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M. Tracy

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Publications by M. Tracy (bibliography)

1987

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Tracy, M. and Corlett, E. N. (1987): Quantifying the Precision of Biomechanical Calculations Using Experimental Data. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 31st Annual Meeting 1987. pp. 315-317.

“Biomechanical calculations are a useful tool to evaluate the severity of manual materials handling tasks. The exactness of the calculated forces depends on a number of factors. On one level is the precision of the inputs, such as postural data and the force exerted by the operator. At another level is the exactitude of the biomechanical model itself. The effect of the imprecision of each factor upon the final result can be calculated so that, on one hand, the range of values within which the final result is likely to fall is known, and on the other hand, the importance of each factor can be assessed, by comparing the standard deviation of one or more factors with the standard deviation of the result. Calculations of forces on the low back have been carried out in the laboratory using an optical scanner (CODA-3) to record posture on-line to a computer, as well as a handle equipped with strain gauges to record the force exerted. The program automatically carries out biomechanical muscle lever arms and intra-abdominal pressure, using mean values for these and estimating the confidence limits within which the calculated low back forces will lie, given the variance of one or more of the inputs.”

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Haslegrave, C. M., Tracy, M. and Corlett, E. N. (1987): Biomechanical Effects of Force Exertions while Kneeling. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 31st Annual Meeting 1987. pp. 318-322.

“Even in high technology industries, many tasks in repair and maintenance involve heavy manual work and are often carried out in awkward and confined spaces. In such situations workers have great difficulty obtaining access to components and many need to adopt harmful body postures while applying high forces. These tasks are being studied in the laboratory using a CODA-3 optical scanner to record postures. The aim is to investigate the strength and reach capabilities of workers, and to develop better techniques for assessing the safety and acceptability of such tasks. One of the postures which as been studied is kneeling, for tasks which occur for instance in mining or in aircraft maintenance. Reach distance and direction of operation of controls or handtools both have a large influence on strength capability and the relationships between these and the posture adopted are discussed in the paper.”

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