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Norman Alm

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Norman Alm

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Publications by Norman Alm (bibliography)

» 2008 «

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Rice, Mark and Alm, Norman (2008): Designing new interfaces for digital interactive television usable by older adults. In Computers in Entertainment, 6 (1)

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Alm, Norman and Newell, Alan F. (2008): Creating Innovative Partnerships with Users in Developing Assistive Technology. In: Miesenberger, Klaus, Klaus, Joachim, Zagler, Wolfgang L. and Karshmer, Arthur I. (eds.) ICCHP 2008 - Computers Helping People with Special Needs - 11th International Conference July 9-11, 2008, Linz, Austria. pp. 130-137. Available online

» 2007 «

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Rice, Mark and Alm, Norman (2007): Sociable TV: Exploring User-Led Interaction Design for Older Adults. In: Cesar, Pablo, Chorianopoulos, Konstantinos and Jensen, Jens F. (eds.) 5th European Conference on Interactive TV - EuroITV 2007 May 24-25, 2007, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. pp. 126-135. Available online

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Alm, Norman, Dye, Richard, Gowans, Gary, Campbell, Jim, Astell, Arlene and Ellis, Maggie (2007): A Communication Support System for Older People with Dementia. In IEEE Computer, 40 (5) pp. 35-41

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Alm, Norman, Astell, Arlene, Gowans, Gary, Dye, Richard, Ellis, Maggie, Vaughan, Phillip and Newell, Alan F. (2007): An Interactive Entertainment System Usable by Elderly People with Dementia. In: Stephanidis, Constantine (ed.) Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction. Ambient Interaction, 4th International Conference on Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction, UAHCI 2007 Held as Part of HCI International 2007 Beijing, China, July 22-27, 2007 Proceedings, Part II July 22-27, 2007, Beijing, China. pp. 617-623. Available online

» 2006 «

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Alm, Norman, Abe, Shinji and Kuwahara, Noriaki (2006): Cognitive prostheses and assisted communication. In: Proceedings of the 2006 International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces 2006. p. 14. Available online

“This workshop offers the opportunity for researchers in the fields of assistive technology, cognitive psychology, user interface design and context-awareness to present the state of the art in each field and to discuss an approach and a research agenda for realizing effective cognitive prostheses.”

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» 2003 «

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Alm, Norman, Dye, Richard, Gowans, Gary, Campbell, Jim, Astell, Arlene and Ellis, Maggie (2003): Designing an interface usable by people with dementia. In: Proceedings of the 2003 ACM Conference on Universal Usability 2003. pp. 156-157. Available online

“Caring for people with dementia will be one of the major challenges of the 21st century. Advancing technology may offer ways to augment and supplement human care, if it is sensitively designed with the needs of potential users always taken into account. Developing an interface that a person with dementia can make sense of and use is a difficult goal. Beginning to meet this challenge is one aspect of a programme we have embarked on to develop a multi-media system that can be used to help people with dementia communicate better with others. Reminiscence work with people with dementia is a valuable tool for enabling them to participate meaningfully in conversations. We are developing a system which uses multimedia technology as an effective vehicle for delivering reminiscence stimulus and thus conversation support for people with dementia.”

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» 2002 «

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Alm, Norman, Iwabuchi, Mamoru, Andreasen, Peter N. and Nakamura, Kenryu (2002): A Multi-lingual Augmentative Communication System. In: Carbonell, Noelle and Stephanidis, Constantine (eds.) Proceedings of the 7th ERCIM Workshop on User Interfaces for All October 23-25, 2002, Paris, France. pp. 398-408.

“A positive aspect of aiming for universal design is that solutions developed for people with particular needs can prove of benefit to all users. Such a case is described here. A prototype augmentative communication system has been developed which could give non-speaking people a multi-lingual capability. It is based on research into conversational modelling and utterance prediction, making use of prestored material. In fact, the system could also be used by people whose only communication disadvantage is not being able to speak a foreign language. A unique feature of the system is that both the non-speaking person and the communication partner will use this communicator in their dialogue. In comparison with a multi-lingual phrase book, the system helped the users to have more natural conversation, and to take more control of the interaction.”

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Ashraf, S., Judson, A., Ricketts, I. W., Waller, A., Alm, Norman, Gordon, B., MacAulay, F., Brodie, J. K., Etchels, M., Warden, A. and Shearer, A. J. (2002): Capturing phrases for ICU-Talk, a communication aid for intubated intensive care patients. In: Fifth Annual ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies 2002. pp. 213-217. Available online

“The need for intubated patients, within the intensive care setting, to communicate more effectively led to the development of ICU-Talk, an augmentative and alternative communication aid. The communication aid contains a database containing both core and patient-specific vocabulary. Many users of communication aids can provide direct input into the vocabulary, but intensive care patients are not in this position. This paper discusses the methods chosen to gather the vocabulary for an intensive care setting.”

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MacAulay, F., Judson, A., Etchels, M., Ashraf, S., Ricketts, I. W., Waller, A., Brodie, J. K., Alm, Norman, Warden, A., Shearer, A. J. and Gordon, B. (2002): ICU-Talk, a communication aid for intubated intensive care patients. In: Fifth Annual ACM Conference on Assistive Technologies 2002. pp. 226-230. Available online

“A Multi-disciplinary project staffed by personnel from nursing, computer science and speech and language therapy developed a computer based communication aid called ICU-Talk. This device has been designed specifically for intubated patients in hospital intensive care units. The ICU-Talk device was trialled with real patients. This paper reports the challenges faced when developing a device for this patient group and environment. A description of the methods used to produce ICU-Talk and results from the trials will be presented.”

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» 2001 «

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Alm, Norman, Dobinson, L., Massie, P. and Hewines, I. (2001): Computers as Cognitive Assistants for Elderly People. In: Proceedings of IFIP INTERACT01: Human-Computer Interaction 2001, Tokyo, Japan. pp. 692-693.

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Iwabuchi, M., Alm, Norman, Andreasen, P. N. and Nakamura, K. (2001): A Multi-Lingual Communication System for Non-Speaking People. In: Proceedings of IFIP INTERACT01: Human-Computer Interaction 2001, Tokyo, Japan. pp. 791-792.

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Taylor, Andrew, Arnott, John L. and Alm, Norman (2001): Visualisation to Assist Non-speaking Users of Augmentative Communication Systems. In: IV 2001 2001. pp. 251-256. Available online

» 2000 «

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Peiris, D. R., Gregor, Peter and Alm, Norman (2000): The Effects of Simulating Human Conversational Style in a Computer-Based Interview. In Interacting with Computers, 12 (6) pp. 635-650

“A computer interview involves a program asking questions of the user, who responds by providing answers directly to the computer. Using a computer interview has been shown to be an effective method of eliciting information, and particularly personal information which many people find difficult to discuss face to face. While the simulation of some of the characteristics of human-human communication seems to enhance the dialogue, it appears to be the absence of others, such as being non-judgmental, unshockable, completely consistent, and unendingly patient, that gives computer interviewing its particular effectiveness. The work reported in this paper investigated the effect of simulating in a computer interview two techniques which good human interviewers use: empathy and grouping questions. Thirty nine interviewees answered 40 questions on a computer, in combinations of human-like or computer-like question styles, and presented in either a logical or a random order. They found the use of the human interviewer technique in the wording of questions made the computer interviews more interesting and enjoyable, than when blunt, direct questioning was used, and they answered honestly more often to the human-like style. This investigation has shown that a computer interview can be made more effective by simulating the human interviewer technique of empathising with interviewees and softening those questions which are of a sensitive nature. It seems therefore that it is the combination of the right non-human characteristics with the right human characteristics that can produce a successful computer interview. The question for further research is which are the right characteristics in each case, given the purpose of the interview.”

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» 1995 «

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Peiris, D. Ramanee, Alm, Norman and Gregor, Peter (1995): Computer Interviews: An Initial Investigation using Free Text Responses. In: Kirby, M. A. R., Dix, Alan J. and Finlay, Janet E. (eds.) Proceedings of the Tenth Conference of the British Computer Society Human Computer Interaction Specialist Group - People and Computers X August, 1995, Huddersfield, UK. pp. 281-288.

“Computer interviews have been found to be a useful tool as a precursor to face to face interviews. Some interviewees find it easier to reveal personal or sensitive information to a computer than a human interviewer. Systems may be limited by the use of multiple choice answers. Full natural language understanding which would allow an interview to accurately follow the context of the interviewee's answers is not currently available. A system was developed to model human interviewer behaviour, but without the pretence of intelligence. Users typed in their answers and were told that the system pattern matched for keywords in order to present relevant subsequent questions. Users found it as acceptable as multiple choice, and said they felt able to answer more truthfully using their own words.”

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» 1993 «

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Alm, Norman, Todman, John, Elder, Leona and Newell, Allen (1993): Computer Aided Conversation for Severely Physically Impaired Non-Speaking People. In: Ashlund, Stacey, Mullet, Kevin, Henderson, Austin, Hollnagel, Erik and White, Ted (eds.) Proceedings of the ACM CHI 93 Human Factors in Computing Systems Conference April 24-29, 1993, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. pp. 236-241. Available online

“This paper reports the development of a computer-aided conversation prosthesis which is designed for severely physically impaired non-speaking people. The research methodology was to model aspects of conversational structure derived from the field of conversation analysis within a prototype conversational prosthesis. The prototype was evaluated in empirical investigations which also suggested successful strategies for carrying out satisfying conversation using such a system. Two versions have been built and tested, one using an able-bodied operator to test the feasibility of creating conversation from prestored material, the second being used by a physically impaired non-speaking operator. The prototype demonstrated the advantages of this interface design in helping the user to carry out natural sounding and satisfying conversations.”

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» 1992 «

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Alm, Norman, Arnott, John L. and Newell, Alan F. (1992): Prediction and Conversational Momentum in an Augmentative Communication System. In Communications of the ACM, 35 (5) pp. 46-57

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Changes to this page (author)

19 Feb 2010: Enabled abstracts to be shown on Norman Alm's author page.
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Publication statistics

Publication period:1992-2008
Publication count:17
Number of co-authors:37

Productive colleagues

Norman Alm's 3 most productive colleagues in number of publications:

Alan F. Newell:32
Peter Gregor:24
Allen Newell:22

Collaboration count

Number of publications with 3 favourite co-authors:

Gary Gowans:3
Richard Dye:3
Arlene Astell:3

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Conference Calendar

Mar 21

WritersUA Conf. for Software User Assistance

Mar 22

UX People

Mar 22

ETRA '10 - Eye Tracking Research & Applications Symp.

Mar 19

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» 1995 «

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