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Daniel G. Bobrow

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Daniel G. Bobrow

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Publications by Daniel G. Bobrow (bibliography)

» 2004 «

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Bellotti, Victoria, Dalal, Brinda, Good, Nathaniel, Flynn, Peter, Bobrow, Daniel G. and Ducheneaut, Nicolas (2004): What a to-do: studies of task management towards the design of a personal task list manager. In: Dykstra-Erickson, Elizabeth and Tscheligi, Manfred (eds.) Proceedings of ACM CHI 2004 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems April 24-29, 2004, Vienna, Austria. pp. 735-742. Available online

“This paper reports on the results of studies of task management to support the design of a task list manager. We examined the media used to record and organize to-dos and tracked how tasks are completed over time. Our work shows that, contrary to popular wisdom, people are not poor at prioritizing. Rather, they have well-honed strategies for tackling particular task management challenges. By illustrating what factors influence task completion and how representations function to support task management, we hope to provide a strong foundation for the design of a personal to-do list manager. We also present some preliminary efforts in this direction.”

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» 2003 «

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Yamauchi, Yutaka, Whalen, Jack and Bobrow, Daniel G. (2003): Information use of service technicians in difficult cases. In: Cockton, Gilbert and Korhonen, Panu (eds.) Proceedings of the ACM CHI 2003 Human Factors in Computing Systems Conference April 5-10, 2003, Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, USA. pp. 81-88.

» 2002 «

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Everett, John O., Bobrow, Daniel G., Stolle, Reinhard, Crouch, Richard S., Paiva, Valeria de, Condoravdi, Cleo, Berg, Martin van den and Polanyi, Livia (2002): Making ontologies work for resolving redundancies across documents. In Communications of the ACM, 45 (2) pp. 55-60

» 2000 «

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Bobrow, Daniel G. and Glance, Natalie S. (2000): Knowledge Ecologies - Introduction. In: HICSS 2000 2000. . Available online

» 1998 «

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O'Day, Vicky L., Bobrow, Daniel G., Bobrow, Kimberly, Shirley, Mark, Hughes, Billie and Walters, Jim (1998): Moving Practice: From Classrooms to MOO Rooms. In Computer Supported Cooperative Work, 7 (1) pp. 9-45

“We discuss design considerations in moving practice through the boundary from physical to virtual places. Although the examples are grounded in a school environment, we believe that the design tradeoffs apply to any networked collaborative space. The context for discussion is Pueblo, a MOO-based, cross-generation network learning community centered around a K-6 elementary school. The development of practice in Pueblo draws upon teachers' and students' experience with semi-structured classroom participation frameworks -- informal structures of social interaction which foster certain ways of thinking, doing, and learning through guided activities and conversations. We have translated several familiar frameworks into the Pueblo setting, using the classroom versions as models to be adapted and transformed as they are aligned with the affordances of the MOO. We identify four design dimensions that have emerged as particularly interesting and important in this process: audience, asynchrony and synchrony, attention and awareness, and prompts for reflection. We illustrate design choices in each dimension using several of the participation frameworks that have been translated into Pueblo. We discuss the relation between MOO affordances and design choices and provide examples of successful and unsuccessful alignment between them.”

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O'Day, Vicky L., Bobrow, Daniel G. and Shirley, Mark (1998): Network Community Design: A Social-Technical Design Circle. In Computer Supported Cooperative Work, 7 (3) pp. 315-337

“Network communities are especially interesting and useful settings in which to look closely at the co-evolution of technology and social practice, to begin to understand how to explore the full space of design options and implications. In a network community we have a magnified view of the interactions between social practice and technical mechanisms, since boundaries between designers and users are blurred and co-evolution here is unusually responsive to user experience. This paper is a reflection on how we have worked with social and technical design elements in Pueblo, a school-centered network community supported by a MOO (an Internet-accessible, text-based virtual world). Four examples from Pueblo illustrate different ways of exploring the design space. The examples show how designers can rely on social practice to simplify a technical implementation, how they can design technical mechanisms to work toward a desirable social goal, how similar technical implementations can have different social effects, and how social and technical mechanisms co-evolve. We point to complexities of the design process and emphasize the contributions of mediators in addressing communication breakdowns among a diverse group of designers.”

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» 1996 «

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O'Day, Vicky L., Bobrow, Daniel G. and Shirley, Mark (1996): The Social-Technical Design Circle. In: Olson, Gary M., Olson, Judith S. and Ackerman, Mark S. (eds.) Proceedings of the 1996 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work November 16 - 20, 1996, Boston, Massachusetts, United States. pp. 160-169.

“Computer systems developed for groups of people often have built-in social imperatives, either explicitly or implicitly brought to bear during technology design and use. Even when users are active, ongoing participants in design, conflicts can arise between the social assumptions inscribed in technical mechanisms and those in existing or proposed social practices, resulting in changes to both. This paper describes the joint evolution of tools and social practices in Pueblo, a school-centered learning community supported by a MOO (an Internet-accessible virtual world). Examples illustrate how one can design and use a social practice to simplify a technical implementation, and how one can make a choice in technical implementation to work towards a desirable social goal. Social and technical practices in a network community co-evolve as social values and policies become clearer and as growth in the community pushes it toward changes in the distribution of authority and power.”

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» 1991 «

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Tatar, Deborah G., Foster, Gregg and Bobrow, Daniel G. (1991): Design for Conversation: Lessons from Cognoter. In International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, 34 (2) pp. 185-209

“When studying the use of Cognoter, a multi-user idea organizing tool, we noticed that users encountered unexpected communicative breakdowns. Many of these difficulties stemmed from an incorrect model of conversation implicit in the design of the software. Drawing on recent work in psychology and sociology, we were able to create a more realistic model of the situation our users faced and apply it to the system to understand the breakdowns. We discovered that users encountered difficulties coordinating their conversational actions. They also had difficulty determining that they were talking about the same objects and actions in the workspace. This work led to the redesign of the tool and to the identification of areas for further exploration.”

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Gabriel, Richard P., White, Jon L. and Bobrow, Daniel G. (1991): CLOS: Integrating Object-Oriented and Functional Programming. In Communications of the ACM, 34 (9) pp. 28-38

» 1987 «

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Stefik, Mark, Bobrow, Daniel G., Foster, Gregg, Lanning, S. and Tatar, D. (1987): WYSIWIS Revised: Early Experiences with Multiuser Interfaces. In ACM Transactions on Information Systems, 5 (2) pp. 147-167

“WYSIWIS (What You Is What I See) is a foundational abstraction for multiuser interfaces that expresses many of the characteristics of a chalkboard in face-to face meetings. In its strictest interpretation, it means that everyone can also see the same written information and also see where anyone else is pointing. In our attempts to build software support for collaboration in meetings, we have discovered that WYSIWIS is crucial, yet too inflexible when strictly enforced. This paper is about the design issues and choices that arose in our first generation of meeting tools based on WYSIWIS. Several examples of multiuser interfaces that start from this abstraction are presented. These tools illustrate that there are inherent conflicts between the needs of a group and the needs of individuals, since user interfaces compete for the same display space and meeting time. To help minimize the effect of these conflicts, constraints were relaxed along four key dimensions of WYSIWIS: display space, time of display, subgroup population, and congruence of view. Meeting tools must be designed to support the changing needs of information sharing during process transitions, as subgroups are formed and dissolved, as individuals shift their focus of activity, and as the group shifts from multiple parallel activities to a single focused activity and back again.”

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Stefik, Mark, Foster, Gregg, Bobrow, Daniel G., Kahn, Kenneth M., Lanning, Stan and Suchman, Lucy A. (1987): Beyond the Chalkboard: Computer Support for Collaboration and Problem Solving in Meetings. In Communications of the ACM, 30 (1) pp. 32-47

» 1986 «

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Bobrow, Daniel G., Mittal, Sanjay and Stefik, Mark (1986): Expert Systems: Perils and Promise. In Communications of the ACM, 29 (9) pp. 880-894

» 1977 «

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Bobrow, Daniel G. and Winograd, Terry (1977): On Overview of KRL, a Knowledge Representation Language. In Cognitive Science, 1 (1) pp. 3-46

» 1976 «

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Deutsch, L. Peter and Bobrow, Daniel G. (1976): An Efficient, Incremental, Automatic Garbage Collector. In Communications of the ACM, 19 (9) pp. 522-526

» 1975 «

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Bobrow, Daniel G. (1975): A Note on Hash Linking. In Communications of the ACM, 18 (7) pp. 413-415

» 1973 «

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Bobrow, Daniel G. and Wegbreit, Ben (1973): A Model and Stack Implementation of Multiple Environments. In Communications of the ACM, 16 (10) pp. 591-603

» 1972 «

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Bobrow, Daniel G. (1972): Requirements for Advanced Programming Systems for List Processing. In Communications of the ACM, 15 (7) pp. 618-627

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Bobrow, Daniel G., Burchfiel, Jerry D., Murphy, Daniel L. and Tomlinson, Raymond S. (1972): TENEX, a Paged Time Sharing System for the PDP-10. In Communications of the ACM, 15 (3) pp. 135-143

» 1968 «

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Bobrow, Daniel G. and Fraser, J. Bruce (1968): A phonological rule tester. In Communications of the ACM, 11 (11) pp. 766-772

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Bobrow, Daniel G. and Murphy, Daniel L. (1968): A note on the efficiency of a LISP computation in a paged machine. In Communications of the ACM, 11 (8) p. 558

» 1967 «

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Bobrow, Daniel G. and Murphy, Daniel L. (1967): Structure of a LISP system using two-level storage. In Communications of the ACM, 10 (3) pp. 155-159

» 1964 «

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Bobrow, Daniel G. and Raphael, Bertram (1964): A comparison of list-processing computer languages: including a detailed comparison of COMIT, IPL-V, LISP 1.5, and SLIP. In Communications of the ACM, 7 (4) pp. 231-240

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Changes to this page (author)

10 Feb 2010: Enabled abstracts to be shown on Daniel G. Bobrow's author page.
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28 Apr 2003: Added the author to the bibliography

Publication statistics

Publication period:1964-2004
Publication count:22
Number of co-authors:39

Productive colleagues

Daniel G. Bobrow's 3 most productive colleagues in number of publications:

Terry Winograd:56
Victoria Bellotti:36
Lucy A. Suchman:23

Collaboration count

Number of publications with 3 favourite co-authors:

Mark Stefik:3
Daniel L. Murphy:3
Mark Shirley:3

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Learn more about Daniel G. Bobrow:
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Conference Calendar

Mar 22

Workshop on Pervasive healthcare in the home : Supporting patient motivation and engagement

Mar 22

UX People

Mar 22

ETRA '10 - Eye Tracking Research & Applications Symp.

Mar 21

“ Software design is the act of determining the user's experience with a piece of software. It has nothing to do with how the code works inside, or how big or small the code is. The designer's task is to specify completely and unambiguously the user's whole experience. ”

-- David Liddle, From Bringing Design to Software, edited by Terry Winograd, 1996 ”

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Daniel G. Bobrow

Publications by Daniel G. Bobrow (bibliography)

» 2004 «

» 2003 «

» 2002 «

» 2000 «

» 1998 «

» 1996 «

» 1991 «

» 1987 «

» 1986 «

» 1977 «

» 1976 «

» 1975 «

» 1973 «

» 1972 «

» 1968 «

» 1967 «

» 1964 «

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