Joel S. GreensteinPh.D
Personal Homepage:
clemson.edu/ces/departments/ie/faculty_and_staff/faculty/jsg.html
Current place of employment:
Clemson UniversityAssociate Professor
Department of Industrial Engineering
Clemson
Publications by Joel S. Greenstein (bibliography)
» 2005 «
Sadasivan, Sajay, Greenstein, Joel S., Gramopadhye, Anand K. and Duchowski, Andrew T. (2005): Use of eye movements as feedforward training for a synthetic aircraft inspection task. In: Proceedings of ACM CHI 2005 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems 2005. pp. 141-149. Available online
“Aircraft inspection is a vital element in assuring safety and reliability of the air transportation system. The human inspector performing visual inspection of an aircraft is the backbone of this process and training is an effective strategy for improving their inspection performance. Previous studies have shown offline feedback training to be effective in improving subsequent visual inspection performance. Because experienced inspectors are known to adopt a better inspection strategy than novices, providing visualization of experts' cognitive processes a priori can accelerate novices' adoption of the experts' strategy. Using eye tracking equipment, we record the point of regard of an expert inspector performing an inspection task in a virtual reality simulator. Analysis of their eye movements leads to a visualization of their scanpaths and allows us to display the inspector's visual search (hence cognitive) strategy. We show how providing this type of scanpath-based feedforward training of novices leads to improved accuracy performance in the simulator coupled with an observed speed-accuracy tradeoff. We contend that the tradeoff results from trained novices adopting a slower paced strategy through increased fixation durations, suggesting trained novices learn a more deliberate target search/discrimination strategy that requires more time to execute.”
Copyrights may apply
» 2004 «
Duchowski, Andrew T., Cournia, Nathan, Cumming, Brian, McCallum, Daniel, Gramopadhye, Anand K., Greenstein, Joel S., Sadasivan, Sajay and Tyrrell, Richard A. (2004): Visual deictic reference in a collaborative virtual environment. In: Duchowski, Andrew T. and Vertegaal, Roel (eds.) ETRA 2004 - Proceedings of the Eye Tracking Research and Application Symposium March 22-24, 2004, San Antonio, Texas, USA. pp. 35-40. Available online
» 1995 «
Greenstein, Joel S. (1995): Introducing Human-Centered Design Early in the Engineering Curriculum. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 39th Annual Meeting 1995. pp. 389-393.
“This paper focuses on the development and implementation of a cross-disciplinary, project-driven course on human-centered design. The sophomore-level course is required of all students in the industrial engineering major. The course prerequisites are a part of the college-wide freshman engineering curriculum, enabling students in other engineering majors to take the course as well. The primary objective of this course is to introduce the product development process and human-centered methodologies for designing engineering systems into the engineering curriculum. Additional objectives are to: * Let the students experience the product development process through a semester-long, real-world design project. * Prepare students to work with other specialists in the kind of cross-functional design teams employed in engineering practice. * Educate students to focus early and continually on the customers and users of their products. * Use a variety of writing and speaking activities to achieve active participation in the educational process, team building, and a class environment dedicated to professional success. * Enhance retention of engineering students by emphasizing collaborative learning and the product development process early in the curriculum.”
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» 1991 «
Turek, Robert O. and Greenstein, Joel S. (1991): Stars, Polygons and Clusters; An Investigation of Polygon Displays. In International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, 35 (6) pp. 807-824
“One technique for displaying multi-variate quantitative data is to represent the values graphically in the form of a polygon or star. This allows the observer to view the complex data quickly, as a whole. Such displays have been used in various applications, for data exploration and presentation, and in status displays; they are also suited to categorization and identification tasks. For polygon displays to be reliably used, they should be capable of being interpreted consistently. An experimental investigation was undertaken to ascertain the effect of certain visual features of the display on the consistency with which untrained participants categorized data presented as polygons. The independent variables included background information, shading of figure and form. Two sets of data were used; the participants performed a categorization task on both sets of data. The results of the categorization task were analysed for consistency with standard clustering algorithms and for consistency across individuals. The results of the analysis that have implications for display design include the level of clustering consistency achieved by the participants, the interaction effects of the visual variables on consistency, and the effect of distinctive visual patterns on human judgments of similarity.”
Copyrights may apply
» 1989 «
Greenstein, Joel S. and Baijal, Anish (1989): An Investigation of Techniques for Occasional Numeric Data Entry. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 33rd Annual Meeting 1989. pp. 310-314.
“This work tested six techniques for the occasional entry of unstructured numeric data in the context of a primarily mouse-based, cursor-positioning, human-computer dialogue. Two of the techniques used a separate keypad for numeric data entry. The other four techniques used the mouse already being used for the cursor positioning dialogue. The keypad techniques were more efficient than the mouse techniques for all of the numeric sequence lengths considered. There were no significant differences in efficiency between the two keypad techniques. Among the mouse-based techniques, an approach based on a displayed image of a calculator keypad was consistently among the most efficient.”
Copyrights may apply
» 1988 «
Arnaut, Lynn Y. and Greenstein, Joel S. (1988): Human factors considerations in the design and selection for computer input devices. In: Sherr, Sol "Computer graphics: technology and applications". Academic Press
» 1987 «
Arnaut, Lynn Y. and Greenstein, Joel S. (1987): An Evaluation of Display/Control Gain. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 31st Annual Meeting 1987. pp. 437-441.
“Two studies were conducted to evaluate the adequacy of identifying the optimum display/control gain for an interface as a method of control-display interface optimization. The first study examined the effects of changes in both the maximum control input and the display width on target acquisition performance with a touch tablet and a trackball. The second study evaluated the effects of changes in the display amplitude, the display target width, and the control amplitude. Results from both studies indicate that gain is an insufficient specification for performance. In addition, the inadequacy of Fitts' Law in this context is discussed.”
Copyrights may apply
» 1986 «
Greenstein, Joel S., Arnaut, Lynn Y. and Revesman, Mark E. (1986): An Empirical Comparison of Model-Based and Explicit Communication for Dynamic Human-Computer Task Allocation. In International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, 24 (4) pp. 355-363
“When both a human and a computer in a system are capable of performing the same tasks, task responsibilities may be allocated between them dynamically. This study compared two methods of human-computer communication for dynamic task allocation: explicit and model-based communication. With explicit communication the human directed the computer and the computer did not perform any actions on its own. With model-based communication the computer employed a model of the human which predicted the human's actions and the computer used this model to work on its own. Subjects performed a process monitoring task using both of these allocation methods. In addition, in half the trials subjects had knowledge of the computer's actions and in the other half they did not. The results indicated that overall system performance was always better under model-based communication, although human performance alone was better with explicit communication. In addition, overall system and human performance were higher when the human had knowledge of the computer's actions.”
Copyrights may apply
» 1985 «
Greenstein, Joel S. and Lam, Siu-Tong (1985): An Experimental Study of Dialogue-Based Communication for Dynamic Human-Computer Task Allocation. In International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, 23 (6) pp. 605-621
“The allocation of tasks between human and computer and the merits of a dynamic approach to this allocation are discussed. Dynamic task allocation requires efficient human-computer communication. This communication may be accomplished in an implicit, model-based, or explicit, dialogue-based, manner. A framework for the study of dialogue-based human-computer communication is introduced and a study exemplifying the use of the framework is presented. This study investigated the effects of two input media and four task allocation strategies on the performance of a human-computer system. The task environment represented a simplified version of an air traffic control scenario wherein computer aid could be evoked by the human controller to accomplish task sharing between the human and the computer. Dedicated function keys proved to be a more effective input medium than the standard Sholes QWERTY keyboard in terms of both objective performance and subjective preference measures. Of the task allocation strategies considered, spatial assignment, contingency-based assignment, and assignment by designation achieved the highest levels of overall system performance, while temporal assignment achieved a significantly lower level of performance. Subjective ratings indicated an overall preference for assignment by designation, followed by spatial assignment and contingency-based assignment. Spatial assignment was the most powerful, but the least specific strategy. Assignment by designation was the least powerful strategy, but the most specific and most flexible strategy.”
Copyrights may apply
» 1984 «
Lam, Siu-Tong and Greenstein, Joel S. (1984): The Effects of Input Medium and Task Allocation Strategy on Performance of a Human-Computer System. In: Shackel, Brian (ed.) INTERACT 84 - 1st IFIP International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction September 4-7, 1984, London, UK. pp. 195-200.
“The allocation of tasks between human and computer, and the merits of a dynamic approach to this allocation are discussed. Dynamic task allocation requires efficient human-computer communication. This communication may be accomplished in an implicit or explicit manner. A conceptual framework for the study of explicit human-computer communication is introduced and a study exemplifying the use of the framework is presented. This study investigated the effects of two input media and four task allocation strategies on the performance of a human-computer system. The task environment represented a simplified version of an air traffic control scenario wherein computer aid could be evoked by the human to accomplish task sharing between the human and the computer.”
Copyrights may apply
» 1983 «
Revesman, Mark E. and Greenstein, Joel S. (1983): Application of a Model of Human Decision Making for Human/Computer Communication. In: Smith, Raoul N., Pew, Richard W. and Janda, Ann (eds.) Proceedings of the ACM CHI 83 Human Factors in Computing Systems Conferenc December 12-15, 1983, Boston, Massachusetts, United States. pp. 107-111.
“When a human and computer perform similar tasks in parallel, it is important that an effective line of communication exist between the two entities. Since overt communication may add to the human's workload, an implicit method of communication is suggested in which the computer has a model of human performance on which to base actions. A two-stage model of human performance is employed in an experimental situation in which both a human and a computer act as decision makers. Results indicate that the implementation of a model significantly improves the human's performance and the overall system performance, without degrading the computer's performance. Research into additional experimental and real-world situations is suggested.”
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Mar 19th, 2010
Changes to this page (author)
16 Feb 2010: Enabled abstracts to be shown on Joel S. Greenstein's author page.05 Feb 2010: Page was edited01 Jun 2009: Author was edited
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28 Apr 2003: Added the author to the bibliography
