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ReferencesNavigation arrowAuthorsNavigation arrowEsther Kloeppel
Jun 19

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Esther Kloeppel

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Publications by Esther Kloeppel (bibliography)

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1995
 
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Peters, Robert D., Kloeppel, Esther, Alicandri, Elizabeth, Fox, Jean E., Thomas, Maria L., Thorne, David R., Sing, Helen C. and Balwinski, Sharon M. (1995): Effects of Partial and Total Sleep Deprivation on Driving Performance. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 39th Annual Meeting 1995. p. 935.

“Official statistics from the Fatal Accident Reporting System indicate a trend toward an increase in fatigue-related accidents over the past five years. In addition, it is widely believed by researchers that the official statistics grossly underestimate the role of fatigue in accidents. This collaborative study was conducted to precisely define performance decrements that drivers experience under varying levels of partial and total sleep deprivation. A 4 (rested, partial, 36-hour, and 60-hour sleep deprivation) by 2 (gender) mixed factors design with repeated measures of driving performance in a high-fidelity driving simulator was used to define these performance decrements. Analyses revealed several critical driving performance measures that were significantly affected by sleep deprivation. Sleep deprivation effects were observed for speed, lateral placement variance, steering variance, lane excursions, and number of crashes, with dramatic deterioration of performance accompanying increasing levels of sleep deprivation. Regression analyses were conducted on the driving performance data to determine behavioral predictors of crashes. Lateral placement variance accounted for 86% of the variance in the number of crashes, demonstrating important safety implications and issues related to the development of both roadway and in-vehicle countermeasures. Development of countermeasures to detect drowsiness can help prevent crashes and enhance the safety of all road users. Future analyses of the data will include the application of neural nets to predict fatigue-related crashes.”

© All rights reserved Peters et al. and/or Human Factors Society

1994
 
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Kloeppel, Esther, Peters, Robert D., James, Christina, Fox, Jean E. and Alicandri, Elizabeth (1994): Comparison of Older and Younger Driver Responses to Emergency Driving Events. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 38th Annual Meeting 1994. p. 986.

“This study investigated the responses of older and younger drivers during performance of emergency maneuvers in an interactive driving simulator. Thirty-six drivers, equally distributed among three age groups (20-29; 35-44; 65-74) participated in the 20 mile simulated drive, during which they encountered four emergency events. Two baseline segments were also collected. The emergency events were situations where other vehicles performed unexpected maneuvers: pulling out in front of the subject's car from a side street, and turning left in front of the subject's car at an intersection. Information on driver performance variables, overall avoidance, and emergency avoidance response time was collected. Older drivers were not different from younger or middle-aged drivers in avoidance response time, speed, deviation from the speed limit, brake pedal force, and overall avoidance. Age differences were found in lateral placement at intersections. Older drivers drove further to the right of the lane center than younger and middle-aged drivers. It is believed that this is a result of a general conservatism of older drivers. This research narrows the scope of investigations into intersection accidents. Older drivers did not exhibit increased avoidance reaction times. In this experiment, subjects were not performing turning maneuvers. Future research should be directed, when possible, toward investigating driver behavior when making turning maneuvers across traffic.”

© All rights reserved Kloeppel et al. and/or Human Factors Society

 
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Changes to this page (author)

27 Jun 2007: Modified
26 Jun 2007: Added

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URL: http://www.interaction-design.org/references/authors/esther_kloeppel.html
Jun 19

“ ... there are no simple 'right' answers for most web design questions (at least not for the important ones). What works is good, integrated design that fills a need--carefully thought out, well executed, and tested. ”

-- Steve Krug, Don't Make Me Think, p. 136

 
 

Featured chapter

Read the fascinating history of Wearable Computing, told by its father, Steve Mann

Read Steve's chapter !

 
 

Latest books

The Social Design of Technical Systems: Building technologies for communities
by Brian Whitworth and Adnan Ahmad

 
Start reading

The Encyclopedia of Human-Computer Interaction, 2nd Ed.
by Mads Soegaard and Rikke Friis Dam

 
Start reading
 
 

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