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John W. Keller

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Publications by John W. Keller (bibliography)

2011

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Keller, John W., Wickens, Christopher D. and Small, Ron L. (2011): N-SEEV in SOAS: Predicting Time to Notice for Multi-Modal Cockpit Alerting Events. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 55th Annual Meeting 2011. pp. 1389-1393.

“This paper presents the current work to extend the N-SEEV model of visual attention to both the auditory and tactile modalities in support a cockpit adaptive automation system for pilot spatial disorientation. Cockpit countermeasure systems use visual, auditory and tactile modalities to communicate problems to the pilot. The SOAS spatial orientation aiding system uses all three modalities to support a disoriented pilot. The system initiates increasingly intrusive countermeasure as it determines that the probability and severity of a detected disorientation is increasing. N-SEEV has been included within SOAS to support the change to countermeasure levels based on the prediction of the pilot noticing countermeasure onset. Previous versions of N-SEEV could predict a time-to-notice for the onset of a visual cockpit countermeasure. In this work, N-SEEV is extended to include noticing predictions for both the auditory and tactile modes.”

2010

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Wickens, Christopher D., Keller, John W. and Small, Ronald L. (2010): Left. No, Right Development of the Frame of Reference Transformation Tool (FORT). In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 54th Annual Meeting 2010. pp. 1022-1026.

“A computational model was developed to predict the spatial-cognitive difficulties imposed when the operator must transform information along up to 6 degrees of freedom between a display (viewed at different orientations), and either a cognitive understanding or a compensatory control. The model applies to pilots, robotics operators, navigators or surgeons using endoscopic procedures. Penalties (in workload, errors or time) in the frame of reference transformation (FORT) are based on psychological findings in spatial cognition, such as mental rotation, depth compression, population stereotypes and verbally mediated strategies. We present the graphical user interface for exercising the model; then show how we have applied it to an astronaut space-shuttle, Hubble rendezvous sequence. Finally we validate the model against two existing data sets, one for cognition and one for control. The model could be used as the basis for both a design analysis tool and a real-time operator aiding system.”

1992

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Hallbert, Bruce P., Rodriguez, Michael A., Harbour, Jerry L., Caccamise, Donna J. and Keller, John W. (1992): Development of Job Performance Aids to Increase Human Performance Reliability: A Case Study in the Evaluation of Human Factors Principles. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 36th Annual Meeting 1992. pp. 1138-1142.

“A study of criticality safety, commissioned by the U.S. Department of Energy, was conducted by Scientech Inc. at the Rocky Flats nuclear weapons facility. The study concluded that human performance is the driving factor in the risk of an inadvertent criticality incident at the Rocky Flats Plant (RFP). A study of the infractions which have occurred at this facility bears this point out. A human factors team was established to identify a means of reducing human error in every day operations. The team determined that the posted instructions near each work area are key to operators having a clear understanding of operating requirements. An evaluation of the posted instructions revealed that they were very complex, required operators to monitor multiple parameters, and resulted in the operators' attention being divided between operational tasks and the task of monitoring nuclear safety parameters. Alternative graphics, textual, and graphics and textual formats combined with color coding were developed to improve comprehensibility, understandability, controllability, and usability in the Job Performance Aids (JPAs). Results of field tests of the different formats provide clear indication that operators prefer short, concise textual statements summarizing important information over both other formats. Although operators indicated interest in the graphics formats, the magnitude of change in presentation techniques and the generalizability of the icons argued against their immediate use. Issues in the development of candidate JPAs and other usability requirements are discussed.”

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