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Renei J. Stout

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Publications by Renei J. Stout (bibliography)

1994

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Stout, Renei J. (1994): Investigating the Unique Contribution of Feedback in Teams: Implications For Training. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 38th Annual Meeting 1994. pp. 1193-1194.

“The vital role played by teams in modern society has become unquestionable. Therefore, it is crucial that viable training technologies are developed and applied to teams. One concept or training technique that has been studied extensively, though in the area of individual skills training and performance, is feedback. Within this arena, feedback has been investigated across a wide variety of task complexes, and it has been generally accepted from this body of research that feedback is beneficial. However, there is a dearth of empirical research on the effects of feedback on team performance. consequently, several questions related to the provision of feedback in teams remain. For example, it is unknown what type and what degree of conceptual training is required to "set the stage" such that trainees are able to appropriately interpret feedback and effectively incorporate the feedback into their subsequent performance. Further, it is uncertain what effect established goals, and particularly, potential conflicting goals may have on how trainees interpret and utilize feedback that they are given. In addition, it is critical to determine what the nature of feedback should be. At one end of the spectrum, one can focus on providing performance outcome feedback, such as informing team members of both individual and team level error. At the other end of this continuum, one can focus on providing feedback on the team processes that enabled the team to attain a given level of performance. Given the variety of team tasks, environments, structures, and stages of development of teams that exist, research is needed to determine how best to combine and to link outcome-type feedback and process feedback to minimize potential confusions, conflicts, and/or trade-offs in accomplishing individual level and team level performance and to optimize overall team effectiveness. The present symposium attempts to begin to address these questions, by providing both theoretical perspectives, as well as empirical findings.”

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