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Fred Switzer

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Publications by Fred Switzer (bibliography)

1989

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Switzer, Fred and Idaszak, Jacqueline R. (1989): Effects of Crew Coordination and Level of Instruction on Process Control Operator Behavior. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 33rd Annual Meeting 1989. pp. 788-791.

“The effects of crew coordination and level of instruction on performance, system monitoring, operators' internal representation of the system, communication, and reaction were assessed in a laboratory simulation of a process control plant. Results indicated that crew coordination and procedures or principles-based instruction enhanced performance, but no interaction between these factors was found. System monitoring behavior was not affected by coordination or level of instruction but subjects receiving procedures or principles-based instruction perceived the task as requiring a higher level of effort. Internal representation and communication data are currently being analyzed.”

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Wickens, Christopher D., Marsh, Roger, Raby, Mireille, Straus, Susan, Cooper, Russell S., Hulin, Charles L. and Switzer, Fred (1989): Aircrew Performance as a Function of Automation and Crew Composition: A Simulator Study. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 33rd Annual Meeting 1989. pp. 792-796.

“In an experiment designed to examine the effect of crew composition and automation level on flight performance, fifty pilot-copilot crews flew a simulated instrument flight mission between three Michigan cities. Half of the crews were of homogeneous composition (both low or both high time), while half were heterogeneous consisting of one senior high time member and one junior low time member. Within each group, roughly half flew xxx with automated flight control and the other half flew manually. The flight was disrupted by periodic instrument failures. Results indicated that automation improved flight performance and lowered workload. While there was no overall difference in performance between homogeneous and heterogeneous crews, the latter group appeared to benefit more from the advantages that automation had to offer. The results are discussed in terms of the effect of automation on cockpit authority gradients, the role of flight experience, and of crew communications.”

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