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Dennis Wixon

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Dennis Wixon

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Publications by Dennis Wixon (bibliography)

» 2009 «

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Seow, Steven C., Wixon, Dennis, MacKenzie, Scott, Jacucci, Giulio, Morrison, Ann and Wilson, Andy (2009): Multitouch and surface computing. In: Proceedings of ACM CHI 2009 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems 2009. pp. 4767-4770. Available online

“Natural user interfaces (NUI) such as multitouch and surface computing are positioned as the next major evolution in computing and user interfaces. Just graphical user interfaces (GUIs) brought unprecedented interaction capabilities to their command-line predecessors, we believe multitouch and surface computing will spawn novel ways to interact with media and improve social usage patterns. Since experimentation and deployment are currently limited, the exploration of applications and interfaces in this area is still at an early stage.”

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» 2008 «

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Kim, Jun H., Gunn, Daniel V., Schuh, Eric, Phillips, Bruce, Pagulayan, Randy J. and Wixon, Dennis (2008): Tracking real-time user experience (TRUE): a comprehensive instrumentation solution for complex systems. In: Proceedings of ACM CHI 2008 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems April 5-10, 2008. pp. 443-452. Available online

“Automatic recording of user behavior within a system (instrumentation) to develop and test theories has a rich history in psychology and system design. Often, researchers analyze instrumented behavior in isolation from other data. The problem with collecting instrumented behaviors without attitudinal, demographic, and contextual data is that researchers have no way to answer the 'why' behind the 'what'. We have combined the collection and analysis of behavioral instrumentation with other HCI methods to develop a system for Tracking Real-Time User Experience (TRUE). Using two case studies as examples, we demonstrate how we have evolved instrumentation methodology and analysis to extensively improve the design of video games. It is our hope that TRUE is adopted and adapted by the broader HCI community, becoming a useful tool for gaining deep insights into user behavior and improvement of design for other complex systems.”

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Bernhaupt, Regina, Ijsselsteijn, Wijand, Mueller, Florian, Tscheligi, Manfred and Wixon, Dennis (2008): Evaluating user experiences in games. In: Proceedings of ACM CHI 2008 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems April 5-10, 2008. pp. 3905-3908. Available online

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Wixon, Dennis and Pagulayan, Randy (2008): Halo 3: the theory and practice of a research-design partnership. In Interactions, 15 (1) pp. 52-55

» 2007 «

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Wixon, Dennis (2007): Guitar Hero: the inspirational story of an "overnight" success. In Interactions, 14 (3) pp. 16-17

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Wixon, Dennis and Reyes, August de los (2007): The design of emotionally engaging products. In Interactions, 14 (5) pp. 22-23

» 2006 «

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Wixon, Dennis (2006): Are we having fun yet?: computers as entertainment objects. In Interactions, 13 (1) pp. 46-60

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Wixon, Dennis (2006): What is a game?. In Interactions, 13 (2) pp. 37-ff

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Wixon, Dennis (2006): What works?. In Interactions, 13 (4) pp. 18-19

» 2005 «

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Olson, Gary M. and Wixon, Dennis (2005): CHI 2006: interact, inform, inspire. In Interactions, 12 (6) pp. 12-13

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Dray, Susan M., Karat, Clare-Marie, Rosenberg, Daniel, Siegel, David A. and Wixon, Dennis (2005): Is ROI an effective approach for persuading decision-makers of the value of user-centered design?. In: Proceedings of ACM CHI 2005 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems 2005. pp. 1168-1169. Available online

“This panel examines the utility and effectiveness of various ways of making the business case for user-centered design (UCD). Most of the discussion in our field has assumed that measuring and demonstrating ROI for usability is the key to this effort. However, experience shows that the most brilliant ROI analysis may not win the day in the real world of business. Our panelists range from people who claim that ROI is an important persuasive tool as long as the communication about ROI is happening within a healthy business relationship, to people who claim that a focus on ROI can actually be destructive. We also explore the idea that there are important business contexts where ROI simply does not fit. Through the presentations by the panelists and through discussion of a business case scenario, we explore some alternatives to ROI in making the business case for user-centered design.”

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» 2003 «

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Wixon, Dennis (2003): Evaluating usability methods: why the current literature fails the practitioner. In Interactions, 10 (4) pp. 28-34

» 1999 «

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Wixon, Dennis (1999): Rethinking Documentation and Interface: Reflections on Categorical Approaches. In ACM SIGDOC *Journal of Computer Documentation, 23 (4) pp. 12-14

“In the second of two commentaries on Winograd, Dennis Wixon examines Winograd's examples again and finds that in designing both documentation and product interfaces the best goal is to match user needs in diversity as well as in grain size.”

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» 1998 «

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Graefe, Thomas M. and Wixon, Dennis (1998): HCI Solutions for Managing the IT Infra-Structure. In ACM SIGCHI Bulletin, 30 (4) p. 66

“In a kick-off Special Interest Group (SIG) at CHI 97, participants focused on key design challenges in the domain of network and system management. At the conclusion of the CHI 97 SIG the group decided it would be helpful to continue to meet and to provide a forum for exploring solutions to these key design challenges. The CHI 98 SIG provided an opportunity for over 30 HCI practitioners and researchers in the management domain to share information about work in several key areas.”

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» 1997 «

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Graefe, Thomas M. and Wixon, Dennis (1997): HCI Design for Network and System Management: A CHI 97 Special Interest Group. In ACM SIGCHI Bulletin, 29 (4) pp. 79-80

» 1996 «

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Sawyer, Paul, Flanders, Alicia and Wixon, Dennis (1996): Making a Difference -- The Impact of Inspections. In: Tauber, Michael J., Bellotti, Victoria, Jeffries, Robin, Mackinlay, Jock D. and Nielsen, Jakob (eds.) Proceedings of the ACM CHI 96 Human Factors in Computing Systems Conference April 14-18, 1996, Vancouver, Canada. pp. 376-382. Available online

“In this methodology paper we define a metric we call impact ratio. We use this ratio to measure the effectiveness of inspections and other evaluative techniques in getting usability improvements into products. We inspected ten”

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Wixon, Dennis and Ramey, Judy (1996): Field Oriented Design Techniques: Case Studies and Organizing Dimensions. In ACM SIGCHI Bulletin, 28 (3) pp. 21-26

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Wixon, Dennis and Ramey, Judith (eds.) (1996): Field Methods Casebook for Software Design. John Wiley and Sons
View info on Amazon.com or .co.uk This link opens in a new window

» 1995 «

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Wixon, Dennis (1995): Qualitative Research Methods in Design and Development. In Interactions, 2 (4) pp. 19-26

“Qualitative and ethnographic research methods aren't simply new and different methods which can be directly "plugged" into an existing development process.”

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Wixon, Dennis (1995): "Cost Justifying Usability," edited by Randolph G. Bias and Deborah J. Mayhew. In ACM SIGCHI Bulletin, 27 (2) pp. 94-99

» 1993 «

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Wixon, Dennis (1993): "Principles and Guidelines in Software User Interface Design," by Deborah J. Mayhew. In ACM SIGCHI Bulletin, 25 (2) pp. 51-53

“The birth of the field of human computer interface design is often traced to the Gaithersburg conference 10 years ago. In the inevitable assessments of the impact of HCI after 10 years, questions have arisen about the applicability of research to product design. Deborah Mayhew's outstanding new book, Principles and Guidelines in Software User Interface Design, should dispel any doubts about the applicability of research to interface design. Mayhew distills a set of practical guidelines for designing better interfaces from a comprehensive, well-organized, and insightful review of the research literature.... In summary Mayhew has produced the best book on user interface guidelines to date. Already, my copy is filled with notes and stained with coffee.”

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» 1990 «

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Wixon, Dennis, Holtzblatt, Karen and Knox, Stephen T. (1990): Contextual Design: An Emergent View of System Design. In: Carrasco, Jane and Whiteside, John (eds.) Proceedings of the ACM CHI 90 Human Factors in Computing Systems Conference 1990, Seattle, Washington,USA. pp. 329-336.

“We offer an introduction to contextual design as an emergent method for building effective systems. Contextual design addresses a number of the inadequacies in previous methods by emphasizing: interview methods conducted in the context of the user's work, codesigning with the user, building an understanding of work in context, and summarizing conclusions through out the research. We contrast this design method to usability engineering and artifact examination.”

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» 1988 «

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Whiteside, John and Wixon, Dennis (1988): Contextualism as a World View for the Reformation of Meetings. In: Greif, Irene (ed.) Proceedings of the 1988 ACM conference on Computer-supported cooperative work September 26 - 28, 1988, Portland, Oregon, United States. pp. 369-376.

“The foundations for research and action in the area of group work are examined. Four alternative "world views" are presented. One of these, contextualism, is discussed in depth. Its methodological consequences for research and implications for reform of group meetings are explored.”

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» 1987 «

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Whiteside, John and Wixon, Dennis (1987): Discussion: Improving Human-Computer Interaction - a Quest for Cognitive Science. In: Carroll, John M. "Interfacing Thought". MIT Press pp. 353-367

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Whiteside, John and Wixon, Dennis (1987): The Dialectic of Usability Engineering. In: Bullinger, Hans-Jorg and Shackel, Brian (eds.) INTERACT 87 - 2nd IFIP International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction September 1-4, 1987, Stuttgart, Germany. pp. 17-20.

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Mosteller, William, Boies, Stephen J., Grantham, Charles E., Irby, Thomas, Rubinstein, Richard and Wixon, Dennis (1987): The politics of human factors. In: Graphics Interface 87 (CHI+GI 87) April 5-9, 1987, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. pp. 331-332.

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Wixon, Dennis and Good, Michael (1987): Interface Style and Eclecticism: Moving Beyond Categorical Approaches. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 31st Annual Meeting 1987. pp. 571-575.

“The weaknesses inherent in categorizing interfaces are discussed. Questions are raised about using categorical approaches in science and design. Alternative approaches are suggested with an emphasis on dimensional scope and contextual sensitivity. It is argued that interfaces should be seen in terms of their transparency and support for breakdown.”

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» 1985 «

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Mack, Robert L., Moran, Thomas P., Olson, Judith R. and Wixon, Dennis (1985): Computer Human Factors in Computer Interface Design. In: Borman, Lorraine and Curtis, Bill (eds.) Proceedings of the ACM CHI 85 Human Factors in Computing Systems Conference April 14-18, 1985, San Francisco, California. pp. 137-138.

“Human factors psychologist contribute in many ways to improving human-computer interaction. One contribution involves evaluating existing or prototype systems, in order to assess usability and identify problems. Another involves contributing more directly to the design of systems in the first place: that is, not only evaluating systems but bringing to bear empirical methods and theoretical considerations that help specify what are plausible designs in the first place. The goal of this panel is to discuss four case studies emphasizing this role of cognitive human factors, and identify relevant methods and theoretical considerations.”

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Wixon, Dennis and Whiteside, John (1985): Engineering for Usability: Lessons Learned from the User Derived Interface. In: Borman, Lorraine and Curtis, Bill (eds.) Proceedings of the ACM CHI 85 Human Factors in Computing Systems Conference April 14-18, 1985, San Francisco, California. pp. 144-147.

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Whiteside, John, Jones, Sandra, Levy, Paula S. and Wixon, Dennis (1985): User Performance with Command, Menu, and Iconic Interfaces. In: Borman, Lorraine and Curtis, Bill (eds.) Proceedings of the ACM CHI 85 Human Factors in Computing Systems Conference April 14-18, 1985, San Francisco, California. pp. 185-191.

“Performance and subjective reactions of 76 users of varying levels of computer experience were measured with 7 different interfaces representing command, menu, and iconic interface styles. The results suggest three general conclusions: * there are large usability differences between contemporary systems, * there is no necessary tradeoff between ease of use and ease of learning, * interface style is not related to performance or preference (but careful design is). Difficulties involving system feedback, input forms, help systems, and navigation aids occurred in all styles of interface: command, menu, and iconic. New interface technology did not solve old human factors problems.”

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» 1983 «

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Wixon, Dennis, Whiteside, John, Good, Michael and Jones, Sandra (1983): Building a User-Defined Interface. In: Smith, Raoul N., Pew, Richard W. and Janda, Ann (eds.) Proceedings of the ACM CHI 83 Human Factors in Computing Systems Conferenc December 12-15, 1983, Boston, Massachusetts, United States. pp. 24-27.

“A measurably easy-to-use interface has been built using a novel technique. Novices attempted an electronic mail task using a command-line interface containing no help, no menu, no documentation, and no instruction. A hidden operator intercepted commands when necessary, creating the illusion of a true interactive session. The software was repeatedly revised to recognize users' new commands; in essence, the users defined the interface. This procedure was used on 67 subjects. The first version of the software could recognize only 7% of all the subjects' spontaneously generated commands; the final version could recognize 76% of those commands. This experience contradicts the idea that people are not good at designing their own command languages. Through careful observation and analysis of user behavior, a mail interface unusable by novices evolved into one that let novices do useful work within minutes.”

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» 1982 «

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Whiteside, John, Archer, Norman P., Wixon, Dennis and Good, Michael (1982): How Do People Really Use Text Editors?. In: Limb, John O. (ed.) Proceedings of the SIGOA Conference on Office Information Systems 1982 June 21-23, 1982, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. pp. 29-40.

“Keystroke statistics were collected on editing systems while people performed their normal work. Knowledge workers used an experimental editor, and secretaries used a word processor. Results show a consistent picture of free use patterns in both settings. Of the total number of keystrokes, text entry accounted for approximately 1/2, cursor movement for about 1/4, deletion for about 1/8, and all other functions for the remaining 1/8. Analysis of keystroke transitions and editing states is also presented. Implications for past research, editor design, keyboard layout, and benchmark tests are discussed.”

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Changes to this page (author)

27 Feb 2010: Enabled abstracts to be shown on Dennis Wixon's author page.
09 Jul 2009: Author was added to the bibliography (approved by an editor)

03 Jun 2009: Author was edited
09 May 2009: Author was edited
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28 Apr 2003: Added the author to the bibliography

Publication statistics

Publication period:1982-2009
Publication count:32
Number of co-authors:41

Productive colleagues

Dennis Wixon's 3 most productive colleagues in number of publications:

Manfred Tscheligi:77
Thomas P. Moran:60
Susan M. Dray:41

Collaboration count

Number of publications with 3 favourite co-authors:

John Whiteside:7
Michael Good:3
Sandra Jones:2

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Learn more about Dennis Wixon:
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Conference Calendar

Mar 16

Science meets Arts: Leading scientists and designers explore the impact of developing technologies on society

Mar 21

WritersUA Conf. for Software User Assistance

Mar 22

UX People

Mar 15

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Dennis Wixon

Publications by Dennis Wixon (bibliography)

» 2009 «

» 2008 «

» 2007 «

» 2006 «

» 2005 «

» 2003 «

» 1999 «

» 1998 «

» 1997 «

» 1996 «

» 1995 «

» 1993 «

» 1990 «

» 1988 «

» 1987 «

» 1985 «

» 1983 «

» 1982 «

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