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ReferencesNavigation arrowAuthorsNavigation arrowMichael E. Brown

Publication statistics

Pub. period:1992-1995
Pub. count:4
Number of co-authors:3



Co-authors

Number of publications with 3 favourite co-authors:

Jennie J. Gallimore:4
Paul A. Petachi:1
Timothy P. Clarkston:1

 

 

Productive colleagues

Michael E. Brown's 3 most productive colleagues in number of publications:

Jennie J. Gallimor..:11
Paul A. Petachi:1
Timothy P. Clarkst..:1
 
 
 
Jun 19

“ ... there are no simple 'right' answers for most web design questions (at least not for the important ones). What works is good, integrated design that fills a need--carefully thought out, well executed, and tested. ”

-- Steve Krug, Don't Make Me Think, p. 136

 
 

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Michael E. Brown

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Publications by Michael E. Brown (bibliography)

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1995
 
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Brown, Michael E. and Gallimore, Jennie J. (1995): Visualization of Three-Dimensional Structure During Computer-Aided Design. In International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 7 (1) pp. 37-56.

“The visual image presented to an engineer using a computer-aided design (CAD) system influences design activities such as decision making, problem solving, cognizance of complex relationships, and error correction. Because of the three-dimensional (3-D) nature of the object being created, an important attribute of the CAD visual interface concerns the various methods of presenting depth on the display's two-dimensional (2-D) surface. The objective of this research is to examine the effects of stereopsis on subjects' ability to (a) accurately transfer to, and retrieve from, long-term memory spatial information about 3-D objects; and (b) visualize spatial characteristics in a quick and direct manner. Subjects were instructed to memorize the shape of a 3-D object presented on a stereoscopic CRT during a study period. Following the study period, a series of static trial stimuli were shown. Each trial stimulus was rotated (relative to the original) about the vertical axis in one of six 36{deg} increments between 0{deg} and 180{deg}. In each trial, the subject's task was to determine, as quickly and as accurately as possible, whether the trial object was the same shape as the memorized object or its mirrored image. One of the two cases was always true. To assess the relative merits associated with disparity and interposition, the two depth cues were manipulated in a within-subject manner during the study period and during the trials that followed. Subject response time and error rate were evaluated. Improved performance due to hidden surface is the most convincing experimental finding. Interposition is a powerful cue to object structure and should not be limited to late stages of design. The study also found a significant, albeit limited, effect of stereopsis. Under specific study object conditions, adding disparity to monocular trial objects significantly decreased response time. Response latency was also decreased by adding disparity information to stimuli in the study session.”

© All rights reserved Brown and Gallimore and/or Lawrence Erlbaum Associates

1994
 
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Brown, Michael E. and Gallimore, Jennie J. (1994): Visualization of CAD Objects Using a Stereoscopic Display. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 38th Annual Meeting 1994. pp. 1295-1299.

“Subjects memorized the shape of a static 3-D object displayed on a stereoscopic CRT. In each of a series of trials that followed, single static objects were presented. The angular orientation of each trial object was one of six 36-degree increments relative to the angle of the memorized stimulus. The subject's task was to determine, as quickly and accurately as possible, whether the trial object was the same shape as the memorized object or its mirrored image. One of the two cases was always true. Disparity and interposition were manipulated in a within-subject manner during the initial memorization period and the trials that followed. Subject response time and error rate were evaluated. The experimental objective was to determine the extent to which stereopsis and hidden surface affect subjects' ability to 1) transfer to and retrieve from long-term memory spatial information about a 3-D object, and 2) visualize spatial characteristics in a quick and direct manner. Improved performance due to hidden surface is the most convincing experimental finding. The study also found a significant but limited stereopsis effect.”

© All rights reserved Brown and Gallimore and/or Human Factors Society

1993
 
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Gallimore, Jennie J. and Brown, Michael E. (1993): Visualization of 3-D Computer-Aided Design Objects. In International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 5 (4) pp. 361-382.

“There are many significant human factors issues associated with the design and visualization of complex, computer-generated images. One such issue is to determine the most effective techniques for providing engineers with realistic three-dimensional (3-D) objects. Differences in subjects' ability to discriminate between the shape of two 3-D, perspective, computer-aided design-type (CAD-type) objects were investigated for various levels of monocular coding techniques and the binocular cue stereopsis. Performance was assessed at all combinations of five levels of monocular cues and two levels of disparity. The task was similar to the classic mental rotation paradigm except that subjects were provided with the ability to rotate one of the objects using a two-dimensional (2-D) joystick. Results indicate that interposition was the only depth cue that significantly enhanced subject performance. One explanation for the lack of significance of stereopsis is that, for this particular task, depth information provided by disparity was not needed. Detailed analysis of object rotation data using an orientation index (OI) suggests that subjects employed a feature-by-feature comparison task strategy. With tools that can evaluate cognitive activity such as the mental rotation paradigm and orientation index, researchers can learn more about how designers visualize and understand 3-D CAD objects.”

© All rights reserved Gallimore and Brown and/or Lawrence Erlbaum Associates

1992
 
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Gallimore, Jennie J., Brown, Michael E., Clarkston, Timothy P. and Petachi, Paul A. (1992): Effectiveness of the C-Sharp for Reducing Ergonomic Problems at VDT Workstations. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 36th Annual Meeting 1992. pp. 514-518.

“The C-Sharp was designed to help reduce some of the ergonomic problems associated with long-term use of visual display terminal (VDT) workstations. The C-Sharp projects the viewed image at a farther distance than typical VDTs to reduce the amount of muscular work involved in accommodation and convergence to near targets. This may help to reduce or eliminate visual strain and temporary myopia. It was also designed to eliminate glare. The present study was conducted to evaluate the C-Sharp from a human factors standpoint and to assess its ability to reduce problems related to VDT use. Results indicate that the C-Sharp meets many of the recommendations of the American National Standard for Human Factors Engineering of Visual Display Terminal Workstations. The C-Sharp also allows bifocal wearers to keep their necks in natural postures rather than tilted backwards. In general, the C-Sharp has potential to reduce problems associated with VDT use.”

© All rights reserved Gallimore et al. and/or Human Factors Society

 
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Changes to this page (author)

26 Jun 2007: Modified
26 Jun 2007: Modified
28 Apr 2003: Added

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Page maintainer: The Editorial Team
URL: http://www.interaction-design.org/references/authors/michael_e__brown.html

Publication statistics

Pub. period:1992-1995
Pub. count:4
Number of co-authors:3



Co-authors

Number of publications with 3 favourite co-authors:

Jennie J. Gallimore:4
Paul A. Petachi:1
Timothy P. Clarkston:1

 

 

Productive colleagues

Michael E. Brown's 3 most productive colleagues in number of publications:

Jennie J. Gallimor..:11
Paul A. Petachi:1
Timothy P. Clarkst..:1
 
 
 
Jun 19

“ ... there are no simple 'right' answers for most web design questions (at least not for the important ones). What works is good, integrated design that fills a need--carefully thought out, well executed, and tested. ”

-- Steve Krug, Don't Make Me Think, p. 136

 
 

Featured chapter

Read the fascinating history of Wearable Computing, told by its father, Steve Mann

Read Steve's chapter !

 
 

Latest books

The Social Design of Technical Systems: Building technologies for communities
by Brian Whitworth and Adnan Ahmad

 
Start reading

The Encyclopedia of Human-Computer Interaction, 2nd Ed.
by Mads Soegaard and Rikke Friis Dam

 
Start reading
 
 

Help us help you!

 
 
 
 
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