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ReferencesNavigation arrowAuthorsNavigation arrowR. J. Edwards
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R. J. Edwards

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Publications by R. J. Edwards (bibliography)

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1994
 
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Edwards, R. J. and Streets, D. F. (1994): A Mobile Reconfigurable Crewstation -- MRCS. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 38th Annual Meeting 1994. p. 984.

“The Centre for Human Sciences has designed and produced a mobile reconfigurable crewstation -- MRCS -- which is used to investigate the human factors impact of emerging military technology in an operational setting. The crewstation comprises a reinforced fibreglass shell mounted upon a wheeled utility base vehicle. This allows the system to be used on military training areas and public roads. The crewstation can be configured for 2 or 3 crewmen in variable positional arrangements. Each workstation is equipped with reclinable seats, all round optical vision and a conventional cathode ray tube display. This can show images from a vehicle borne mast mounted steerable sensor package which comprises a thermal imager and a daylight camera. The designated "command" crewstation is further equipped with a stabilised panoramic sight. The "co-command" workstation is equipped with a fully validated driving simulator which is takes its input from the base vehicle driving controls. An Apple Macintosh IIfx computer hosts a raster scan map installed into a SuperCard environment. Map representation is on an active matrix, colour, flat panel, LCD screen. This allows either crewman access to the system, and permits map orientation to any preferred position. A simulated global positioning system is also available. Crew activities are recorded onto a micro-computer by an observer in the crewstation, or onto video. Communications may also be recorded. The MRCS has been used in proving trials lasting over 24 hours, and in studies investigating the use, and elucidating any operating difficulties of "electronic maps". The system will be used in studies supporting research for the British Army's next generation of vehicles.”

© All rights reserved Edwards and Streets and/or Human Factors Society

 
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Edwards, R. J., Streets, D. F. and Bond, G. (1994): The Effects of Back Angle on Target Detection. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 38th Annual Meeting 1994. pp. 1252-1255.

“It is suggested that crew members of future armoured vehicles will be reclined. However, information relating to task performance when reclined for prolonged (i.e. >30 minutes) periods is limited. This study has investigated the effects of prolonged reclining on a simple target detection task. Twelve subjects undertook four separate seventy minute studies in the upright (control) seated posture or reclined, with head support, at 25{deg}, 45{deg}, and 65{deg} from the vertical. Subjects viewed a model scrubland scene, with light emitting diodes hidden behind the scrub, through seven vision blocks which covered a 300{deg} field of view. During the first 10 minutes subjects responded to a sequence of 32 randomly distributed signals of 4 seconds length, with 15 seconds between each signal. They rested for 50 minutes before repeating the 10 minute test epoch. Measurements taken were number of responses, body part discomfort, sleepiness and Stress and Arousal Checklist, and were analyzed using Analysis of Variance. Percentage targets detected significantly reduced with back angle, with the greatest reduction being in the subjects' frontal arc. General body and neck discomfort and sleepiness significantly increased with back angle. Reported stress significantly increased and arousal decreased, but only between 0{deg} and 65{deg}. There was no significant time effect. Possible explanations for the results are that the chair and posture inhibited freedom and ease of movement, or that increased discomfort at the more acute angles may have resulted in an altered searching behaviour. Whatever the mechanism this study has shown that reclined postures may significantly impair the performance of an all-round surveillance task, particularly at the more acute back angles.”

© All rights reserved Edwards et al. and/or Human Factors Society

 
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Changes to this page (author)

26 Jun 2007: Modified
26 Jun 2007: Added

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URL: http://www.interaction-design.org/references/authors/r__j__edwards.html
Jun 20

“ ...that strange new zone between medium and message. That zone we call the interface ”

-- Steven Johnson, 1997

 
 

Featured chapter

Read the fascinating history of Wearable Computing, told by its father, Steve Mann

Read Steve's chapter !

 
 

Latest books

The Social Design of Technical Systems: Building technologies for communities
by Brian Whitworth and Adnan Ahmad

 
Start reading

The Encyclopedia of Human-Computer Interaction, 2nd Ed.
by Mads Soegaard and Rikke Friis Dam

 
Start reading
 
 

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