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Brian P. Cooper

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Publications by Brian P. Cooper (bibliography)

1994

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Cooper, Brian P. and Fisk, Arthur D. (1994): Age Similarities in Complex Memory Search: An Extension of Dual Process Theory. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 38th Annual Meeting 1994. pp. 165-169.

“Understanding age-related similarities and differences in development of cognitive skill is important as it can inform theories of cognitive aging as well as serve the pragmatic value of informing those individuals who are developing age-related interventions for numerous activities of daily living. We investigated both the performance and learning of skilled memory search, a task that has shown age-related similarity in performance if sufficient consistent practice is provided, to determine if training guidelines for this class of processing activities is applicable to both young and old adults. Old and young adults received memory search training, and then the participants were transferred to untrained exemplars of the trained memory set categories. The results suggest that both young and old adults are, at least to some extent, learning at the semantic-category level. This study provides additional evidence that training guidelines derived from an automatic and controlled processing framework can be applied to an older adult population in tasks which have memory search components.”

1992

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Cooper, Brian P., Lee, Mark D., Goska, Robert E., Anderson, Marjo M., Gay, Jr. Paul E., Fickes, Lynne Ann and Fisk, Arthur D. (1992): Age-Related Effects in Consistent Memory Search: Performance is the Same but What about Learning?. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 36th Annual Meeting 1992. pp. 146-150.

“Two experiments were conducted to investigate the mechanisms which underlie the learning in consistently mapped (CM) memory search. In Experiment 1, old and young adults were trained in both CM and variably mapped (VM) category search. The training results replicate previous findings by Fisk and Rogers (1991). Even though older adults are initially at a disadvantage relative to young adults, the comparison times of young and old adults are near zero after CM training. For VM, older adults remain at a disadvantage relative to younger adults, even after extensive training. A full reversal manipulation was implemented in Experiment 2 to investigate the learning in memory search. Initially, the young subjects were less affected by the full reversal condition compared to the performance of the older adults. However, older subjects quickly recovered and both young and old were performing at trained CM levels within 60 trials of additional practice. These results suggest: (a) attention is not being trained in CM memory search; (b) automatic category activation does not contribute much, if at all, to the performance improvement in memory search; and (c) age-invariant learning mechanisms account for performance improvement in CM memory search.”

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Cooper, Brian P., Eggemeier, F. Thomas, Elvers, Greg C. and Adapathya, Ravi S. (1992): Secondary Task Assessment of the Workload Associated with Spatial Pattern Search under Automatic and Controlled Processing. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 36th Annual Meeting 1992. pp. 1301-1305.

“This experiment investigated the workload associated with both a consistently mapped (CM) and variably mapped (VM) version of a memory/visual search task that required the processing of spatial pattern information representative of that found with some Command and Control (C{squared}) systems. A secondary loading task paradigm which required concurrent performance of an additional spatial pattern search task was employed. The results demonstrated superior dual-task performance relative to single-task baselines on both the primary and secondary tasks when the CM version of the task was performed. The results indicate that the development of automatic processing through training can reduce the workload associated with processing spatial patterns of the type employed by C{squared} operators.”

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