Publication statistics
Pub. period:1987-2012
Pub. count:9
Number of co-authors:11
Co-authors
Number of publications with 3 favourite co-authors:
William P. Janson:4Heath A. Ruff:4German Valencia:2 Productive colleagues
Gloria L. Calhoun's 3 most productive colleagues in number of publications:
Raja Parasuraman:26Thomas A. Furness:18Heath A. Ruff:5
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Gloria L. Calhoun
Publications by Gloria L. Calhoun (bibliography)
Calhoun, Gloria L., Ruff, Heath A., Spriggs, Sarah and Murray, Crystal (2012): Tailored Performance-based Adaptive Levels of Automation. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 2012 Annual Meeting 2012. pp. 413-417.
“Adaptive automation may help balance system autonomy with human interaction in supervisory control environments. The present experiment evaluated application of performance-based adaptive automation for an image analysis/decision task in a multiple autonomous vehicle simulation. An asymmetrical algorithm was employed in which the performance threshold differed for the two steps of the adaptive cycle: 1) increasing level of automation (to relieve participant when overloaded) and 2) decreasing level of automation (to re-engage participant when less loaded). Results showed that performance-based adaptation of the autonomy level improved both the speed and accuracy of performance on the image analysis task. Most participants indicated that adaptive automation reduced their cognitive workload and aided situation awareness. Additionally, the results suggest that the asymmetrical algorithm used to implement performance-based adaptation helped keep participants at a lower autonomy level where automation-induced problems are less likely.”
© All rights reserved Calhoun et al. and/or Human Factors and Ergonomics Society
Kidwell, Brian, Calhoun, Gloria L., Ruff, Heath A. and Parasuraman, Raja (2012): Adaptable and Adaptive Automation for Supervisory Control of Multiple Autonomous Vehicles. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 2012 Annual Meeting 2012. pp. 428-432.
“Supervisory control of multiple autonomous vehicles raises many issues concerning the balance of system autonomy with human interaction for optimal operator situation awareness and system performance. An unmanned vehicle simulation designed to manipulate the application of automation was used to evaluate participants' performance on image analysis tasks under two automation control schemes: adaptable (level of automation directly manipulated by participant throughout trials) and adaptive (level of automation adapted as a function of participants' performance on four types of tasks). The results showed that while adaptable automation increased workload, it also improved change detection, as well as operator confidence in task-related decision-making.”
© All rights reserved Kidwell et al. and/or Human Factors and Ergonomics Society
Calhoun, Gloria L., Ward, Victoria B. R. and Ruff, Heath A. (2011): Performance-based Adaptive Automation for Supervisory Control. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 55th Annual Meeting 2011. pp. 2059-2063.
“Supervisory control of multiple autonomous vehicles raises many issues concerning the balance of system autonomy with human interaction for optimal operator situation awareness and system performance. An unmanned vehicle simulation designed to manipulate the application of automation was used to evaluate participants' performance on image analysis tasks under two automation conditions: static (level of automation remained constant throughout trials) and adaptive (level of automation adapted as a function of performance on five types of tasks). The results showed that performance-based adaptation of the image task autonomy level improved performance on this task, as well as other tasks. Additionally, participants preferred the adaptive automation condition and felt that it reduced their cognitive workload and aided performance. Research issues are identified to further evaluate performance-based adaptation for supervisory control.”
© All rights reserved Calhoun et al. and/or HFES
Calhoun, Gloria L., Draper, Mark H. and Ruff, Heath A. (2009): Effect of Level of Automation on Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Routing Task. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 53rd Annual Meeting 2009. pp. 197-201.
“Supervisory control of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) raises many issues concerning the balance of system autonomy with human interaction for optimal operator situation awareness and system performance. A UAV simulation environment designed to manipulate the application of automation was used to evaluate participants' performance on routing tasks under three levels of automation. Trials also involved completion of several mission-related secondary tasks as participants supervised either one or three UAVs. Both objective and subjective data were collected. The results showed that participants took longer to complete the routing task when automation was high due to the time they spent verifying the accuracy of the imperfect decision aid. These results show the importance of designing an interface that provides an efficient means of interacting with the automation and communicates the automation's rationale, especially under high automation levels.”
© All rights reserved Calhoun et al. and/or their publisher
Calhoun, Gloria L. and Janson, William P. (1990): Eye and Head Response as Indicators of Attention Cue Effectiveness. In: D., Woods, and E., Roth, (eds.) Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 34th Annual Meeting 1990, Santa Monica, USA. pp. 1-5.
“This study examined whether eye and head responses can be used to evaluate attention cue effectiveness. The subjects' tasks were to complete a centrally-located tracking task while periodically responding to cues to identify targets at four peripheral locations. Five directional cues were evaluated: visual symbol, coded sound, speech cue, three dimensional (3-D) sound and 3-D speech (the 3-D cues appeared to emanate from the peripheral locations). The results showed significant performance differences in eye and head reaction time, as well as peripheral target task completion time, as a function of cue modality. Since these relatively nonobtrusive measures were as sensitive to cue modality as the peripheral task completion time, these results suggest that eye and head reaction time can be used in evaluations addressing the effectiveness of attention cues.”
© All rights reserved Calhoun and Janson and/or Human Factors Society
Calhoun, Gloria L., Janson, William P. and Valencia, German (1988): Effectiveness of Three-Dimensional Auditory Directional Cues. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 32nd Annual Meeting 1988. pp. 68-72.
“Natural aural directional cueing in the cockpit should relieve the demands placed on the visual modality, reduce display clutter and alleviate cognitive attention needed to process and extract meaning from coded formats. This experiment compared the effectiveness of three-dimensional (3-D) auditory cues to conventional visual and auditory methods of directing visual attention to peripheral targets. Five directional cues were evaluated: visual symbols, coded aural tone, speech cue, 3-D tone (white noise appearing to emanate from peripheral locations) and 3-D speech (speech cue appearing to emanate from peripheral locations). The results showed significant performance differences as a function of directional cue type in peripheral target task completion time, as well as eye and head reaction time. Results, such as these, will help improve the application of directional sound in operational cockpits.”
© All rights reserved Calhoun et al. and/or Human Factors Society
Janson, William P. and Calhoun, Gloria L. (1988): Latencies of the Eye and Head to Targets in the Vertical and Horizontal Planes. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 32nd Annual Meeting 1988. pp. 1424-1428.
“Past studies involving oculomotor responses have typically been limited to refixations along the horizontal plane, small samples sizes, and little data pertaining to head movement. The study reported herein addresses these data voids by collecting both eye and head latency data for refixations in the horizontal and vertical planes. The subjects' task was to perform a central manual tracking task while periodically responding to a verbal command to classify a target on one of four peripheral monitors. Two targets were displayed along the horizontal plane and two along the vertical plane. Results from 620 trials indicated similar trends for the eye and head latency across all four monitor locations, suggesting no significant differences in eye or head latency as a function of target plane.”
© All rights reserved Janson and Calhoun and/or Human Factors Society
Janson, William P., Quam, David L. and Calhoun, Gloria L. (1987): Eye and Head Displacement to Targets Fixated in the Vertical and Horizontal Planes. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 31st Annual Meeting 1987. pp. 243-247.
“While the nature of the eye and head displacements to target acquisitions in the horizontal plane have been frequently studied, such investigations in the vertical plane are somewhat scarce. In the experiment reported herein the final displacements of the head, eye, and gaze were examined for target acquisitions in the vertical and horizontal planes. The subjects' task was to fixate on a central target until receiving a verbal command to fixate on one of four peripheral targets. The analysis of the mean head, eye, and gaze displacement data to the target locations suggests similar trends across the vertical and horizontal planes.”
© All rights reserved Janson et al. and/or Human Factors Society
Calhoun, Gloria L., Valencia, German and Furness, Thomas A. (1987): Three-Dimensional Auditory Cue Simulation for Crew Station Design/Evaluation. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 31st Annual Meeting 1987. pp. 1398-1402.
“A three-dimensional (3-D) auditory display can increase the pilot's situational awareness without requiring visual fixation. When visual acquisition is required, the directional sound can give the pilot a more rapid cue to aim the eyes or head. In order to determine the utility and performance of a 3-D auditory display for cockpit applications, a method for generating 3-D auditory cues is required for simulation. Two laboratory systems are described which create, from monaural stimuli, binaural stimuli which can be perceived as localized and stabilized in space, regardless of the listener's head position. Additionally, preliminary results of the localization performance with one approach are presented.”
© All rights reserved Calhoun et al. and/or Human Factors Society
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