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James E. McCarthy

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Publications by James E. McCarthy (bibliography)

1995

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McCarthy, James E., Banta, H. George, Pacheco, Stephen, Scroggins, Roberta and Coleman, David S. (1995): A Prototypical Power Industry Intelligent Training Aid. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 39th Annual Meeting 1995. p. 937.

“Once the playthings of researchers, Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITSs) are now making themselves felt in industry. Nowhere is this trend more noticeable than in the power industry. For example, South Carolina Electric and Gas estimated that adding an ITS developed by the Electric Power Research Institute would result in a 25% increase in efficiency and availability over that seen with a simulator alone (Fray, 1995). This poster describes a prototype ITS that we developed to explore and demonstrate the power of this new training force. The system we developed provides each student with a student sensitive "tutor-in-a-box". Unlike conventional CBT systems that make instructional decisions at design-time, our ITS uses the "tutor" to make such decisions at run-time. For each student, the tutor determines the best order in which to present curriculum topics. It also determines the most appropriate media mix for each student. The prototype includes a simulation of a pressurizer system (typical of pressurized water nuclear reactors). The tutor is used to assess and coach each student as they interact with the simulation. An ITS can increase instructional efficiency in many ways. It can increase throughput, increase retention, increase transfer of training, decrease training time and decrease cost. In addition, Intelligent Training leaves behind an "audit trail" of each student's training experiences and performance. This history could have important regulatory significance.”

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McCarthy, James E., Stretton, Milton L. and Hontz, E. B. (1995): A Classroom Evaluation of an Intelligent Training Aid. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 39th Annual Meeting 1995. p. 938.

“Aboard U.S. Navy AEGIS cruisers and destroyers, Radar System Controllers (RSCs) are responsible for operating the AN/SPY-1 phased array radar. Their task is a complex one and presents the Aegis Training Center (ATC) with many interesting training challenges. As a portion of a multidimensional approach to RSC training, ATC developed an RSC Intelligent Training Aid (ITA). The RSC ITA provides the student with a "tutor-in-a-box" that guides the students as they interact with a simulated radar. One portion of the RSC ITA determines the appropriateness of the students' actions. Another portion determines the instructional consequences of the actions. A third portion tracks student performance. ATC recently introduced the RSC ITA into the RSC curriculum. This poster describes early semi-formal evaluations conducted as part of that introduction. Students with varying levels of expertise and experience were asked whether they believed that the RSC ITA improved their general ability to operate the radar system. They were also asked whether the RSC ITA improved their ability to respond to clutter, jamming, and chaff (notoriously troublesome operational and training factors). Finally, the students were asked whether they would recommend the continued inclusion of the RSC ITA as part of the RSC curriculum. Between 80% and 90% of the students responded positively to each question. Although quite informal, this evaluation serves as a first attempt to evaluate the efficacy of the RSC ITA in a classroom setting. The initial results are very encouraging and indicate that intelligent training has a great deal of potential.”

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