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Mark H. Karwan

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Publications by Mark H. Karwan (bibliography)

1987

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Helander, Martin G., Karwan, Mark H. and Etherton, John (1987): A Model of Human Reaction Time to Dangerous Robot Arm Movements. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 31st Annual Meeting 1987. pp. 191-195.

“An increasing number of studies indicate that robots are the most hazardous equipment in industry. The very virtue that makes them attractive for industrial work, the programmable arm, is the cause of accidents since the arm motion is often difficult to perceive. The present paper presents a model of human reaction time and emergency behavior. The total reaction time is the sum of three elements: perception, decision making, and motor response. Each of these three elements are modeled using concepts such as perceptual discriminability and single detection theory. Finally, the results of an experiment is presented where the human reaction time is modeled as a function of robot arm speed.”

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Schiro, Samuel G., Karwan, Mark H., Dutton, Richard and Brunskill, Charles T. (1987): Fitting Population Anthropometric Data to a Proportional Man Model with Reference to Prime Computer's SAMMIE Program. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 31st Annual Meeting 1987. pp. 325-329.

“The study addresses the problem of fitting anthropometric data from different populations to proportional man models. Proportional models simulate the human shape by assuming fixed proportions between various body dimensions. Percentiles can be created in such a model but are constrained by the body proportions. Prime Computer's SAMMIE man model is an example of the proportional approach. The SAMMIE model is described with reference to the anatomical features it simulates. The constraints imposed by a proportional model are discussed. These include link lengths, flesh envelope and ranges of joint motion. A linear programming model is presented to fit available population data to the model. The program is designed with a user friendly graphic interface allowing the designer to easily of principal interest. A validation study of the method using NASA data is reported.”

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