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Robin Martin-Emerson

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Publications by Robin Martin-Emerson (bibliography)

1995

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Martin-Emerson, Robin and Kramer, Arthur F. (1995): Capture of Attention by Visual Onsets. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 39th Annual Meeting 1995. pp. 1385-1389.

“The appearance of a new object within a multiple item display has been shown to capture attention in a stimulus-driven manner. Capture may be either beneficial or detrimental to performance depending on whether the new object is a target or distractor. In the present study we show that the ability of new objects to capture attention is mediated by the number of objects that change or morph. This finding establishes a boundary condition of the phenomena of attentional capture and has implications for the design of complex displays.”

1992

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Martin-Emerson, Robin and Wickens, Christopher D. (1992): The Vertical Visual Field and Implications for the Head-Up Display. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 36th Annual Meeting 1992. pp. 1408-1412.

“The present study evaluated dual-task performance as a function of the vertical separation between a tracking task and a discrete-response task, to provide data relevant to the positioning of aircraft head-up display (HUD) information. The data were consistent with Sanders' (1970) research on visual scanning where a nonlinear decrease in performance as a function of the horizontal separation between two displays was observed. Performance is equivalent across a range of visual angles from superimposition to 6.4{deg} vertical separation between displays. The cost to performance is increased for moderate vertical separations (9.6{deg} to 22.5{deg}) where visual scanning is required. At larger separations, the performance cost increases linearly with visual angle, where head movements may begin to supplement eye movements in order to access information. The function which describes the cost of vertical separation was observed to be larger at both small and moderate visual angles when the information in the two displays required integration. The data suggest that nonconformal HUD information may be placed a few degrees down from a superimposed position without a significant performance loss.”

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