Nigel Bevan
Has also published under the name of:
"N. Bevan"
Publications by Nigel Bevan (bibliography)
Ferré, Xavier, Bevan, Nigel and Escobar, Tomás Antón (2010): UCD method selection with usability planner. In: Proceedings of the Sixth Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction 2010. pp. 829-830.
“The diversity of User Centred Design (UCD) methods and the difficulties for estimating their cost-effectiveness make planning usability activities in systems development a hard task. Usability Planner is a tool to support the selection of UCD methods to be applied in a particular project or organization, and to estimate the relative cost benefits of applying usability methods at different stages.”
© All rights reserved Ferré et al. and/or their publisher
Bevan, Nigel (2009): International Standards for Usability Should Be More Widely Used. In Journal of Usability Studies, 4 (3) pp. 106-113.
“Despite the authoritative nature of international standards for usability, many of them are not widely used. This paper explains both the benefits and some of the potential problems in using usability standards in areas including user interface design, usability assurance, software quality, and usability process improvement.”
© All rights reserved Bevan and/or Usability Professionals Association
Bevan, Nigel and Spinhof, Lonneke (2007): Are Guidelines and Standards for Web Usability Comprehensive?. In: Jacko, Julie A. (ed.) HCI International 2007 - 12th International Conference - Part I July 22-27, 2007, Beijing, China. pp. 407-419.
Bevan, Nigel, Petrie, Helen and Claridge, Nigel (2007): Tenuta: Strategies for Providing Guidance on Usability and Accessibility. In: Stephanidis, Constantine (ed.) Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction. Applications and Services, 4th International Conference on Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction, UAHCI 2007 Held as Part of HCI International 2007 Beijing, China, July 22-27, 2007 Proceedings, Part July 22-27, 2007, Beijing, China. pp. 20-27.
Bevan, Nigel (2006): Practical issues in usability measurement. In Interactions, 13 (6) pp. 42-43.
Bevan, Nigel (2005): Creating a UX profession. In: Proceedings of ACM CHI 2005 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems 2005. pp. 1078-1079.
“Current aspirations to coordinate the UX community should be complemented by a coordinated series of professional initiatives to raise the status of the UX profession so that it can take its rightful role at the heart of the development process.”
© All rights reserved Bevan and/or ACM Press
Bevan, Nigel (2003): Accreditation of Usability Professionals. In: Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction 2003. pp. 429-433.
Bevan, Nigel (2003): Usability Net Methods for User Centred Design. In: Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction 2003. pp. 434-438.
Bevan, Nigel (2001): International standards for HCI and usability. In International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 55 (4) pp. 533-552.
“Over the last 15 years, a comprehensive range of international standards has
been developed to define the general principles of user-centred design and good
practice in user interface design. Most of the standards specify general
principles rather than the precise details of the interface. The paper briefly
describes how standards are created and reviews the definitions of usability.
HCI and usability standards are described in the categories: usability
definitions, use in context, software interface and interaction, hardware
interface, documentation, the development process and capability of the
organization. The applicability of the standards is discussed.”
© All rights reserved Bevan and/or Academic Press
Earthy, Jonathan, Jones, Brian Sherwood and Bevan, Nigel (2001): The improvement of human-centred processes -- facing the challenge and reaping the benefit of ISO 13407. In International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 55 (4) pp. 553-585.
“Human-centred design processes for interactive systems are defined in ISO
13407 and the associated ISO TR 18529. The publication of these standards
represents a maturing of the discipline of user-centred design. The systems
development community see that (at last) Human Factors has processes which can
be managed and integrated with existing project processes. This internationally
agreed set of human-centred design processes provides a definition of the
capability that an organization must possess in order to implement user-centred
design effectively. It can also be used to assess the extent to which a
particular development project employs user-centred design. As such, it
presents a challenge to the Human Factors community, and indeed a definition of
good practice may even be regarded by some as an unwelcome constraint. This
paper presents the background to the process-level definition of user-centred
design and describes how it relates to current practice. The challenges,
benefits and use of a defined human-centred design process are presented. The
implications for Human Factors and other disciplines are discussed. In
Appendices A-D, the process terminology and the contents of ISO 13407 and ISO
TR 18529 are described in more detail, and three examples are given (in
Appendix D) of using this process improvement approach to improve the actual
design methods in three organizations.”
© All rights reserved Earthy et al. and/or Academic Press
Bevan, Nigel (2001): Cost Effective User-Centred Design Using ISO 13407. In: Proceedings of IFIP INTERACT01: Human-Computer Interaction 2001, Tokyo, Japan. pp. 817-818.
Bevan, Nigel, Earthy, J. and Kurosu, M. (2001): The Benefits of Using ISO 13407: Human Centred Design Process for Interactive Systems. In: Proceedings of IFIP INTERACT01: Human-Computer Interaction 2001, Tokyo, Japan. p. 843.
Bevan, Nigel, Bogomolni, I. and Ryan, N. (2001): Incorporating Usability in the Development Process at Inland Revenue and Israel Aircraft Industries. In: Proceedings of IFIP INTERACT01: Human-Computer Interaction 2001, Tokyo, Japan. pp. 862-868.
Kurosu, M., Bevan, Nigel, Scholtz, Jean, Geis, T., Horibe, Y. and Dzida, W. (2001): Usability Standards for Industry - ISO13407, CIF and the Future of Usability Activities -. In: Proceedings of IFIP INTERACT01: Human-Computer Interaction 2001, Tokyo, Japan. pp. 871-872.
Bevan, Nigel and Schoeffel, Roland (2001): A proposed standard for consumer product usability. In: Stephanidis, Constantine (ed.) HCI International 2001 - Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction August 5-10, 2001, New Orleans, USA. pp. 557-561.
Bevan, Nigel (1999): Design for usability. In: 1999. pp. 762-766.
Macleod, Miles, Bowden, Rosemary, Bevan, Nigel and Curson, Ian (1997): The MUSiC Performance Measurement Method. In Behaviour and Information Technology, 16 (4) pp. 279-293.
“This paper reports a method for measuring usability in terms of task performance -- achievement of frequent and critical task goals by particular users in a context simulating the work environment. The terms usability and quality in use are defined in international standards as the effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction with which goals are achieved in a specific context of use. The performance measurement method gives measures which, in combination with measures of satisfaction, operationalize these definitions. User performance is specified and assessed by measures including task effectiveness (the quantity and quality of task performance) and User efficiency (effectiveness divided by task time). Measures are obtained with users performing tasks in a context of evaluation which matches the intended context of use. This can also reveal usability problems which may not become evident if the evaluator interacts with the user. The method is supported by tools which make it practical in commercial timescales. The method has been widely applied in industry, and can be adapted for use early in design, and to evaluate non-computer products and the performance of small work groups.”
© All rights reserved Macleod et al. and/or Taylor and Francis
Bevan, Nigel (1997): Usability Issues in Web Site Design. In: Smith, Michael J., Salvendy, Gavriel and Koubek, Richard J. (eds.) HCI International 1997 - Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction - Volume 2 August 24-29, 1997, San Francisco, California, USA. pp. 803-806.
Bevan, Nigel (1995): Usability is Quality of Use. In: Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction July 9-14, 1995, Tokyo, Japan. pp. 349-354.
“In a paper at HCI International 1991, Bevan et al (1991) asked "What is usability?", and distinguished between broad and narrow approaches to usability. This paper builds on that distinction, identifying the broad approach to usability with the higher level quality objective of "quality of use" (Bevan, 1995a). Quality of use should be the major design objective for an interactive product: does the product enable the intended users to achieve the intended tasks? This relates usability to business objectives and elevates usability from an optional extra to the prime design goal. The narrow approach is complementary and is concerned with the design of features of the product which are a pre-requisite for quality of use. The two different interpretations of usability lead to two approaches to the specification and evaluation of usability.”
© All rights reserved Bevan and/or Elsevier Science
Bevan, Nigel (1995): Human-Computer Interaction Standards. In: Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction 1995. pp. 885-890.
Bevan, Nigel and Macleod, Miles (1994): Usability Measurement in Context. In Behaviour and Information Technology, 13 (1) pp. 132-145.
“Different approaches to the measurement of usability are reviewed and related to definitions of usability in international standards. It is concluded that reliable measures of overall usability can only be obtained by assessing the effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction with which representative users carry out representative tasks in representative environments. This requires a detailed understanding of the context of use of a product. The ESPRIT MUSiC project has developed tools which can be used to measure usability in the laboratory and the field. An overview is given of the methods and tools for measuring user performance, cognitive workload, and user perceived quality.”
© All rights reserved Bevan and Macleod and/or Taylor and Francis
Bevan, Nigel, Harker, Susan, Lindgaard, Gitte and Hammond, Judith H. (1994): Standards in HCI. In: Proceedings of OZCHI94, the CHISIG Annual Conference on Human-Computer Interaction 1994. pp. 81-83.
Macleod, Miles and Bevan, Nigel (1993): MUSiC Video Analysis and Context Tools for Usability Measurement. In: Ashlund, Stacey, Mullet, Kevin, Henderson, Austin, Hollnagel, Erik and White, Ted (eds.) Proceedings of the ACM CHI 93 Human Factors in Computing Systems Conference April 24-29, 1993, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. p. 55.
“Analysis of interaction between users and a system, based on video-assisted observation, can provide a highly informative and effective means of evaluating usability. To obtain valid and reliable results, the people observed should be representative users performing representative work tasks in appropriate circumstances, and the analysis should be methodical. The MUSiC Performance Measurement Method (PMM) -- developed at NPL as part of the ESPRIT Project MUSiC: Metrics for Usability Standards in Computing -- provides a validated method for making and analysing such video recordings to derive performance-based usability metrics. PMM is supported by the DRUM software tool which greatly speeds up analysis of video, and helps manage evaluations.”
© All rights reserved Macleod and Bevan and/or ACM Press
Maguire, M., Dillon, Andrew, Brooke, John, Gerven, Johan van, Bevan, Nigel, Paci, Anna Maria, Karat, John and Shackel, Brian (1993): Usability Measurement -- Its Practical Value to the Computer Industry. In: Ashlund, Stacey, Mullet, Kevin, Henderson, Austin, Hollnagel, Erik and White, Ted (eds.) Proceedings of the ACM CHI 93 Human Factors in Computing Systems Conference April 24-29, 1993, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. pp. 145-148.
“This panel will consider the role of usability measurement in the design process. It will address the time needed to perform usability evaluations and compare this process with that of expert assessment. This topic will be discussed in the industrial context of developing computer products within strict timescales. However it will also be seen against the traditional problem of needing to set usability goals and to measure their achievement if usability is to be given the same priority as the more technical software engineering objectives.”
© All rights reserved Maguire et al. and/or ACM Press
Bevan, Nigel (1991): Electronic Mail Standards: Reconciling Technology with Usability. In ACM SIGCHI Bulletin, 23 (4) pp. 62-63.
Bevan, Nigel (1991): Standards Relevant to European Directives for Display Terminals. In: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction 1991. pp. 533-537.
“The European Directive on the "minimum health and safety requirements for work with display screen equipment" contains minimum ergonomic requirements for the equipment, environment and operator/computer interface. National legislation which implements the Directive is required by the end of 1992, and may make reference to relevant standards. ISO 9241 is being developed as a multi-part standard which has a similar scope to the Directive, and provides a potential means for interpreting some of the more general requirements of the Directive which include: "software must be easy to use" and "the principles of software ergonomics must be applied".”
© All rights reserved Bevan and/or Elsevier Science
Brooke, John, Bevan, Nigel, Brigham, Fred, Harker, Susan and Youmans, David (1990): Usability Statements and Standardisation -- Work in Progress in ISO. In: Diaper, Dan, Gilmore, David J., Cockton, Gilbert and Shackel, Brian (eds.) INTERACT 90 - 3rd IFIP International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction August 27-31, 1990, Cambridge, UK. pp. 357-361.
“This paper describes work in progress in Working Group 5 of the International Organisation for Standardisation Technical committee 159 subcommittee 4 (ISO TC159/SC4/WG5). While many standards are concentrating on what guidelines can be given regarding the design of user interfaces and dialogues, subgroup 2 of TC159/SC4/WG5 is taking a holistic approach to the issue of the usability of products. A standard is being developed which will specify how producers and consumers of products may communicate with each other about the usability of products.”
© All rights reserved Brooke et al. and/or North-Holland
Souza, Flavio de and Bevan, Nigel (1990): The Use of Guidelines in Menu Interface Design: Evaluation of a Draft Standard. In: Diaper, Dan, Gilmore, David J., Cockton, Gilbert and Shackel, Brian (eds.) INTERACT 90 - 3rd IFIP International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction August 27-31, 1990, Cambridge, UK. pp. 435-440.
“This paper reports a case study of the evaluation of the effectiveness of a draft standard containing human factors guidelines for menu interface design. Three designers were given a week to study the guidelines, before spending a day using the guidelines to redesign a menu interface. They were asked to justify their design in terms of the guidelines. The designers made errors or had difficulties with 91% of the guidelines. The cause of the errors and difficulties was analysed, which enabled recommendations for improvements to be made. Despite the difficulties with interpretation of the guidelines, the resulting interfaces only violated an average of 11% of the guidelines which could be assessed. It is concluded that it was difficult for the designers to integrate detailed design guidelines with their existing experience.”
© All rights reserved Souza and Bevan and/or North-Holland
Murray, Dianne and Bevan, Nigel (1984): The Social Psychology of Computer Conversations. In: Shackel, Brian (ed.) INTERACT 84 - 1st IFIP International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction September 4-7, 1984, London, UK. pp. 33-38.
“Human conversations are complex interactions motivated by both task-related and social goals. It is proposed that the optimal form of conversational interaction with a computer is a computer conversation which closely emulates the nature of a human conversation in similar circumstances. The cultural differences between computer conversations and human conversations are identified, and it is suggested how the crucial social factors in human conversation could be integrated into a conversational model of computer interaction, structured by the need to achieve mutual goals.”
© All rights reserved Murray and Bevan and/or North-Holland
Howlett, Julia, Evans, C. R., Bevan, Nigel, Folkard, T. J. and Penn, R. F. (1981): MAVIS -- A Microprocessor Driven Audio/Visual Information System for the Handicapped. In International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, 14 (1) pp. 29-37.
“MAVIS uses a microprocessor to extend as widely as possible the activities that a handicapped person can carry out. Users can read, write, modify and store information, and interact creatively with their environment. It is designed for use at home, in education and as a tool to enable a handicapped person to carry out a job. A Mark II version has been constructed which is housed in a briefcase and connects to a standard television receiver. Other attachments can be added as required by the handicap of the owner and the purpose of use.”
© All rights reserved Howlett et al. and/or Academic Press
Bevan, Nigel, Pobgee, Peter and Somerville, Shirley (1981): MICKIE -- A Microcomputer for Medical Interviewing. In International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, 14 (1) pp. 39-47.
“The National Physical Laboratory has developed a microprocessor system for interviewing patients to obtain their medical histories. The doctor specifies the interview in the form of a numbered flowchart. When presented to the patient this emulates a friendly doctor asking questions requiring simple YES or NO answers. The system is easy to use, and collects accurate information.”
© All rights reserved Bevan et al. and/or Academic Press
Bevan, Nigel (1981): Is There an Optimum Speed for Presenting Text on a VDU?. In International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, 14 (1) pp. 59-76.
“When a computer generates text for a Visual Display Unit, it is usually presented at the fastest speed available. The experiments described in this paper investigate the effect of different presentation speeds on performance in a learning task. It was found that performance deteriorated at speeds similar to, or faster than reading speed. If understanding and retention of textual material is important, the optimum presentation speed is in the range 10-15 characters per second.”
© All rights reserved Bevan and/or Academic Press
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Changes to this page (author)
18 Nov 2010: Author was edited 02 Nov 2010: Author was edited 24 Feb 2010: Enabled abstracts to be shown on Nigel Bevan's author page.
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