Melanie Kellar
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Publications by Melanie Kellar (bibliography)
» 2009 «
Aula, Anne and Kellar, Melanie (2009): Multilingual search strategies. In: Proceedings of ACM CHI 2009 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems 2009. pp. 3865-3870. Available online
“We explored the search strategies of multilingual searchers, i.e., users who use multiple languages when searching for information. We wanted to understand factors that determine the language multilingual searchers choose to search in, if they switch languages within a search task, and if they encounter challenges when searching in a non-native language. Our results indicate that availability and perceived quality of information were the primary reasons for searching in a non-native language. Language switching within a search only occurred when information could not be found with the original search language. We also observed a language-related use case where the goal was not to find information in a typical sense, but rather to check for correct phrases in the non-native language using search engines. Our research highlights several areas of future work for further understanding the multilingual search process.”
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Russell, Daniel M., Tang, Diane, Kellar, Melanie and Jeffries, Robin (2009): Task Behaviors During Web Search: The Difficulty of Assigning Labels. In: HICSS 2009 - 42st Hawaii International International Conference on Systems Science 5-8 January, 2009, Waikoloa, Big Island, HI, USA. pp. 1-5. Available online
Kamvar, Maryam, Kellar, Melanie, Patel, Rajan and Xu, Ya (2009): Computers and iphones and mobile phones, oh my!: a logs-based comparison of search users on different devices. In: Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on the World Wide Web 2009. pp. 801-810. Available online
“We present a logs-based comparison of search patterns across three platforms: computers, iPhones and conventional mobile phones. Our goal is to understand how mobile search users differ from computer-based search users, and we focus heavily on the distribution and variability of tasks that users perform from each platform. The results suggest that search usage is much more focused for the average mobile user than for the average computer-based user. However, search behavior on high-end phones resembles computer-based search behavior more so than mobile search behavior. A wide variety of implications follow from these findings. First, there is no single search interface which is suitable for all mobile phones. We suggest that for the higher-end phones, a close integration with the standard computer-based interface (in terms of personalization and available feature set) would be beneficial for the user, since these phones seem to be treated as an extension of the users' computer. For all other phones, there is a huge opportunity for personalizing the search experience for the user's "mobile needs", as these users are likely to repeatedly search for a single type of information need on their phone.”
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» 2008 «
Dearman, David, Kellar, Melanie and Truong, Khai N. (2008): An examination of daily information needs and sharing opportunities. In: Proceedings of ACM CSCW08 Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work 2008. pp. 679-688. Available online
“A person often has highly context-sensitive information needs that require assistance from individuals in their social network. However, a person's social network is often not broad enough to include the right people in the right situations or circumstances who can satisfy the needs. The ability to satisfy context-sensitive information needs depends on a person's ability to seek the answers from appropriate individuals, who must then provide a response in a timely manner. To gain an understanding of how to better support the sharing of information, we conducted a four-week diary study examining 20 people's perceived daily information needs and sharing desires. We provide a structured framework for understanding the types of information people need and discuss when and how people are able to satisfy their needs. Using these findings, we discuss research and design opportunities for addressing the shortcomings of the existing information sources by connecting information altruists with an audience by leveraging weak ties through situation and circumstance, and providing a timely asynchronous connection to these sources.”
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Tan, Desney S., Gergle, Darren, Mandryk, Regan L., Inkpen, Kori, Kellar, Melanie, Hawkey, Kirstie and Czerwinski, Mary (2008): Using job-shop scheduling tasks for evaluating collocated collaboration. In Personal and Ubiquitous Computing, 12 (3) pp. 255-267
Kellar, Melanie, Hawkey, Kirstie, Inkpen, Kori M. and Watters, Carolyn R. (2008): Challenges of Capturing Natural Web-Based User Behaviors. In International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 24 (4) pp. 385-409
“It can be difficult to properly understand aspects of user behavior on the Web without examining the behaviors in a realistic setting, such as through field studies. In this article, an overview of the experiences in augmenting logged data with contextual information over the course of two separate research projects conducted in the field is presented. One project investigated the privacy sensitivity of normal Web browsing, and the other examined user behavior during Web-based information-seeking tasks. Throughout both projects, the contextual information was collected through participant annotations of their Web usage. Based on experiences in conducting this research, implications of methodological decisions are considered, unanswered questions are highlighted, and considerations for other researchers are provided. These shared experiences and perspectives will assist future researchers planning similar field studies, allowing them to build upon the lessons learned.”
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» 2007 «
Kellar, Melanie, Watters, Carolyn R. and Inkpen, Kori (2007): An exploration of web-based monitoring: implications for design. In: Proceedings of ACM CHI 2007 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems 2007. pp. 377-386. Available online
“Monitoring occurs when users return to previously viewed web pages to view new or updated information. While tools exist to support web-based monitoring, we know little about the monitoring activities users engage in and the nature of the support needed. We have conducted 40 semi-structured interviews in order to better understand the types of information users monitor and the characteristics of different monitoring activities. Using the data collected during the interviews, we characterized monitoring as an activity within six web information tasks: Browsing, Communications, Fact Finding, Information Gathering, Maintenance, and Transactions. The results of our study have been used to provide general, as well as task specific, recommendations for the design of monitoring tools.”
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Kellar, Melanie, Watters, Carolyn R. and Shepherd, Michael A. (2007): A field study characterizing Web-based information-seeking tasks. In JASIST - Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 58 (7) pp. 999-1018
Ziola, Ryder, Kellar, Melanie and Inkpen, Kori (2007): DeskJockey: Exploiting Passive Surfaces to Display Peripheral Information. In: Baranauskas, Maria Cecília Calani, Palanque, Philippe A., Abascal, Julio and Barbosa, Simone Diniz Junqueira (eds.) DEGAS 2007 - Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Design and Evaluation of e-Government Applications and Services September 11th, 2007, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. pp. 447-460. Available online
» 2006 «
Kellar, Melanie, Watters, Carolyn R. and Shepherd, Michael (2006): The impact of task on the usage of web browser navigation mechanisms. In: Proceedings of the 2006 Conference on Graphics Interface 2006. pp. 235-242. Available online
“In this paper, we explore how factors such as task and individual differences influence the usage of different web browser navigation mechanisms (e.g., clicked links, bookmarks, auto-complete). We conducted a field study of 21 participants and logged detailed web browser usage. Participants were asked to categorize their web usage according to the following schema: Fact Finding, Information Gathering, Browsing, and Transactions. Using this data, we have identified three factors that play a role in the use of navigation mechanisms: task session, task type, and individual differences. These findings have implications for the future design of new and improved web navigation mechanisms.”
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Watters, Carolyn R., Shepherd, Michael A., Abouzied, Azza, Cox, Anthony, Kellar, Melanie, Kharrazi, Hadi, Liu, Fengan and Otley, Anthony (2006): Extending the Use of Games in Health Care. In: HICSS 2006 - 39th Hawaii International International Conference on Systems Science 4-7 January, 2006, Kauai, HI, USA. . Available online
Kellar, Melanie and Watters, Carolyn R. (2006): Using web browser interactions to predict task. In: Proceedings of the 2006 International Conference on the World Wide Web 2006. pp. 843-844. Available online
“The automatic identification of a user's task has the potential to improve information filtering systems that rely on implicit measures of interest and whose effectiveness may be dependant upon the task at hand. Knowledge of a user's current task type would allow information filtering systems to apply the most useful measures of user interest. We recently conducted a field study in which we logged all participants' interactions with their web browsers and asked participants to categorize their web usage according to a high-level task schema. Using the data collected during this study, we have conducted a preliminary exploration of the usefulness of logged web browser interactions to predict users' tasks. The results of this initial analysis suggest that individual models of users' web browser interactions may be useful in predicting task type.”
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» 2005 «
Hawkey, Kirstie, Kellar, Melanie, Reilly, Derek, Whalen, Tara and Inkpen, Kori (2005): The proximity factor: impact of distance on co-located collaboration. In: GROUP05: International Conference on Supporting Group Work November 6-9, 2005, Sanibel Island, Florida, USA. pp. 31-40. Available online
“Groups collaborating around a large wall display can do so in a variety of arrangements, positioning themselves at different distances from the display and from each other. We examined the impact of proximity on the effectiveness and enjoyment of co-located collaboration. Our results revealed collaborative benefits when participants were positioned close together, and interaction with the display was felt to be more effective when participants were close to the display. However, clear tradeoffs were evident for these configurations. When at a distance to the display, the choice of direct versus indirect interaction revealed that interactions were easier when using direct input but the effectiveness of the collaboration was compromised.”
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Kellar, Melanie, Reilly, Derek, Hawkey, Kirstie, Rodgers, Malcolm, MacKay, Bonnie, Dearman, David, Ha, Vicki, MacInnes, W. Joseph, Nunes, Michael, Parker, Karen, Whalen, Tara and Inkpen, Kori (2005): It's a jungle out there: practical considerations for evaluation in the city. In: Proceedings of ACM CHI 2005 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems 2005. pp. 1533-1536. Available online
“An essential aspect of mobile and ubiquitous computing research is evaluation within the expected usage context, including environment. When that environment is an urban center, it can be dynamic, expansive, and unpredictable. Methodologies that focus on genuine use in the environment can uncover valuable insights, although they may also limit measurement and control. In this paper, we present our experiences applying traditional experimental techniques for field research in two separate projects set in urban environments. We argue that although traditional methods may be difficult to apply in cities, the challenges are surmountable, and this kind of field research can be a crucial component of evaluation.”
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MacKay, Bonnie, Kellar, Melanie and Watters, Carolyn R. (2005): An evaluation of landmarks for re-finding information on the web. In: Proceedings of ACM CHI 2005 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems 2005. pp. 1609-1612. Available online
“Re-finding information on the Web is a common yet often time consuming and challenging task. Even with the use of traditional bookmarks, which allow users to return to a previously visited page, it can be hard to re-find facts within that page. Furthermore, it is not uncommon for users to have long and unmanageable lists of bookmarks, making it difficult to identify the purpose of individual bookmarks. In this paper, we present an extension to traditional bookmarks called landmarks, a user-directed technique that aids users in returning to specific content within a previously visited web page. We investigate the efficiency of landmarks for re-finding information on web pages and present the findings of a study in which participants were first primed on two web pages and returned at a later date to re-find the information using both traditional bookmarks and landmarks.”
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» 2004 «
Kellar, Melanie, Stern, Henry, Watters, Carolyn R. and Shepherd, Michael A. (2004): An Information Architecture to Support Dynamic Composition of Interactive Lessons and Reuse of Learning Objects. In: HICSS 2004 2004. . Available online
» 2003 «
Kellar, Melanie, MacKay, Bonnie, Zhang, Rui, Watters, Carolyn R., Kaufman, David and Borwein, Jonathan M. (2003): Dynamic Composition of Math Lessons. In Educational Technology & Society, 6 (4) pp. 100-111
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Mar 21st, 2010
Changes to this page (author)
27 Feb 2010: Enabled abstracts to be shown on Melanie Kellar's author page.25 Jul 2009: Author was edited 09 Jul 2009: Author was edited
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