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Stephen Gibbons

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Publications by Stephen Gibbons (bibliography)

1989

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Thomas, Margaret, Gilson, Richard, Ziulkowski, Sharon and Gibbons, Stephen (1989): Short-Term Memory Demands in Processing Synthetic Speech. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 33rd Annual Meeting 1989. pp. 239-241.

“The purpose of the present experiment was to investigate the demands placed on the short term memory system by synthetic speech. We compared performance in a typical auditory short term memory task as a function of whether the items were presented by a human voice or by a text-to-speech computer voice generator. Immediate serial recall of digit strings was significantly poorer when presented by synthetic speech than when presented by natural speech. The results are consistent with the idea that comprehension of synthetic speech imposes increased resource demands on the short term memory system.”

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Gibbons, Stephen and Singer, Michael J. (1989): Evaluation of Decision Aids for Training Device Design. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 33rd Annual Meeting 1989. p. 1294.

“Newly developed cost and training effectiveness models are being used by training developers to control costs and to insure systematic training device design. The problem for the user is how to select the appropriate design aid. Unfortunately, there are no quick objective methods on which to base this selection. The selection decision for a particular application can be made based on three issues. The first issue is how the design aid addresses device instructional and fidelity features. The second issue is how the design aid formalizes the device design decision process. The third issue is to compare the systems on their ease of implementation. Two decision aids are analytically evaluated on their approach to training device design: OSBATS (Optimization of Simulation Based Training Systems), which is in prototype development, and ASTAR (Automated Simulator Test and Assessment Routine), which is ready to be fielded. These decision aids are based on differing theoretical approaches to formalizing training device design. OSBATS's taxonomy of fidelity features relates instructional features to individual tasks. OSBATS contains a tradeoff function which uses historical cost and benefit values for individual features. It uses large amounts of detailed information to drive its algorithms. ASTAR is a management tool which organizes the diverse interests of a design group to address design issues. ASTAR obtains judgments about instructional approach and device similarity for each training objective. ASTAR facilitates communication between members of a design team and insures a consensus on the issues.”

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