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Kenichi Akagi

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Publications by Kenichi Akagi (bibliography)

1992

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Akagi, Kenichi (1992): A Computer Keyboard Key Feel Study in Performance and Preference. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 36th Annual Meeting 1992. pp. 523-527.

“A study was conducted to compare user preference and performance of four keyboards having different key force and travel characteristics. Two keyboards had linear spring key action, one with low (key force) resistance (42.5 grams) and one with high resistance (70.9 grams). The other two keyboards had tactile (snap) action, one with low resistance (35.5 grams) and one with high resistance (70.9 grams). All four keyboards were manufactured by the same company, and were visually identical in size, layout, color, etc. There was no difference in typing sound and traveling distance among the four keyboards. Twenty four touch typists typed material taken from a college psychology textbook for seven to eight minutes on each keyboard. Between changing keyboards, the participants rested one minute. The two low resistance (35.5 grams tactile, 42.5 grams linear spring action) keyboards produced 23.3% more errors (57% of total errors) than the two high resistance keyboards (43% of total errors). There was a 10.28% difference in errors between the low resistance spring and the low tactile action keyboards, and there was only a 2.95% difference in error between the high resistance spring and the high resistance tactile action keyboards. The lighter the key resistance, the more errors were produced. The average typing speed of all of the participants indicated that there was no significant typing speed difference among the four keyboards. The keyboards preferred by the participants were almost evenly distributed among the low resistance linear (42.5 grams, 29% of participants), the low resistance tactile (35.5 grams, 29% of participants) and the high resistance tactile (70.9 grams, 25% of participants) keyboards. The high resistance linear (70.9 grams, 17% of participants) keyboard was chosen least.”

1991

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Akagi, Kenichi and Kelly, Barbara (1991): The Perception of Flicker in Various Ambient Light Conditions and at User Adjustable Screen Brightness Levels. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 35th Annual Meeting 1991. pp. 1437-1441.

“The forgoing experiment was designed to observe and measure users' perception of flicker, also referred to as Critical Fusion Frequency (CFF) at a variety of controlled ambient light levels in a setting that was designed to approximate a range of realistic user environments. The goal of the study was to determine the phosphor type and refresh rate required to eliminate flicker perception for the majority of our sample of forty-eight (48) participants.”

1989

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Francik, Ellen and Akagi, Kenichi (1989): Designing a Computer Pencil and Tablet for Handwriting. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 33rd Annual Meeting 1989. pp. 445-449.

“We designed a computer pencil and tablet for Freestyle, a multimedia communications system based on handwritten annotations. Although graphics pens and tablets are already in use for handprinted character recognition and CAD applications, designing a pen and tablet specifically for rapid, continuous handwriting required substantial changes. Design criteria came from a laboratory study in which evaluators performed various writing and drawing tasks with a working pen and tablet. Evaluators rated the working system, plus model pens and tablets that were variants on a proposed design. Field observations of working prototypes also contributed to the final product.”

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