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ReferencesNavigation arrowAuthorsNavigation arrowR. B. Stammers

Publication statistics

Pub. period:1990-1995
Pub. count:4
Number of co-authors:8



Co-authors

Number of publications with 3 favourite co-authors:

Christopher Baber:2
R. G. Taylor:1
J. Hoffman:1

 

 

Productive colleagues

R. B. Stammers's 3 most productive colleagues in number of publications:

Christopher Baber:53
S. J. Westerman:6
R. G. Taylor:1
 
 
 
Jun 18

“ Computer programs emerge as the outcome of complex human processes of cognition, communication and negotiation, which serve to establish the meaningful embedding of the computer system in its intended use context. ”

-- Floyd, 1992, p. 24

 
 

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R. B. Stammers

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Publications by R. B. Stammers (bibliography)

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1995
 
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Westerman, S. J., Davies, D. R., Glendon, A. I., Stammers, R. B. and Matthews, G. (1995): Age and Cognitive Ability as Predictors of Computerized Information Retrieval. In Behaviour and Information Technology, 14 (5) pp. 313-326.

“This paper presents an empirical investigation of age and cognitive ability as predictors of computerized information retrieval. Upon the basis of age-related changes in cognitive ability, hypotheses were generated relating to the effects of database structure (linear, hierarchical, or network) and node selection method (explicit or embedded menu). In keeping with previous research in other areas of human-computer interaction, there was a significant main effect of age, with older subjects performing more slowly. However, interactive effects of 'question block' indicated that older subjects were at a particular disadvantage in the early stages of task performance. Age differences in processing speed and/or psychomotor skill appeared to be a particularly important factor. Whilst the effects of cognitive ability were generally weak, spatial memory and logical reasoning scores were negatively correlated with information retrieval response times. Although interactions were not significant, trends in the data for all dependent measures suggested that older subjects may be at a disadvantage when using a network structure.”

© All rights reserved Westerman et al. and/or Taylor and Francis

1991
 
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Stammers, R. B. and Hoffman, J. (1991): Transfer between Icon Sets and Ratings of Icon Concreteness and Appropriateness. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 35th Annual Meeting 1991. pp. 354-358.

“Two studies are reported of the usability of icons. Firstly, an experiment was carried out to investigate the transfer of performance between sets of icons for different computer functions. The aim was to determine whether users would benefit from common underlying elements within concrete icon sets, compared with unrelated abstract icons. A cross-over study was employed whereby subjects performed an icon identification task with one set of icons (a concrete or abstract learning set) and then transferred to another set of icons (a concrete or abstract transfer set). It was hypothesized that transferring from concrete to concrete icons would yield the best results due to the use of repeated elements in the concrete sets. Identification time data did not produce significant results to support the hypothesis. Significant results were yielded from the error data, this demonstrated the superiority of concrete icons, but no advantage came from previous experience with a concrete set. A second study examined the rating of the icons used in the first study in terms of concreteness and appropriateness. Appropriateness was found to be a reasonable predictor of icon identification time.”

© All rights reserved Stammers and Hoffman and/or Human Factors Society

1990
 
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Baber, Christopher, Stammers, R. B. and Usher, D. M. (1990): Instructions and Demonstration as Media for Training New Users of Automatic Speech Recognition Devices. In Behaviour and Information Technology, 9 (5) pp. 371-379.

“Although automatic speech recognition (ASR) can provide a medium of controlling computers which is relatively easy to use, novice users often have problems with it during their initial practices. In this study, two methods for training subjects to use ASR are compared. One group of subjects received a short demonstration given by an experienced ASR user and the other group received verbal instructions on how to use the device. The results show that subjects given a demonstration achieved better performance than those given instructions (p<0.005). This is explained by virtue of the fact that the successful use of ASR requires procedural knowledge which is better acquired through some form of practice than through instruction. It is concluded that a demonstration provides 'practice by proxy'. 'Task like' forms of enrollment are discussed. It is suggested that although they can provide the possibility of practice, they are not applicable to all types of ASR use. A demonstration provides users with task familiarization, and an appropriate style of speech.”

© All rights reserved Baber et al. and/or Taylor and Francis

 
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Baber, Christopher, Stammers, R. B. and Taylor, R. G. (1990): Feedback Requirements for Automatic Speech Recognition in Control Room Systems. In: Diaper, Dan, Gilmore, David J., Cockton, Gilbert and Shackel, Brian (eds.) INTERACT 90 - 3rd IFIP International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction August 27-31, 1990, Cambridge, UK. pp. 761-766.

“Previous research into feedback requirements for users of ASR has tended to concentrate on verbal feedback: presented via text or via synthetic speech. In control room systems, auditory feedback is not viable for ASR, and textual feedback is potentially problematic. To counter these problems, feedback could be presented using symbols on existing displays. In this study, textual and symbolic feedback are compared for an error detection task, one of the prime uses of feedback for ASR. It was found that although performance using symbolic feedback did improve over time, it was significantly lower than that for textual feedback. Further, the type of symbol used also effected performance. Therefore for error detection at least, textual feedback is preferable to symbolic feedback. However, the role of symbolic feedback in more direct task control is yet to be explored.”

© All rights reserved Baber et al. and/or North-Holland

 
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Changes to this page (author)

26 Jun 2007: Modified
28 Apr 2003: Added

Page Information

Page maintainer: The Editorial Team
URL: http://www.interaction-design.org/references/authors/r__b__stammers.html

Publication statistics

Pub. period:1990-1995
Pub. count:4
Number of co-authors:8



Co-authors

Number of publications with 3 favourite co-authors:

Christopher Baber:2
R. G. Taylor:1
J. Hoffman:1

 

 

Productive colleagues

R. B. Stammers's 3 most productive colleagues in number of publications:

Christopher Baber:53
S. J. Westerman:6
R. G. Taylor:1
 
 
 
Jun 18

“ Computer programs emerge as the outcome of complex human processes of cognition, communication and negotiation, which serve to establish the meaningful embedding of the computer system in its intended use context. ”

-- Floyd, 1992, p. 24

 
 

Featured chapter

Read the fascinating history of Wearable Computing, told by its father, Steve Mann

Read Steve's chapter !

 
 

Latest books

The Social Design of Technical Systems: Building technologies for communities
by Brian Whitworth and Adnan Ahmad

 
Start reading

The Encyclopedia of Human-Computer Interaction, 2nd Ed.
by Mads Soegaard and Rikke Friis Dam

 
Start reading
 
 

Help us help you!

 
 
 
 
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