00:01:08.918 --> 00:01:12.448 So, you have to really look at the nature of the system. 00:01:12.855 --> 00:01:16.243 And, finally – and this is extremely important – 00:01:16.451 --> 00:01:19.334 we *don't rush* to a solution. 00:01:19.360 --> 00:01:22.752 We know that when we're dealing with human beings 00:01:22.752 --> 00:01:25.566 and societies and different cultures 00:01:25.566 --> 00:01:28.439 and political forces and economic factors 00:01:28.439 --> 00:01:32.509 that whatever we do is *probably not* going to be right. 00:01:32.907 --> 00:01:37.979 So, what we do is we *try a simple, small intervention*. 00:01:37.979 --> 00:01:40.186 We see what the results are; 00:01:40.186 --> 00:01:43.150 then we modify it, and we continually 00:01:43.200 --> 00:01:45.098 experiment, 00:01:45.098 --> 00:01:47.441 do an intervention, learn from it, 00:01:47.441 --> 00:01:49.386 change what we're doing, 00:01:49.386 --> 00:01:52.446 and slowly we'll get bigger and bigger 00:01:52.474 --> 00:01:55.652 because each one allows us to do even more the next time, 00:01:55.652 --> 00:01:57.951 and we'll get better and better. 00:01:57.951 --> 00:02:00.337 Design is an interesting discipline. 00:02:00.337 --> 00:02:05.667 They learn the techniques; they learn the problem-solving and problem-defining methods; 00:02:05.667 --> 00:02:09.004 they have a whole bunch of powerful tools. 00:02:10.080 --> 00:02:17.137 And then, because we don't know the  details of healthcare or even housing, 00:02:17.137 --> 00:02:21.777 we have to bring in the experts; so, we have  to have a multidisciplinary team 00:02:21.777 --> 00:02:26.145 where we work together with people from all types of skills. 00:02:26.145 --> 00:02:30.153 And the most important thing – this has to *come from the people*. 00:02:30.153 --> 00:02:34.190 We can mentor.  We can facilitate. We can bring in other resources. 00:02:34.480 --> 00:02:38.640 You have difficulty – individuals have  *difficulty tackling the whole system* 00:02:38.640 --> 00:02:43.038 or tackling the *political issues*, but  that's where *we* can come in and help. 00:02:43.369 --> 00:02:46.581 So, we call that *community-driven design*, 00:02:46.581 --> 00:02:49.502 which is a subset of *human-centered design*, 00:02:49.543 --> 00:02:54.131 which, as far as I am concerned, is really about *designing for humanity*. 00:02:54.131 --> 00:02:56.616 So, human-centered design is a subset of 00:02:56.616 --> 00:02:58.762 *humanity-driven design*, 00:02:58.775 --> 00:03:02.306 *humanity-centered design*, because we're trying to save 00:03:02.306 --> 00:03:04.809 – well – the planet.