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Marta A. Miller

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Publications by Marta A. Miller (bibliography)

1994

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Miller, Marta A. and Stimart, Reynold P. (1994): The User Interface Design Process: The Good, the Bad, & We Did What We Could in Two Weeks. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 38th Annual Meeting 1994. pp. 305-309.

“Conventional wisdom inside human factors circles says that the integration of user interface design processes into the software development cycle is the best way to improve the usability of software products. While there is no problem convincing human factors practitioners of this, frequently there is still a need to demonstrate the effectiveness of user interface processes to product development teams and management. Mayhew (1992) suggests that it is not enough to be able to apply human factors knowledge. Successful user interface design must include buy-in from outside of the user interface organization. To demonstrate the effectiveness of a user interface design program, data from usability tests on three versions of a product were analyzed. The oldest version of the product was developed without the inclusion of any user interface design processes. The second version of the product had minimal involvement of user interface practitioners late in the development cycle. The newest version of the product was developed with the user interface design processes fully integrated into the software development cycle. The data indicate that user interface design processes do impact usability, as measured by speed, accuracy, and subjective measures. Furthermore, user interface processes which are part of the software development cycle, as opposed to just a side effort by user interface practitioners, seem to have a much greater impact on usability.”

1991

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Miller, Marta A. and Elias, Jeffrey W. (1991): Using Menus to Access Computers via Phone-Based Interfaces. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 35th Annual Meeting 1991. pp. 235-239.

“Phone-based interfaces allow users easy access to information stored in distant computers. Applications include gaining credit card information, information about financial aid and registration at universities, and banking services. One interface tool that is often used in these applications is the menu. Unfortunately, the use of menus in these types of interfaces is not well investigated. The current study was developed to investigate issues related to the use of menus in auditory interfaces using computer synthesized speech as the output medium. Variables of interest included: 1) menu-page configuration (organized versus random); 2) menu-hierarchy configuration (top-down versus bottom-up); 3) individual differences in short-term memory capabilities; and 4) user anxiety. Subjects performed 20 menu selection trials from one of four menu arrangements. Subjects were given a digit-span task to assess short-term memory capacity and a Sternberg task to assess speed of recall from short-term memory. Finally, subjects were given the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory to assess subject trait and state anxiety. Results suggest that menu performance is a more complex process than VDT menu performance. Short-term memory abilities contributed a major portion of the variance in menu performance. User interest in the menu task also accounted for a good deal of the variance in menu performance and interest was found to be correlated with user anxiety. These results and the results of the menu configuration variables are discussed in terms of possible implications for phone-based menu use and design.”

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