Thomas T. Hewett

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"Thomas Hewett" and "T. T. Hewett"



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Publications by Thomas T. Hewett (bibliography)

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» 2008 «

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Candy, Linda and Hewett, Thomas T. (2008): Special Issue Introduction: Investigating and Cultivating Creativity. In International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 24 (5) pp. 441-443

» 2005 «

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Hewett, Thomas T. (2005): Informing the design of computer-based environments to support creativity. In International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 63 (4) pp. 383-409

This paper addresses the problem of creating a human-centered computer-based support environment to facilitate innovation and creative work. It focuses on key factors to be considered in the design and development of any such user support environment regardless of the specific domain for which it may be implemented. The paper reviews psychological literature on how creativity, insight and innovation occur and how they can be fostered in working environments. Based on this discussion the paper then describes a generic set of user or functional requirements intended to apply to any domain-specific computer-based working environment for support of creative activities. The paper proposes the conceptual model of a Virtual Workbench as a way of capturing some of these requirements and as a way of organizing thinking about the design of creative problem solving environments (CPSEs) in general. Finally, the paper proposes one possible translation of the Virtual Workbench and some of the functional requirements into a view of a generic model for CPSEs by describing three component sets of functions that would be a subset of those needed in almost any domain-specific CPSE.

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Hewett, Thomas T. (2005): Designing with the human memory in mind. In: Proceedings of 7th conference on Human-computer interaction with mobile devices and services 2005. pp. 363-364. Available online

This tutorial provides a "hands-on" (actually, "minds-on") exploration of several basic processes and phenomena of human memory. The emphasis is on developing both intuitive and formal knowledge that can serve as background knowledge which will be useful in interpreting design guidelines and in making educated design judgments when design guidelines fail, conflict, or are nonexistent. The demonstrations used emphasize basic general phenomena with which any theory of memory must deal. In addition, the tutorial suggests some of the implications of these phenomena for designing interactive computing systems.

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Belov, Nadya, Koeck, Colin, Krandick, Werner, Shaffer, Joshua and Hewett, Thomas T. (2005): Intellectual teamwork on smartphones. In: Proceedings of 7th conference on Human-computer interaction with mobile devices and services 2005. pp. 379-380. Available online

We demonstrate a software system that runs on smartphones and allows two or more geographically dispersed participants to collaborate on the solution of mathematical problems. We show how participants can create and join a collaborative session, how they can use a virtual whiteboard for the exchange of geometrical drawings and of mathematical formulas, and how they can communicate using text messages. We demonstrate the turn-management mechanism provided by our system, and we show how the system facilitates cross-referencing within the session.

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Hewett, Thomas T. (2005): Cognitive factors in design: overview and some implications for design. In: Proceedings of the 2005 Conference on Creativity and Cognition 2005. pp. 318-321. Available online

This tutorial provides a "hands-on" (actually, "minds-on") exploration of several basic processes and phenomena of human memory, and problem solving. The emphasis is on developing both intuitive and formal knowledge which can serve as background knowledge which will be useful in interpreting design guidelines and in making educated design judgments when design guidelines fail, conflict, or are nonexistent. The demonstrations used emphasize basic general phenomena with which any theory of memory or problem solving must deal. In addition, the tutorial suggests some of the implications of these phenomena for designing interactive computing systems.

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Belov, Nadya, Koeck, Colin, Krandick, Werner, Shaffer, Joshua and Hewett, Thomas T. (2005): Intellectual teamwork on smartphones. In: Tscheligi, Manfred, Bernhaupt, Regina and Mihalic, Kristijan (eds.) Proceedings of the 7th Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services - Mobile HCI 2005 September 19-22, 2005, Salzburg, Austria. pp. 379-380. Available online

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Hewett, Thomas T. (2005): Designing with the human memory in mind. In: Tscheligi, Manfred, Bernhaupt, Regina and Mihalic, Kristijan (eds.) Proceedings of the 7th Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services - Mobile HCI 2005 September 19-22, 2005, Salzburg, Austria. pp. 363-364. Available online

» 2001 «

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Darzentas, John, Hewett, Thomas T., Spyrou, T. and Darzentas, John (2001): Bringing Human Computer Interaction into a Department of Product and Systems Design. In: Proceedings of IFIP INTERACT01: Human-Computer Interaction 2001, Tokyo, Japan. pp. 488-495.

» 1997 «

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Hewett, Thomas T., Baecker, Ronald M., Card, Stuart K., Carey, Tom, Gasen, Jean G., Mantei, Marilyn, Perlman, Gary, Strong, Gary W. and Verplank, William (1997). ACM SIGCHI Curricula for Human-Computer Interaction. Retrieved 7 August 2003 from ACM SIGHCI: http://sigchi.org/cdg/index.html

Used on the following pages:

» HCI (Human Computer Interaction): [/encyclopedia/HCI_human_computer_interaction.html]

» Ergonomics: [Not yet published]

» Human factors: [/encyclopedia/human_factors.html]


» 1996 «

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DePaul, Jennifer L. and Hewett, Thomas T. (1996): "Cool Stuff and Hot Interfaces": The Human-Computer Interaction Laboratory's 13th Annual Symposium and Open House. In ACM SIGCHI Bulletin, 28 (4) pp. 76-78

» 1991 «

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Hewett, Thomas T. (1991): Importance of Failure Analysis for Human-Computer Interface Design. In Interacting with Computers, 3 (1) pp. 3-8

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Mantei, Marilyn, Hewett, Thomas T., Eason, Ken and Preece, Jennifer J. (1991): Report on the INTERACT'90 Workshop on Education in HCI: Transcending Disciplinary and National Boundaries. In Interacting with Computers, 3 (2) pp. 232-240

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Mantei, Marilyn and Hewett, Thomas T. (1991): Report on the INTERACT'90 Workshop on Education in HCI: Transcending Disciplinary and National Boundaries. In ACM SIGCHI Bulletin, 23 (2) pp. 40-45

» 1990 «

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Hewett, Thomas T. (1990): Interface Design Considered as Failure Analysis. In: D., Woods, and E., Roth, (eds.) Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 34th Annual Meeting 1990, Santa Monica, USA. pp. 325-328.

This paper explores some of the implications of comparing interface design with engineering design, arguing that such a comparison has typically been more misleading than fruitful. The problem, however, lies not in the comparison but in the fact that the model of engineering design most often used is an idealized one which is not representative of the actual history of the process of engineering design. When engineering design is viewed from a more realistic perspective it can be seen that design failures are both inevitable and instructive. Similarly, it can be seen that interface design, human factors, and psychology in general are very often informed more by analysis of failure than by success.

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» 1989 «

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Hewett, Thomas T. (1989): Towards a Rapid Prototyping Environment for Interface Design: Desirable Features Suggested by the Electronic Spreadsheet. In: Sutcliffe, Alistair and Macauley, Linda (eds.) Proceedings of the Fifth Conference of the British Computer Society Human Computer Interaction Specialist Group - People and Computers V August 5-8, 1989, University of Nottingham, UK. pp. 305-314.

Despite the desirability of rapid prototyping to allow for empirical evaluation of interface design alternatives, a generic set of useful characteristics for an 'interface designer's interface' are not yet entirely clear. Based upon experiences using an electronic spreadsheet to develop user-oriented templates which model simple neural networks, this paper describes some advantages and limitations of an electronic spreadsheet as a rapid prototyping environment for development of those user interfaces. In addition to immediate feedback after changes, the advantages include a physical format which enhances the usability of the interface by aiding both designer and end-user in visualizing the model; a capacity for easy replication of neural models and their user interfaces so that different versions can be examined in parallel; and an environment for the modular development and testing of both interface and model prior to implementation in more powerful computational environments. The parallel between designing templates for interactive neural models and designing interactive interfaces in general suggests that several of these features are desirable characteristics which should be part of any rapid prototyping environment.

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Hewett, Thomas T. (1989): Towards a Generic Strategy for Empirical Evaluation of Interactive Computing Systems. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 33rd Annual Meeting 1989. pp. 259-263.

Increasingly, the design of interactive computing systems appears to be a process of iterative design and re-design. One important factor in successful iterative design is iterative evaluation -- evaluation as part of each design cycle. This paper argues that different evaluation-design cycles may require different types of methodologies and different types of questions or measures to fully satisfy differing evaluation goals. Furthermore, evaluation procedures and measures themselves need to be designed and re-designed, a process more easily accomplished during system development. Examples based upon design projects illustrate some of the ways in which the nature and uses of evaluation procedures and information may change in different cycles of iterative evaluation.

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» 1987 «

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Hewett, Thomas T. (1987): The Drexel Disk: An Electronic "Guidebook". In: Carroll, John M. and Tanner, Peter P. (eds.) Proceedings of the ACM CHI 87 Human Factors in Computing Systems Conference April 5-9, 1987, Toronto, Canada. pp. 115-129.

For four years, Drexel University has required entering freshmen to have access to a personal computer. One institutional need created by universal access to computers was that of establishing ways to introduce students to the uses and capabilities of their computers, to various aspects of instructional computing, and to related campus facilities. One part of the University-developed infrastructure of consulting, support, and training services is a Macintosh application, "The Drexel Disk." Taking advantage of the Macintosh interface and graphics capabilities, the Drexel Disk provides information about a variety of topics (e.g., an interactive campus map for locating microcomputing facilities, a database of hints about uses of the Macintosh, a case study based quiz on software piracy, etc.). Available to anyone at Drexel, version 2.5 of the Disk is, in effect, a user's "guidebook" to the microcomputer and the University in their relationship to each other. This paper reviews the history and rationale for development of the Drexel Disk. Along with a description of the content and structure of the Disk, the paper explores principles used in its design (e.g., use of graphics to represent spatial information, creation of effective recall cues to aid in location and retrieval of information, provision of multiple access paths to accommodate users with different skill levels, etc.). In addition, the paper addresses trade-offs made in balancing desirable features vs. resources and production deadlines, and describes user reactions to various features of the Disk. Finally, the paper reviews considerations underlying plans by the University's Office of Co-operative Education to develop a similar "guidebook" to assist students in optimizing their co-operative education experiences.

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Hewett, Thomas T. and Scott, Sari (1987): The Use of Thinking-Out-Loud and Protocol Analysis in Development of a Process Model of Interactive Database Searching. In: Bullinger, Hans-Jorg and Shackel, Brian (eds.) INTERACT 87 - 2nd IFIP International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction September 1-4, 1987, Stuttgart, Germany. pp. 51-56.

A variation of the "thinking-out-loud" and protocol analysis method of studying problem solving behavior was used to observe the interactive searching of experienced bibliographic database searchers. To control for the effects of different search problems, three different search requests were structured to represent major generic kinds of search problems. Analysis of pre-search protocols, on-line search transcripts, and post-search debriefings of nine searchers, three of whom were randomly assigned to each type of search request, revealed that, while there were differences in searcher behavior as a function of type of search problem, there were important similarities in searcher behavior. These similarities made it possible to develop a general characterization of the process of database searching. This process model was subsequently used to structure tutorial exercises used in training beginning searchers. These tutorial exercises were embedded in an on-line search assistance program. Evaluation studies conducted both on the training exercises and on the search assistance system as a whole supported the idea that the search process model developed through "thinking-out-loud" and protocol analysis was a reasonable representation of the search process and was useful in training searchers.

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Hewett, Thomas T. (1987): The Drexel Disk: An Electronic "Guidebook". In: Diaper, Dan and Winder, Russel (eds.) Proceedings of the Third Conference of the British Computer Society Human Computer Interaction Specialist Group - People and Computers III August 7-11, 1987, University of Exeter, UK. pp. 115-129.

For four years, Drexel University has required entering freshmen to have access to a personal computer. One institutional need created by universal access to computers was that of establishing ways to introduce students to the uses and capabilities of their computers, to various aspects of instructional computing, and to related campus facilities. One part of the University-developed infrastructure of consulting, support, and training services is a Macintosh application, "The Drexel Disk." Taking advantage of the Macintosh interface and graphics capabilities, the Drexel Disk provides information about a variety of topics (e.g., an interactive campus map for locating microcomputing facilities, a database of hints about uses of the Macintosh, a case study based quiz on software piracy, etc.). Available to anyone at Drexel, version 2.5 of the Disk is, in effect, a user's "guidebook" to the microcomputer and the University in their relationship to each other. This paper reviews the history and rationale for development of the Drexel Disk. Along with a description of the content and structure of the Disk, the paper explores principles used in its design (e.g., use of graphics to represent spatial information, creation of effective recall cues to aid in location and retrieval of information, provision of multiple access paths to accommodate users with different skill levels, etc.). In addition, the paper addresses trade-offs made in balancing desirable features vs. resources and production deadlines, and describes user reactions to various features of the Disk. Finally, the paper reviews considerations underlying plans by the University's Office of Co-operative Education to develop a similar "guidebook" to assist students in optimizing their co-operative education experiences.

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» 1986 «

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Hewett, Thomas T. and Meadow, Charles T. (1986): On Designing for Usability: An Application of Four Key Principles. In: Mantei, Marilyn and Orbeton, Peter (eds.) Proceedings of the ACM CHI 86 Human Factors in Computing Systems Conference April 13-17, 1986, Boston, Massachusetts. pp. 247-252.

In a recent paper, Gould and Lewis (1983a) argued for the importance of four key principles in computer system design. These principles are: early focus on users, interactive design, empirical measurement, and iterative design. Gould and Lewis also express their belief that these principles are essential to successful design and refer to an example of their use (Gould and Lewis, 1983b). It is the purpose of this paper to report another example of how these principles played a major role and proved their worth in the design of a successful system.

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Hewett, Thomas T. (1986): The Role of Iterative Evaluation in Designing Systems for Usability. In: Harrison, Michael D. and Monk, Andrew (eds.) Proceedings of the Second Conference of the British Computer Society Human Computer Interaction Specialist Group - People and Computers II August 23-26, 1986, University of York, UK. pp. 196-214.

Increasingly it appears that design of interactive computing systems should be an iterative process of design and re-design. One factor which appears to be a driving force in successful iterative design is iterative evaluation -- evaluation as part of each design cycle. One type of evaluation -- formative -- involves monitoring the process and products of system development and gathering user feedback for use in refinement and further system development. A second type of evaluation -- summative -- involves assessing the impact, usability and effectiveness of the system. Different cycles in the evaluation-design process require different types of evaluation, or require different mixes of the two. An extensive example illustrates some of the ways in which the nature and purposes of evaluation may change during different cycles of evaluation.

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Changes to this page (author)

16 Feb 2010: Enabled abstracts to be shown on Thomas T. Hewett's author page.
05 Jun 2009: Author was edited
29 May 2009: Author was edited
29 May 2009: Author was edited
25 Jul 2007: Author was edited
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28 Apr 2003: Added the author to the bibliography

Publication statistics

Publication period:1986-2008
Publication count:21
Number of co-authors:20



Productive colleagues

Thomas T. Hewett's 3 most productive colleagues in number of publications:

Stuart K. Card:68
Ronald M. Baecker:58
Jennifer J. Preece:45


Collaboration count

Number of publications with 3 favourite co-authors:

Marilyn Mantei:3
John Darzentas:2
Nadya Belov:2

 

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Mar 21

Software design is the act of determining the user's experience with a piece of software. It has nothing to do with how the code works inside, or how big or small the code is. The designer's task is to specify completely and unambiguously the user's whole experience.

-- David Liddle, From Bringing Design to Software, edited by Terry Winograd, 1996

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