Thomas B. Malone
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Publications by Thomas B. Malone (bibliography)
» 1994 «
Malone, Thomas B., Hofmann, Mark, Howell, William C. and Pew, Richard W. (1994): PRESIDENT'S FORUM: Discussion of Perspectives on Marketing of Human Factors in the Federal Government. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 38th Annual Meeting 1994. .
» 1993 «
Malone, Thomas B. (1993): Human Factors: The State of the State of the Art. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 37th Annual Meeting 1993. .
Heasly, Christopher C. and Malone, Thomas B. (1993): Integrated Decision/Engineering Aid (IDEA) -- Enhancements. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 37th Annual Meeting 1993. p. 1033.
“Integrated Decision/Engineering Aid (IDEA) incorporates a standard process and a set of automated tools to support the application of the Department of Defense's Human/System Integration (HSI) program, the Army's Manpower and Personnel Integration (MANPRINT) initiative and Human Factors Engineering (HFE) throughout the materiel development process. IDEA provides the HSI/HFE analyst with guidelines, data and tools to integrate HSI/HFE into the acquisition of: (a) non-developmental items (NDI), (b) product improvements, and (c) new system developments, focusing on the activities and products at each phase of the materiel acquisition process. The purpose of the session is to demonstrate how IDEA is utilized in the definition of the HSI/MANPRINT requirements in support of the system development/acquisition process. Emphasis will be placed on a review of the overall architecture, arrangement and organization of the modules, and on the recent additions and modifications.”
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» 1992 «
Heasly, Christopher C. and Malone, Thomas B. (1992): Integrated Decision/Engineering Aid (IDEA) -- Enhancements. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 36th Annual Meeting 1992. p. 1061.
“Integrated Decision/Engineering Aid (IDEA) incorporates a standard process and a set of automated tools to support the application of the DoDs Human/System Integration (HSI) program, the Army's Manpower and Personnel Integration (MANPRINT) initiative and Human Factors Engineering (HFE) throughout the materiel development process. IDEA provides the HSI/HFE analyst with guidelines data and tools to integrate HSI/HFE into the acquisition of: (a) non-developmental items (NDIs), (b) product improvements, and (c) new system developments, focusing on the activities and products at each phase of the materiel acquisition process. The purpose of the session is to demonstrate how IDEA is utilized in the definition of the HSI/MANPRINT requirements in support of the system development/acquisition process. Specifically, participants will have an opportunity to view the presenter operate the various components of IDEA. Emphasis will be placed on review of the overall architecture, arrangement and organization of the modules, and the recent additions/modifications. A handout identifying the objective(s) and product of each analysis, as well as the data requirements, will be made available to participants. From the demonstration and the handout participants will be familiar with the scope, capabilities and limitations of IDEA.”
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Malone, Thomas B., Heasly, Christopher C., Kirkpatrick, Mark, Perse, Randy M., Vingelis, Patricia J. and Welch, Daniel L. (1992): Human System Integration (HSI) and MANPRINT Requirements and Tools. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 36th Annual Meeting 1992. pp. 1128-1132.
“The U.S. Army Human Engineering Laboratory (USAHEL) approach to HSI in the early stages of materiel development is to base the process for accomplishing HSI/MANPRINT on the HFE front-end analysis methodology as described in MIL-H 46855B. The USAHEL under contract with Carlow International Incorporated is developing an HSI standardized and formalized process tied to the events, activities, products and milestones for all phases of the WSAP and incorporating a set of automated tools and information systems to support the application of the HSI process. The system, including the process, associated tools and information resources, have been designated the HSI Integrated Decision/Engineering Aid or IDEA. A major element of IDEA then is the standardized and formalized HSI process tied to the events, activities, products and milestones of each phase of the WSAP as directed in DoD 5000.1, 5000.2, and 5000.2M, and incorporating a set of automated tools to support the application of the HSI process. The HSI process architecture contained in IDEA is an interactive graphic which has the following characteristics: a) it is integrated with the WSAP activities, products and requirements for each WSAP phase; b) it defines and describes HSI activities, events, inputs/outputs, products and methods for each WSAP phase, and provides guidelines on the application of the activities and methods and on the contents and format of the products; c) it incorporates the tools required to apply the HSI methods and to accomplish the HSI activities; d) it is focused on personnel readiness and effectiveness requirements; e) it addresses the development of a new system, a non-development item (NDI), or product improvement; and f) it provides a formal mechanism for getting HSI issues and concerns addressed early in system acquisition.”
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» 1991 «
Malone, Thomas B. and Granda, Thomas M. (1991): The Potomac Chapter's Proactive Initiative. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 35th Annual Meeting 1991. pp. 1162-1163.
Malone, Thomas B., Heasly, Christopher C. and Perse, Randy M. (1991): Demonstration of the US Army Human Engineering Laboratory's HFE/MANPRINT IDEA (Integrated Decision/Engineering Aid). In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 35th Annual Meeting 1991. p. 1168.
Perse, Randy M., Callahan, Kathryn P. and Malone, Thomas B. (1991): Development of an AEGIS Combatant Integrated Survivability Management System (ISMS) Modeling Tool. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 35th Annual Meeting 1991. pp. 1201-1205.
» 1990 «
Malone, Thomas B. (1990): Human Factors and Human Error. In: D., Woods, and E., Roth, (eds.) Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 34th Annual Meeting 1990, Santa Monica, USA. pp. 651-654.
“One human factors method for reducing human errors involves investigation of critical incidents to understand the dynamics and etiology of human error. This paper focuses on the use of the critical incident approach to understanding human error. Specifically, the paper describes human error scenarios that occurred at Three Mile Island (TMI), Chernobyl, Bhopal, KAL-007, and the VINCENNES incident. All of the critical incidents of human error described were caused, to some extent, by human complacency with technology, by erroneous expectancies concerning what was going on in the system and in the world, and by deficiencies in the design of equipment and the training of personnel. The major lesson learned from these critical incidents is that, to avoid such disasters, complex systems must be designed in terms of the capabilities, limitations and requirements of the personnel who operate, manage, maintain or otherwise use them. Systems personnel must be considered to be an important component of the system, to be designed into the system rather than added on after system design is complete. These accidents happened because system designers failed to take into account the needs and limitations of people in the systems. Application of human factors technology in the design of complex systems will significantly reduce the potential for similar incidents occurring in the future.”
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Malone, Thomas B., Heasly, Christopher C. and Eike, David R. (1990): The Army MANPRINT IDEA (Integrated Decision/Engineering Aid). In: D., Woods, and E., Roth, (eds.) Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 34th Annual Meeting 1990, Santa Monica, USA. pp. 1113-1116.
Callahan, Kathryn Permenter, Baker, Clifford C., Malone, Thomas B. and Pearce, Franklin D. (1990): Application of Human Engineering to a Shipboard Damage Control Console. In: D., Woods, and E., Roth, (eds.) Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 34th Annual Meeting 1990, Santa Monica, USA. pp. 1158-1162.
Kirkpatrick, Mark, Malone, Thomas B., Heasly, Christopher C. and Baker, Clifford C. (1990): Manpower, Personnel, Training and Safety (MPTS) Simulation Tools: Network and Simulation for Workload Assessment and Modeling (SIMWAM). In: D., Woods, and E., Roth, (eds.) Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 34th Annual Meeting 1990, Santa Monica, USA. pp. 1219-1223.
» 1989 «
Heasly, Christopher C., Perse, Randy M., Malone, Thomas B. and Fleger, Stephen A. (1989): Riding Mower Control Placement Guideline Development. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 33rd Annual Meeting 1989. pp. 474-478.
“Accident investigations and subsequent hazard analysis studies of power mower accidents conducted by the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC), indicated that the current version of the American National Standard for Turf Care -- Equipment Power Lawn Mowers, Lawn and Garden Tractors, and Lawn Tractors -- Safety Specifications (ANSI/OPEI B71.1-l986) might benefit from review and/or revision. The analyses indicated control activation, placement and/or operation may have contributed to a number of the accidents reviewed. Accordingly, special emphasis was to be focused on review of Part 111: Ride-On Mowers, Lawn Tractors, and Lawn and Garden Tractors, paragraph 13., Controls. This paper describes the approach utilized in development of the inputs to update ANSI/OPEI B71.1-1086. Additionally, the paper describes a brief overview of the voluntary standard review/acceptance process.”
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Malone, Thomas B. (1989): Integrated Human Factors in the Naval Sea Systems Command. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 33rd Annual Meeting 1989. pp. 1039-1043.
“The Navy ship constitutes one of the most complex weapon systems in the US defense arsenal. It is a multi-personnel system which conducts multi-operations in multi-warfare environments (AAW, ASW, ASUW, EW and strike), as an independent combatant, a member of a squadron, or an element of a battle force. The demands on the ship design from a human factors point of view are unique in the breadth of their scope and the depth of requirements. This paper describes the status of the Integrated Human Factors Program in the Naval Sea Systems Command including the Program objectives, accomplishments, research thrusts, and plans.”
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Malone, Thomas B. (1989): MPTS Methodology in the Navy: Enhanced HARDMAN. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 33rd Annual Meeting 1989. pp. 1044-1048.
“Enhanced HARDMAN constitutes the Navy's implementation of the DoD Directive 5000.53 "Manpower, Personnel, Training and Safety (MPTS) in the Defense System Acquisition Process." Enhanced HARDMAN integrates the domains of human engineering, manpower, personnel and training (MPT), and life support and safety through: 1) a front-end analysis applicable to all domains and to the integration of domain requirements; 2) a consolidated data base applying to all domains; 3) acquisition of lessons learned for all domains; and 4) application of Enhanced HARDMAN measures of effectiveness and T&E activities addressing all domains. The elements of Enhanced HARDMAN are: a standardized and formalized Enhanced HARDMAN process addressing MPTS activities and products at each phase of the weapon system acquisition process; a consolidated Enhanced HARDMAN data base; automated Enhanced HARDMAN analysis tools; Enhanced HARDMAN analyst productivity tools; and a report generator for producing Enhanced HARDMAN plans and reports.”
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Malone, Thomas B., Eike, David R., Kirkpatrick, Mark, Heasly, Christopher C. and Westerman, Dean (1989): Integrated Engineering/Decision Aid (IDEA). In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 33rd Annual Meeting 1989. p. 1161.
“IDEA is an automated system, running on an Apple Macintosh under HyperCard, which provides the HFE/MANPRINT analyst a high-productivity mean of applying HFE/MANPRINT early in the materiel acquisition process and throughout a system's life cycle. MANPRINT is an Army initiative directed toward assuring total system effectiveness by the full and complete integration of system personnel considerations and requirements in system acquisition.”
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» 1988 «
Baker, Clifford, Eike, David R., Malone, Thomas B. and Peterson, Larry (1988): Update of DoD-HDBK-761: 'Human Engineering Guidelines for Management Information Systems'. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 32nd Annual Meeting 1988. pp. 335-339.
“DoD-HDBK-761 "Human Engineering Guidelines for Management Information Systems" was extensively updated and revised to reflect 1) significant changes in computing technology, including user interface techniques and display technology, and 2) recent user computer interface (UCI) design literature. The document was updated based on literature reviews, mail-out surveys of UCI designers and users, and interactive computer interviews (using question and answer dialog). The updated document contains two main sections. The first presents a general process for conducting UCI analysis, design, development, and evaluation activities. These activities include; conduct of system functions analysis, function allocation, user task analysis, user surveys, use of UCI prototypes, and product testing. The second section contains over 1000 human engineering guideline statements which can be applied to the detailed design of UCIs. The guideline section addresses dialog design, computer control, data entry and display, job performance aiding, expert systems interface design, and data communication and protection. This paper discusses the content and organization of the document.”
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Andrews, Phillip J., Malone, Thomas B., Permenter, Kathryn E. and Eike, David R. (1988): Human Factors in the Space and Naval Warfare Command: Display System Standardization. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 32nd Annual Meeting 1988. pp. 1090-1094.
“This paper describes the state and status of human factors within the Space and Naval Warfare Command (SPAWAR) by focusing on a major effort currently being pursued within SPAWAR, that of developing a standard workstation design concept for Navy applications. Human factors concerns were paramount in the assessment of requirements for a standardized workstation applicable to Navy-wide requirements. The major human factors concern was display usability.”
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Malone, Thomas B. and Baker, Clifford C. (1988): Human Factors for Naval Systems: Enhanced HARDMAN. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 32nd Annual Meeting 1988. pp. 1100-1103.
“The U.S. Navy is developing methods for integrating the disciplines concerned with personnel considerations into the weapon system acquisition process. This integration essentially involves human factors engineering, manpower, personnel and training, and life support engineering. Since the Navy already has the in system development, the process of integration of personnel issues will involve expanding the HARDMAN methods and data to include human factors engineering and life support engineering, resulting in the Enhanced HARDMAN process. This paper describes the objectives of Enhanced HARDMAN.”
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Malone, Thomas B., Baker, Clifford C. and Permenter, Kathryn E. (1988): Human Engineering in the Naval Sea Systems Command. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 32nd Annual Meeting 1988. pp. 1104-1107.
“This paper describes the status of human engineering in the Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA). NAVSEA has pursued four major thrusts in the development and application of human engineering technology: 1) human engineering research and development efforts, 2) human engineering front-end analysis, 3) human engineering audits as part of the Logistic Review Group (LRG) formal review of each program, and 4) ship and ship system engineering design and evaluation. This paper describes the progress that NAVSEA has made in each area.”
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Malone, Thomas B., Perse, Randy M., Heasly, Christopher C. and Kirkpatrick, Mark (1988): MANPRINT in the Program Initiation Phase of System Acquisition. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 32nd Annual Meeting 1988. pp. 1108-1112.
“For the U.S. Army Human Engineering Laboratory (USAHEL), Carlow Associates recently completed development of the MANPRINT Integrated Decision/Engineering Aid (IDEA) for the Program Initiation Phase of system development. The IDEA includes a standard MANPRINT process describing activities, events and products for the Phase, a decision aid and analyst's workstation to support the Program Initiation Phase. Specific tools included in IDEA are: 1) an early comparability analysis tool (ECA) which provides baseline system lessons learned and high MANPRINT drivers, 2) an automated task analysis tool, 3) an allocation of function tool which enables and supports the determination of the required role of the soldier in the system, and 4) a workload and human performance simulation tool based on a task network and probabilistic process variables. Efforts involved in the MANPRINT process development addressed the integration of the activities and products of Human Factors Engineering (HFE), Manpower, Personnel and Training (MPT), and System Safety (SS) and Health Hazard Assessment (HHA) with the activities of the Material Acquisition Process (MAP), and identification of MANPRINT technology requirements to support the application of this process.”
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Heasly, Christopher C., Permenter, Kathryn E., Malone, Thomas B., Baker, Clifford C. and Lawrence, Louis G. (1988): Determination of Program Initiation Phase MANPRINT Requirements for the Lighter, Amphibious Heavy-Lift (LAMP-H). In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 32nd Annual Meeting 1988. pp. 1113-1116.
“The objective of this paper is to describe the approach utilized in the development of MANPRINT requirements for the Lighter, Amphibious-Heavy Lift (LAMP-H). LAMP-H is an air cushioned vehicle with a crew of six: a pilot, a navigator, and four stevedores who load and unload equipment from the vessel. The project was initiated during the program initiation phase of development. Several types of Air Cushion Vehicle (ACV) lighter craft were evaluated as baseline comparison systems for LAMP-H. The effort involved insuring compliance with human engineering design criteria and practice, incorporating lessons learned from analogous air-cushioned vehicles lighter craft, and addressing habitability, noise and other design issues affecting crew performance of tasks critical to the operation and maintenance of the LAMP-H. This paper details the analyses and techniques implemented in the early phases of the weapon system acquisition process for designing improved soldier-machine systems, as well as the products of the effort.”
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» 1987 «
Permenter, Kathryn E., Fleger, Stephen A. and Malone, Thomas B. (1987): Advanced Human Factors Engineering Tool Technologies. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 31st Annual Meeting 1987. pp. 345-349.
“This paper presents the results of a study to identify the human factors engineering (HFE) technologies or tools presently used, and projected for use, by HFE specialists. Both traditional and advanced tools were candidates for inclusion in the study, although emphasis of the study was placed on advanced computer applications. Human factors practitioners representing the government, academia and private industry were surveyed to identify those tools most frequently used or viewed as most important for conducting HFE related work. If advanced tool capabilities did not meet existing job requirements, the specialists identified the types of tools they would like to see developed to fill the existing technology gaps. To facilitate the inclusion of new technologies as they become available, and to aid in the search and retrieval of a tool's capabilities, information obtained on the tools was entered into a database. The survey resulted in the identification of 88 advanced tools. The results of the study suggest that although a large number of tools presently exist that are capable of supporting human factors specialists in their profession, the HFE community needs additional tools, especially those configured to run on a desktop microcomputer. Future emphasis in tool development should focus on expert systems, human factors database compendiums, computer-assisted design (CAD) applications, workload prediction tools, and automated task analysis programs.”
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Mar 21st, 2010
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