Publication statistics
Pub. period:1986-1999
Pub. count:12
Number of co-authors:12
Co-authors
Number of publications with 3 favourite co-authors:
Patricia M. Jones:5Elizabeth D. Murphy:1Sharon Irving:1 Productive colleagues
Christine M. Mitchell's 3 most productive colleagues in number of publications:
James D. Foley:49Neff Walker:19Patricia M. Jones:11
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Christine M. Mitchell
Publications by Christine M. Mitchell (bibliography)
Ockerman, Jennifer J. and Mitchell, Christine M. (1999): Case-Based Design Browser to Support Software Reuse: Theoretical Structure and Empirical Evaluation. In International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 51 (5) pp. 865-893.
“With the proliferation of large, complex software systems, reuse of previous software designs and software artifacts, such as operation concepts, requirements, specifications and source code, is an important issue for both industry and government. Reuse has long been expected to result in substantial productivity and quality gains. To date, this expectation has been largely unmet. One reason may be the lack of tools to support software reuse. This research proposes the development of one such tool, the Design Browser. The Design Browser is a software architecture intended to support designers of large software systems in the early stages of software design, specifically conceptual design. The Design Browser is based on principles derived from cognitive engineering (e.g. Woods&Roth, 1988a); naturalistic decision-making, particularly Klein's (1989) recognition-primed decision making model; and Kolodner's (1993) approach to case-based reasoning. As a proof-of-concept demonstration, the Design Browser was implemented for a NASA satellite control sub-system-the command management system (CMS). An empirical evaluation was conducted. It used the CMS Design Browser and participants who were part of the three user groups often involved in large-scale commercial software development. These groups are the software design team, the users and management. The results of the evaluation show that all three groups found the CMS Design Browser quite useful as demonstrated by actual performance and subjective rating.”
© All rights reserved Ockerman and Mitchell and/or Academic Press
Jones, Patricia M. and Mitchell, Christine M. (1994): Model-Based Communicative Acts: Human-Computer Collaboration in Supervisory Control. In International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 41 (4) pp. 527-551.
“Supervisory control environments can be characterized as dynamic, complex. uncertain, and risky. The cognitive demands placed on human supervisory controllers are driven by the continual need for situation assessment (including active information seeking), active goal-setting and planning, and anticipatory as well as reactive control actions and compensating for abnormal system conditions. One way to improve the human-machine system is with intelligent support systems that provide context-sensitive displays, dialogue, and resources for activity management. The Georgia Tech Mission Operations Cooperative Assistant (GT-MOCA) is an example of such a system for NASA satellite ground control. The design of GT-MOCA is based on (1) principles of human-computer cooperative problem solving, partly derived from an analysis of human communication literature, (2) empirical study of the use of an existing real-time expert system for satellite ground control, and (3) the OFMspert architecture which provides dynamic intent inferencing organized around the operator function model. GT-MOCA provides three major resources for cooperative support: interactive graphics of system components, an inspectable and interactive visualization of current activity requirements, and message lists organized around major communicative functions such as advice and various types of alerts. This paper focuses on the representation of the communicative acts that are the underpinning of these message lists and details how such acts are integrated into the operator function model of activity. An analysis of GT-MOCA with respect to human communication literature and an empirical evaluation of GT-MOCA show that it does support relevant and timely interaction with human problem solvers and does provide some performance benefits.”
© All rights reserved Jones and Mitchell and/or Academic Press
Foley, James D., Mitchell, Christine M. and Walker, Neff (1992): Human-Computer Interaction Research at Georgia Institute of Technology. In: Bauersfeld, Penny, Bennett, John and Lynch, Gene (eds.) Proceedings of the ACM CHI 92 Human Factors in Computing Systems Conference June 3-7, 1992, Monterey, California. pp. 61-62.
Mitchell, Christine M. (1992): Evolution of Control Rooms from Low Tech to High Tech: What Do We Do with All that New Technology?. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 36th Annual Meeting 1992. .
Irving, Sharon and Mitchell, Christine M. (1991): Report on the CHI'90 Workshop on Computer-Human Interaction in Aerospace Systems. In ACM SIGCHI Bulletin, 23 (1) pp. 17-23.
Cohen, Sally, Mitchell, Christine M. and Govindaraj, T. (1991): Analysis and Aiding the Human Operator in Electronics Assembly. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 35th Annual Meeting 1991. pp. 403-407.
“This paper describes the use of the operator function model (OFM) to represent troubleshooting of printed circuit board assemblies. The model is potentially useful for understanding the troubleshooting process and providing the knowledge required by either a computer-based decision support system or an intelligent tutoring system. The model was derived from empirical data based on observations and concurrent protocols of troubleshooters. The 'raw' data were converted into cases. Based on analysis of the troubleshooting cases, an operator function model of troubleshooting was proposed. Model validation entailed comparison of model predicted troubleshooting with actual operator troubleshooting.”
© All rights reserved Cohen et al. and/or Human Factors Society
Jones, Patricia M. and Mitchell, Christine M. (1991): Human-Computer Cooperative Problem Solving in Satellite Ground Control. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 35th Annual Meeting 1991. pp. 408-412.
“In the supervisory control of highly automated dynamic systems, the human operator is responsible for monitoring system state and compensating for system failures. Increasingly, the human operator interacts with one or more knowledge-based (e.g., expert) systems that assume responsibility for a portion of the supervisory control task. Thus supervisory control is shared by both human and machine agent(s). To date, however, there is little research addressing the interaction of human and knowledge-based machine agents in supervisory control. This paper describes research that explores issues in the design of the cooperative human-machine interaction in the control of a complex dynamic system. The paper presents a set of prescriptive principles that define the human-computer interaction in supervisory control systems. In addition, the paper summarizes a case study of a NASA satellite ground control system in which human operators work with an expert system. The prescriptive principles and case study results form the basis of an architecture for cooperative problem solving for real-time control of dynamic systems.”
© All rights reserved Jones and Mitchell and/or Human Factors Society
Jacobs, Steven M., Boys, Randy, Hefley, William and Mitchell, Christine M. (1990): Real-Time Decision Making. In: Carrasco, Jane and Whiteside, John (eds.) Proceedings of the ACM CHI 90 Human Factors in Computing Systems Conference 1990, Seattle, Washington,USA. pp. 209-212.
Jones, Patricia M., Mitchell, Christine M. and Rubin, Kenneth S. (1990): Validation of Intent Inferencing by a Model-Based Operator's Association. In International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, 33 (2) pp. 177-202.
“OFMspert (Operator Function Model expert system) is an architecture for an intelligent operator's associate. The function of such an associate is to provide intelligent assistance for the human operator of a complex dynamic system. The basis for intelligent, context-sensitive advice and reminders is the ability of the associate to infer likely operator intentions in real time. This paper describes the implementation and validation of OFMspert's intent inferencing capability. In particular, a two-stage methodology for validation is proposed. This methodology is then used in the experimental validation of OFMspert's intent inferencing.”
© All rights reserved Jones et al. and/or Academic Press
Jones, Patricia M. and Mitchell, Christine M. (1989): Operator Models for Supervisory Control Systems. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 33rd Annual Meeting 1989. pp. 291-295.
“This paper presents a conceptual discussion of four human operator models that are potentially useful for supervisory control applications: the operator function model (Mitchell, 1987), the problem behavior graph (Newell and Simon, 1972), the decision ladder (Rasmussen, 1986), and goal-means network (Woods and Hollnagel, 1987). These models are characterized along the dimensions proposed by Jones and Mitchell (1987) and are further examined in-depth with the use of verbal protocols collected concurrently with the performance of a supervisory control task.”
© All rights reserved Jones and Mitchell and/or Human Factors Society
Jones, Patricia M. and Mitchell, Christine M. (1987): Operator Modeling: Conceptual and Methodological Distinctions. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 31st Annual Meeting 1987. pp. 31-35.
“In trying to understand how a human operator interacts with a complex system, it is important both from a theoretical and an applied viewpoint that we build a model of the human's behavior in such an environment. This paper briefly reviews different models of the human operator and characterizes them in terms of four conceptual dimensions: purpose, structure, content, and specificity. Methodological issues in operator modeling are also considered.”
© All rights reserved Jones and Mitchell and/or Human Factors Society
Murphy, Elizabeth D. and Mitchell, Christine M. (1986): Cognitive Attributes: Implications for Display Design in Supervisory Control Systems. In International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, 25 (4) pp. 411-438.
“Based on a review of the literature, a cognitive model of human information processing is presented. The model synthesizes several perspectives with the intent of suggesting guidelines for human-computer interface designers of supervisory control systems. Given this model, the paper identifies 18 attributes of cognition that are particularly relevant to information display design and real-time decision-making. The discussion of each attribute of cognition has four components. First, each cognitive attribute is defined based on current interpretations in the cognitive-psychology literature. Next, given traditional design approaches, likely negative outcomes of automation as they affect the cognitive attribute are identified. Third, given the hypothesized effects, improvements in conventional design are suggested. Finally, the discussion of each cognitive attribute concludes with an example drawn from existing command and control environments. The paper is intended to provide a well-defined and coherent background for empirical research exploring alternative strategies of human-computer interface design for decision-makers in supervisory control systems.”
© All rights reserved Murphy and Mitchell and/or Academic Press
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