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M. M. van Paassen

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Publications by M. M. van Paassen (bibliography)

2010

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Comans, J., Paassen, M. M. van and Mulder, M. (2010): Pilot workload monitoring and adaptive aviation automation: a solution space-based approach. In: Proceedings of the 2010 Annual European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics 2010. pp. 245-250.

“Motivation -- Pilot workload is an important constraint in designing novel flight deck automation systems. We aim to provide context awareness to adaptive automation systems by analyzing the constraints of the work domain. This context awareness can be used by the automation to adapt its functionality and human-machine interface on-line; in such a way that pilot workload is reduced. Research approach -- The problem of developing adaptive automation to support pilots in dealing with other aircraft is chosen as the focal point. The approach entails that the functional constraints of the surrounding traffic can be captured using a so-called 'solution space' analysis. The solution space allows a prediction of the complexity of a particular traffic situation to be made. Experiments showed that complexity is strongly related to the perceived workload. When complexity is high, workload may be high as well and in these situations the automation can decide to provide other ways of supporting the pilot. Findings/Design -- The solution space analysis has been shown to be able to predict the complexity of a traffic situation and therefore operator workload. In turn, this allows for adaptive automation strategies to mitigate the workload. Take away message -- Analysis of the solution space properties can provide a metric for the complexity of the operational context. When complexity is higher, support tools can be activated to reduce the workload of pilots.”

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Rahman, S. M. B. Abdul, Mulder, M. and Paassen, M. M. van (2010): The effects of Air Traffic Control sector design on the Solution Space Diagram. In: Proceedings of the 2010 Annual European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics 2010. pp. 261-268.

“Motivation -- Traffic complexity and workload in Air Traffic Control (ATC) are important factors in the design of procedures and ATC sectors. The Solution Space Diagram (SSD), which shows all possible conflict-free vectors for aircraft, has been proposed as a tool for assessing sector complexity. When considering the SSD for an aircraft, each neighbouring aircraft introduces a zone of conflict, the Forbidden Beam Zone (FBZ) on the SSD. The changes in these FBZ are systematically studied to increase understanding of the SSD usability in reducing workload and managing sector complexity. Research approach -- The following sector variables are investigated in this research; the intercept angle of streams of aircraft, aircraft speed and aircraft horizontal proximity. Matlab® simulations of two aircraft conditions are set up for a number of case studies with different sector variables. These are then compared using quantitative analysis using the SSD. Findings -- In this study it is assumed that a denser Solution Space results in a higher rating for the complexity factor. The results show that in certain cases, where other variables are fixed to certain values, larger intercept angle and horizontal proximity produces a less dense Solution Space. Speed changes lead to other typical changes, as higher speeds result in the FBZ being shifted outwards on the SSD. Research limitations -- The findings regarding the relation between the complexity metric and sector design should be validated by means of an experiment, to obtain the opinion of professional Air Traffic Controllers (ATCos). Take away message -- Previous researches have introduced the Solution Space as a method to determine airspace complexity and therefore ATCo workload (Hermes et al., 2009; D'Engelbronner, 2009 and Mercado, 2009). This research extends these studies through exploring the effects of air traffic sector design in a systematic fashion.”

2008

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Winter, J. C. F. de, Groot, S. de, Dankelman, Jenny, Wieringa, Peter A., Paassen, M. M. van and Mulder, Mark (2008): Advancing simulation-based driver training: lessons learned and future perspectives. In: Hofte, G. Henri ter, Mulder, Ingrid and Ruyter, Boris E. R. de (eds.) Proceedings of the 10th Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services - Mobile HCI 2008 September 2-5, 2008, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. pp. 459-464.

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