Susan M. Dray

Has also published under the name of:
"S. Dray" and "Susan Dray"


Personal Homepage:
http://www.dray.com
Current place of employment:
Dray & Associates, Inc.

Since 1979, Dr. Susan M. Dray has worked in the field of human factors to increase the quality and intuitiveness of user interface designs for users around the world. She has worked as both an internal and external consultant, and combines expertise in interface evaluation, usability evaluation, and contextual and ethnographic research with a cross-cultural and organizational perspective.

As President of Dray & Associates, Inc., she consults internationally on interface design and usability. She has evaluated and helped redesign user interfaces for all types of websites, desktop and Web applications, as well as both hardware and software consumer products and technical equipment. She specializes in international user studies, and has conducted user research in 20 countries.

A pioneer in Human-Computer Interaction, she was Director of Human Factors at IDS [now American Express Financial Advisors], where, in 1988, she developed one of the first corporate usability labs outside the computer industry. Previously, at Honeywell, she was involved in evaluating usability of consumer product hardware and software, as well as military technologies.

Dr. Dray is a leader in the Human Factors profession nationally and internationally. She has given over 100 talks at conferences and symposia in the U.S., Europe, and Australia, including the invited the Keynote address at the 2nd South African Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, in Pretoria, South Africa in September, 2001, the annual conference of the South African Institute of Computer Scientists and Information Technologists (SAICSIT) in 2002, and the Asia-Pacific Conference on Computer-Human Interaction (AP-CHI) in 2004. In addition, she has published numerous papers and book chapters. She was elected a Fellow of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society and has chaired both the Organizational Design and Management Technical Group and the Computer Systems Technical Group of this same organization, as well as the Computers and Communications Scientific and Technical Committee of the International Ergonomics Association. Dr. Dray has been the North American editor of the prestigious international journal Behaviour and Information Technology, and the editor of the Business column of the Association for Computing Machinery's magazine interactions.

Dr. Dray received her doctorate in Psychology from UCLA (1980) and is a Board Certified Human Factors Professional

Publications by Susan M. Dray (bibliography)

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» 2009 «

Sambasivan, Nithya, Ho, Melissa, Kam, Matthew, Kodagoda, Neesha, Dray, Susan M., Thomas, John C., Light, Ann and Toyama, Kentaro (2009): Human-centered computing in international development. In: Proceedings of ACM CHI 2009 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems 2009. pp. 4745-4750. Available online

» 2008 «

Thomas, John, Dearden, Andy, Dray, Susan M., Light, Ann, Best, Michael, Arkin, Nuray, Maunder, Andrew, Kam, Mathew, Chetty, Marshini, Sambasivan, Nithya, Buckhalter, Celeste and Krishnan, Gaurishankar (2008): HCI for community and international development. In: Proceedings of ACM CHI 2008 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems April 5-10, 2008. pp. 3909-3912. Available online

» 2007 «

Dray, Susan M. and Siegel, David A. (2007): Dealing with the Challenges of Interpreting International User Research. In: Stephanidis, Constantine (ed.) UAHCI 2007 - 4th International Conference on Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction - Part 1 July 22-27, 2007, Beijing, China. pp. 75-81. Available online

Aykin, Nuray M., chavan, apala lahiri, Dray, Susan M. and Prabhu, Girish V. (2007): Panel Discussion: Global Innovative Design for Social Change. In: Aykin, Nuray M. (ed.) UI-HCII 2007 - Second International Conference on Usability and Internationalization - Part I July 22-27, 2007, Beijing, China. pp. 3-9. Available online

Siegel, David A. and Dray, Susan M. (2007): Contextual User Research for International Software Design. In: Aykin, Nuray M. (ed.) UI-HCII 2007 - Second International Conference on Usability and Internationalization - Part II July 22-27, 2007, Beijing, China. pp. 266-273. Available online

Best, Mike, Dearden, Andrew M., Dray, Susan M., Light, Ann, Thomas, John C., Buckhalter, Celeste, Greenblatt, Dan, Krishnan, Shanks and Sambasivan, Nithya (2007): Sharing Perspectives on Community-Centered Design and International Development. In: Baranauskas, Maria Cecília Calani, Palanque, Philippe A., Abascal, Julio and Barbosa, Simone Diniz Junqueira (eds.) DEGAS 2007 - Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Design and Evaluation of e-Government Applications and Services September 11th, 2007, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. pp. 696-697. Available online

Dearden, Andrew M., Dunckley, Lynne, Best, Mike, Dray, Susan M., Light, Ann and Thomas, John C. (2007): Socially Responsible Design in the Context of International Development. In: Baranauskas, Maria Cecília Calani, Palanque, Philippe A., Abascal, Julio and Barbosa, Simone Diniz Junqueira (eds.) DEGAS 2007 - Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Design and Evaluation of e-Government Applications and Services September 11th, 2007, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. pp. 694-695. Available online

Dray, Susan M. and Siegel, David A. (2007): Understanding Users In Context: An In-Depth Introduction to Fieldwork for User Centered Design. In: Baranauskas, Maria Cecília Calani, Palanque, Philippe A., Abascal, Julio and Barbosa, Simone Diniz Junqueira (eds.) DEGAS 2007 - Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Design and Evaluation of e-Government Applications and Services September 11th, 2007, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. pp. 712-713. Available online

» 2006 «

Siegel, David A., Reid, Bill and Dray, Susan M. (2006): IT security: protecting organizations in spite of themselves. In Interactions, 13 (3) pp. 20-27

» 2005 «

Siegel, David A. and Dray, Susan M. (2005): Avoiding the next schism: ethnography and usability. In Interactions, 12 (2) pp. 58-61

Dray, Susan M., Karat, Clare-Marie, Rosenberg, Daniel, Siegel, David A. and Wixon, Dennis (2005): Is ROI an effective approach for persuading decision-makers of the value of user-centered design?. In: Proceedings of ACM CHI 2005 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems 2005. pp. 1168-1169. Available online

» 2004 «

Dray, Susan M. and Siegel, David A. (2004): Remote possibilities?: international usability testing at a distance. In Interactions, 11 (2) pp. 10-17

» 2003 «

Siegel, David A. and Dray, Susan M. (2003): Living on the edges: user-centered design and the dynamics of specialization in organizations. In Interactions, 10 (5) pp. 18-27

Dray, Susan M. (2003): Usable for the World: A Practical Guide to International User Studies. In: Evers, Vanessa, Röse, Kerstin, Honold, Pia, Coronado, José and Day, Donald L. (eds.) Designing for Global Markets 5 - IWIPS 2003 - Fifth International Workshop on Internationalisation of Products and Systems 17-19 July, 2003, Berlin, Germany. pp. 291-292.

Dray, Susan M. and Siegel, David A. (2003): Addressing the Digital Divide through User-Centered Design. In: Evers, Vanessa, Röse, Kerstin, Honold, Pia, Coronado, José and Day, Donald L. (eds.) Designing for Global Markets 5 - IWIPS 2003 - Fifth International Workshop on Internationalisation of Products and Systems 17-19 July, 2003, Berlin, Germany. pp. 177-188.

» 2002 «

Dray, Susan M., Siegel, David A., Feldman, E. and Potenza, M. (2002): Why do version 1.0 and not release it?: Conducting field trials of the tablet PC. In Interactions, 9 (2) pp. 11-16

» 2001 «

Dray, Susan M. and Siegel, David A. (2001): The past recaptured: in search of lost paradigms. In Behaviour and Information Technology, 20 (5) pp. 315-321

Frohlich, David M., Dray, Susan M. and Silverman, Amy (2001): Breaking Up is Hard to Do: Family Perspectives on the Future of the Home PC. In International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 54 (5) pp. 701-724

Day, Donald and Dray, Susan M. (2001): Business: Learning the ropes of conference and meeting organization. In Interactions, 8 (3) pp. 43-45

Dray, Susan M. (2001): Business: "where do I start?". In Interactions, 8 (5) pp. 25-28

Dray, Susan M. (2001): Business: going global with the product design process: does it make sense?. In Interactions, 8 (6) pp. 21-26

Muller, Michael J., Christiansen, Ellen, Nardi, Bonnie A. and Dray, Susan M. (2001): Spiritual life and information technology. In Communications of the ACM, 44 (3) pp. 82-83

» 2000 «

Dray, Susan M. (2000): Business: thoughts from 35,000 feet: the evolving real-world context of user centered design. In Interactions, 7 (3) pp. 21-26

» 1999 «

Dray, Susan M. and Siegel, David A. (1999): Business: penny-wise, pound-wise: making smart trade-offs in planning usability studies. In Interactions, 6 (3) pp. 25-30

» 1998 «

Dray, Susan M. and Siegel, David A. (1998): Business: User-Centered Design and the "Vision Thing". In Interactions, 5 (2) pp. 16-20

» 1997 «

Millen, David R. and Dray, Susan M. (1997): Job Transformation in the Age of the Net. In Interactions, 4 (2) pp. 13-18

» 1996 «

Dray, Susan M. (1996): Designing for the Rest of the World: A Consultant's Observation. In Interactions, 3 (2) pp. 15-18

» 1995 «

Dray, Susan M. (1995): The Importance of Designing Usable Systems. In Interactions, 2 (1) pp. 17-20

Dray, Susan M. (1995): Global Goes GUI: A Case Study of the Introduction of User-Centered Design. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 39th Annual Meeting 1995. pp. 844-848.

» 1993 «

Dayton, Tom, Barr, Bob, Burke, Pamela A., Cohill, Andrew M., Day, Mary Carol, Dray, Susan M., Ehrlich, Kate, Fitzsimmons, Lynne Axel, Henneman, Richard L., Hornstein, Susan B., Karat, John and Kliger, Jill (1993): Skills Needed by User-Centered Design Practitioners in Real Software Development Environments: Report on the CHI'92 Workshop. In ACM SIGCHI Bulletin, 25 (3) pp. 16-31

McCrobie, Daniel, Robertson, Michelle, Dray, Susan M., Hedge, Alan, O'Neill, Michael J. and Cornell, Paul (1993): The Big Picture in Office Design. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 37th Annual Meeting 1993. pp. 474-478.

Dray, Susan M., Dayton, Tom, Mrazek, Deb, Muckler, Frederick A. and Rafield, Mike (1993): Making Human Factors Usable. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 37th Annual Meeting 1993. pp. 863-866.

» 1992 «

Eoyang, Glenda H. and Dray, Susan M. (1992): "It's Not Supposed to Work that Way!": Applying Chaos Science to Work in Organizations. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 36th Annual Meeting 1992. pp. 848-850.

Dray, Susan M. and George, Debra S. (1992): Looking Back for the Future: Learnings about User-Centered Design. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 36th Annual Meeting 1992. pp. 872-874.

Albin, Thomas, Dray, Susan M., Larson, Nancy, Nagamachi, Mitsuo and Neese, Regina (1992): Scenes from the Front Line: Implementing Ergonomics in Organizations. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 36th Annual Meeting 1992. p. 875.

» 1990 «

Nielsen, Jakob, Dray, Susan M., Foley, James D., Walsh, Paul and Wright, Peter C. (1990): Usability Engineering on a Budget. In: Diaper, Dan, Gilmore, David J., Cockton, Gilbert and Shackel, Brian (eds.) INTERACT 90 - 3rd IFIP International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction August 27-31, 1990, Cambridge, UK. pp. 1067-1070.

» 1989 «

Dray, Susan M., Davis-Coury, Lane, Hedge, Alan, Imada, Andrew, McGee, Jeninne, Robertson, Michelle and Wilson, John (1989): Recycling "Ergonomic" Tools for "Macroergonomic" Use. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 33rd Annual Meeting 1989. p. 830.

» 1988 «

Dray, Susan M. (1988): Critical Linkages: Top Management's Role in Making Technology Work. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 32nd Annual Meeting 1988. pp. 751-754.

Dray, Susan M., Hopelain, David, Imada, Andrew, Kling, Rob, Mallott, Betty, Robertson, Michelle and Taylor, James (1988): Putting It in Perspective: Different Disciplines' Approaches to Managing Technologically-Stimulated Change. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 32nd Annual Meeting 1988. p. 765.

» 1987 «

Dray, Susan M. (1987): Getting the Baby into the Bathwater: Putting Organizational Planning into the Systems Design Process. In: Bullinger, Hans-Jorg and Shackel, Brian (eds.) INTERACT 87 - 2nd IFIP International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction September 1-4, 1987, Stuttgart, Germany. pp. 793-797.

Hoffman, Mark S., Bachert, Robert F., Alluisi, Earl A., Dray, Susan M., Gallaway, Glen R., Gatchell, Susanne M. and Hendrick, Hal W. (1987): Achievement of Organizational Effectiveness: Success Cases and Challenges for the Future of Human Factors. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 31st Annual Meeting 1987. pp. 1234-1235.

Changes to this page (author)

17 Feb 2010: Enabled abstracts to be shown on Susan M. Dray's author page.
17 Aug 2009: Author was edited