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Edward W. Karnes

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Publication statistics

Pub. period:1988-1993
Pub. count:5
Number of co-authors:4

Co-authors

Number of publications with 3 favourite co-authors:

S. David Leonard:5
Elisabeth Creel:1
Herbert C. Newbold:1

Productive colleagues

Edward W. Karnes's 3 most productive colleagues in number of publications:

S. David Leonard:11
G. William Hill:2
Elisabeth Creel:1

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Edward W. Karnes

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Publications by Edward W. Karnes (bibliography)

1993

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Leonard, S. David and Karnes, Edward W. (1993): Development of Warnings Resulting from Forensic Activity. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 37th Annual Meeting 1993. pp. 501-505.

“One of the arguments given for pursuing the rights of injured parties through the legal system in cases involving ergonomics principles is that it encourages corporations to modify their products or the warnings given about them to produce a safer environment. Unfortunately, this does not occur as often in practice as might be hoped. This report describes a case in which support for ergonomic research was provided by a corporation that wanted to insure their warnings were adequate. The effectiveness of pictograms in aiding persons with a limited command of English was investigated. Pictograms were first tested on college students and modified in accord with the feedback obtained from them. For the final test, subjects who were taking courses in English-as-a-Second-Language and courses for adults who were learning to read were selected. They were shown a letter printed in Greek symbols with pictograph representing an individual calling to get more information about the letter, and they were asked to describe how they would go about determining what the letter said. Although not all subjects indicated that they would call the number listed, their responses indicated that they would use reasonable strategies for learning its contents. In addition to showing the feasibility of such research procedures, the experiment suggested that future research was needed on the development of symbols indicating the need "to do" certain activities.”

1991

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Leonard, S. David and Karnes, Edward W. (1991): Some Uses of Experimental Techniques in Forensic Human Factors. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 35th Annual Meeting 1991. pp. 595-599.

“N/R”

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Leonard, S. David, Creel, Elisabeth and Karnes, Edward W. (1991): Adequacy of Responses to Warning Terms. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 35th Annual Meeting 1991. pp. 1024-1028.

“Previous research has indicated that many persons have difficulty in describing the seriousness of hazards that are associated with some terms frequently used in warnings. Alternative explanations for this failure could be lack of understanding or simply inability to express their knowledge. Two studies were conducted in an effort to get more definitive information about what the general public knows about these terms. The obtained evidence suggested that many terms commonly used alone in warnings are not adequate to inform users of the extent of the hazards associated with those warnings. These results are discussed in terms of the need for completeness in warnings.”

1989

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Leonard, S. David, Hill, G. William and Karnes, Edward W. (1989): Risk Perception and the Use of Warnings. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 33rd Annual Meeting 1989. pp. 550-554.

“The purpose of the studies was to develop information about how the general public perceives the degree of danger represented by signal words in warnings. Although many organizations have guidelines for the determination of what signal words are to be used with specific hazards, these are usually unknown to the public. For 15 items that have been rated for the seriousness of risk, 288 subjects were asked to indicate which signal word they would use to inform others of the hazard. Signal words that can had been found to rate high in seriousness by Leonard, Karnes, and Schneider (1988) tended to be used more with items rated as high risks. Differences were found among age groups with older subjects using signal words that carried more serious connotations. The possible warnings that might be used were discussed.”

1988

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Karnes, Edward W., Leonard, S. David and Newbold, Herbert C. (1988): Safety Perceptions and Information Sources for ATVs. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 32nd Annual Meeting 1988. pp. 938-942.

“Safety issues concerning all-terrain vehicles (ATVs) have become important for human factors professionals, because of the need to reduce the accidents and injuries associated with their use. Human factors experts have also been called upon to testify in legal suits occasioned by some accidents. This paper discusses some of the problems associated with the safety of ATVs and presents data concerning riders and observes ability to estimate their speed. Speed estimates are lower than actual speeds at low speeds and higher than actual speeds at high speeds. It is concluded that information about the speed capabilities of ATVs is important consumer information and should be made conspicuous in advertising and other informational channels about ATVs.”

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