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G. William Hill

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Publications by G. William Hill (bibliography)

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1989
 
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Leonard, S. David, Hill, G. William and Karnes, Edward W. (1989): Risk Perception and the Use of Warnings. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 33rd Annual Meeting 1989. pp. 550-554.

The purpose of the studies was to develop information about how the general public perceives the degree of danger represented by signal words in warnings. Although many organizations have guidelines for the determination of what signal words are to be used with specific hazards, these are usually unknown to the public. For 15 items that have been rated for the seriousness of risk, 288 subjects were asked to indicate which signal word they would use to inform others of the hazard. Signal words that can had been found to rate high in seriousness by Leonard, Karnes, and Schneider (1988) tended to be used more with items rated as high risks. Differences were found among age groups with older subjects using signal words that carried more serious connotations. The possible warnings that might be used were discussed.

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Leonard, S. David and Hill, G. William (1989): Risk Perception is Affected by Experience. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 33rd Annual Meeting 1989. pp. 1029-1033.

Use of safety devices concerns human factors and safety personnel both as a practical matter of reducing injuries and saving lives and as a basis for studying theories of human behavior. Many reasons are given for non-use of these devices. Seatbelt use provides a good model for examining generally what factors affect safety behaviors. Slovic, Fischoff, and Lichtenstein (1978) suggested that failure to use seatbelts resulted from fear extinction, in that the effort required to fasten the belt was not reinforced and ultimately habit strength was reduced. A test of this hypothesis provided evidence for fear as a factor. Professed seatbelt use was an increasing function of distance driven. In addition, other hazards examined generally showed the greater experience with a hazard the lower the perception of risk, supporting an extinction explanation.

© All rights reserved Leonard and Hill and/or Human Factors Society

 
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27 Feb 2010: Modified
26 Jun 2007: Added
26 Jun 2007: Added

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May 20

The moment clients realize that revisions are not an all-you-can-eat buffet, suddenly they realize they are not hungry.

-- Lester Beall

 
 

Featured chapter

Read the fascinating history of Wearable Computing, told by its father, Steve Mann

Read Steve's chapter !

 
 

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