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Sheryl L. Chappell

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Publications by Sheryl L. Chappell (bibliography)

2011

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Valimont, R. Brian and Chappell, Sheryl L. (2011): Look where i'm going and go where i'm looking: camera-up map for unmanned aerial vehicles. In: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Human Robot Interaction 2011. pp. 275-276.

“To optimize UAV reconnaissance operations, direction of viewing and direction of travel must be allowed to diverge. Our challenge was to design a control and display strategy to allow the operator to easily look where they're going, go where they're looking, and look and go in different directions. Two methods of control were devised to align traveling forward, viewing forward and commanding forward. The operator can command the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to turn to the camera direction or command the camera to point in line with the direction of travel (eyes forward). We have also introduced a new camera-up map orientation. The operator can easily cycle through North-up, track-up, and camera-up to provide the best link between the exo-centric and ego-centric frames of reference. Ego-centric and exo-centric perspectives allow the operator to combine or separate the vehicle's movement and the camera's view to optimize the search task while maintaining situation awareness of flight hazards.”

1987

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Chappell, Sheryl L., Scott, Barry C. and Billings, Charles E. (1987): Information Transfer in Pilots' Use of a Collision Avoidance System. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 31st Annual Meeting 1987. pp. 428-431.

“This paper describes a study of pilots' use of the Traffic-alert and Collision Avoidance System. Three levels of information on the location of other air traffic were presented to different groups of airline pilots. (These levels represent the approaches taken by several airlines who have installed the collision avoidance system for an in-service evaluation.) Current airline flight crews flew a Boeing 727 simulator for eight flights with a set of encounters with other aircrafts. To ensure safe separation from the approaching aircraft, the collision avoidance system commands a climb, a descent, or a reduction in rate of climb or descent. Aircraft separation was effective when the system was in use; no aircraft came within 200 feet vertically and 1000 feet horizontally. No measure of response time showed performance effects across display conditions. Response accuracy, as measured by the overshoot in rate of climb or descent, was significant: the mean for condition 1 (no traffic information) was 2246 feet/minute, condition 2 1220 feet/minute, and condition 3 1304 feet/minute (F=4.57, df=2,64, p <.05). However, there were no resultant difference in the amount of altitude change. No learning effects were observed. Differences in flight experience did not contribute to the performance difference found. The results of this research represent pilot behavior when introduced to the Traffic-alert and Collision Avoidance System. The findings of this program also have more fundamental importance in addressing how much and in what manner information should be presented to flight crews.”

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