Publication statistics
Pub. period:1992-1995
Pub. count:6
Number of co-authors:7
Co-authors
Number of publications with 3 favourite co-authors:
Michael J. Kalsher:6Michael S. Wogalter:4Marilyn E. Spunar:1 Productive colleagues
Bernadette M. Racicot's 3 most productive colleagues in number of publications:
Michael S. Wogalte..:60Michael J. Kalsher:20Marilyn E. Spunar:2
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Bernadette M. Racicot
Publications by Bernadette M. Racicot (bibliography)
Spunar, Marilyn E., Racicot, Bernadette M. and Kalsher, Michael J. (1995): Camera Surveillance: The Effect of Policy Characteristics on Perceived Fairness and Organizational Commitment. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 39th Annual Meeting 1995. pp. 814-818.
“The use of camera surveillance in the workplace is increasing. Many corporations have found that cameras are an appropriate tool for reducing employee theft and monitoring employee performance. However, little research has been done on camera surveillance to determine its effects on perceptions of fairness and organizational commitment. Prior research in both electronic performance monitoring and drug testing has shown that measures of fairness and commitment are affected by the purpose of the policy, degree of control allowed to workers, and the severity of outcomes resulting from such policies. The current study examined the effects of purpose (theft reduction versus cheating), type of surveillance (overt versus covert), and consequences of detection (probation versus dismissal) on perceptions of fairness and organizational commitment. Results indicated that participants rated camera surveillance policies intended to reduce theft as more fair than those intended to reduce cheating. Overt policies were perceived as more fair than covert policies. No significant effect of consequence was obtained. Results of a two-stage regression analysis indicated that perceived fairness mediated the relationship between purpose and type of surveillance and organizational commitment. Implications for the development and implementation of camera surveillance policies are discussed.”
© All rights reserved Spunar et al. and/or Human Factors Society
Kalsher, Michael J., Wogalter, Michael S., Pucci, Shari and Racicot, Bernadette M. (1994): Enchancing the Perceived Readability of Pharmaceutical Container Labels and Warnings: The Use of Alternative Designs and Pictorials. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 38th Annual Meeting 1994. pp. 384-388.
“The appropriate use of pharmaceuticals, as well as their hazards, are not commonly known to most people. In fact, the only information available to consumers is usually the material found on the product label. Unfortunately, for some consumers this method of communicating instructions and risks may be ineffective, and potentially dangerous. People may have difficulty with the labels because the print on the label is too small for them to read. Two alternative (tag and fold-out) designs were developed to increase the available surface area for information printed on a fictitious prescription drug label. The alternative label designs were compared to a standard control label. The presence versus the absence of pictorials visually depicting several instructions and warnings was also examined. Participants rated the labels on ease of reading the labels, likelihood of noticing the warnings, likelihood of reading the warnings, preference for each of the labels, and likelihood that they would recommend each label for use by a friend or family member. The results showed that participants (n = 84) preferred the alternative label designs, especially the tag labels, and those with illustrative pictorials. Implications of these results and recommendations for future research in this area are discussed.”
© All rights reserved Kalsher et al. and/or Human Factors Society
Kalsher, Michael J., Rodocker, Angela J., Racicot, Bernadette M. and Wogalter, Michael S. (1993): Promoting Recycling Behavior in Office Environments. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 37th Annual Meeting 1993. pp. 484-488.
“Rapid declines in available landfill space have sparked specific interest in recycling programs focused on increasing the quantity of materials recycled. This focus on quantity, rather than quality, has produced a glut of paper which currently comprises nearly 40% of all solid waste produced each year in the U.S. In recent years, recycling facilities have become increasingly selective with regard to the paper materials they accept because contaminants (e.g., food, gummy labels, carbon paper, staples, styrofoam products) reduce the recyclability of the collected material. In this study, a "low-tech" sort separation intervention was used to decrease the amount of contaminants in recyclable paper collected from four campus office buildings. A multiple baseline design across settings was used to evaluate the intervention, that consisted of an educational pamphlet, interactive group discussion, attention-getting posters, and environmental arrangement of color-coded paper collection bins to increase ease of use and convenience. Following the intervention, the percentage of correctly sorted paper increased from 25.5%”
© All rights reserved Kalsher et al. and/or Human Factors Society
Wogalter, Michael S., Racicot, Bernadette M., Kalsher, Michael J. and Simpson, S. Noel (1993): Behavioral Compliance with Personalized Warning Signs and the Role of Perceived Relevance. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 37th Annual Meeting 1993. pp. 950-954.
“Recent research has shown that compliance to a posted warning sign is much lower than the same warning located within a set of task instructions, even when the sign is highly visible. One possible reason for this finding is that participants' believe the sign to be less relevant to the task and to themselves than the within-instructions warning. One purpose of the present research was to examine whether a personalized sign (with the participant's name) is more effective than a more conventional impersonal sign (with the signal word CAUTION). A second purpose was to examine the influence of a dynamic display compared to a static display. A sign composed of programmable light-emitting diodes (LEDs) presented the warning message using special effects (apparent motion) or it was displayed continuously. A third purpose was to examine whether various sign placements in a cluttered laboratory environment influences compliance. The wearing of protective equipment by participants as directed by the warning was the measure of behavioral compliance in a chemistry laboratory task. More participants wore the protective equipment when a warning was present than when it was absent. The personalized sign increased compliance compared to the impersonal sign. No effect of dynamic presentation was found, and the only effect among sign placements was found for perceived accuracy. The effect of personalization is explained in terms of the special alerting feature of one's own name and increased perceived relevance that results when the message is directed to them. Implications for flexible control of personalized warning messages using available technology are discussed.”
© All rights reserved Wogalter et al. and/or Human Factors Society
Racicot, Bernadette M., Cash, Michele and Kalsher, Michael J. (1993): Perceived Fairness of Drug Screening and Performance Testing as Methods for Detecting Performance Impairment. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 37th Annual Meeting 1993. pp. 1161-1164.
“Drug abuse is prevalent and impacts all aspects of society, including the workplace. Testing for impairment due to alcohol or other drug use has become commonplace in organizational settings. Despite potential problems with accuracy, the most commonly used method of screening is urinalysis. As drug testing becomes more common, concern over employees' rights to privacy and fairness of drug testing has also increased. Performance testing has been proposed as a solution to the problems associated with urinalysis, for jobs where eye-hand coordination is critical to job performance. Performance testing is based on the compensatory tracking task and involves correcting for the unpredictable movement of a visual stimulus on a computer screen. Although research suggests that urinalysis testing is perceived as fair in some situations (e.g., where need is high such as in safety-sensitive jobs), no research has been conducted which examines the perceived fairness of performance testing. The purpose of the current research was to examine the effects of type of testing (urinalysis versus performance testing) and need for testing (high versus low accident history) on perceived fairness and invasion of privacy. In addition, the effects of fairness and invasiveness on the willingness to apply for a job in the company and acceptance of the screening policy was examined. One-hundred adults participated in the study. Results indicated that urinalysis screening was perceived as more fair than performance testing. No effects of need (accident rate) were obtained for either fairness or invasion of privacy. Multiple regression analysis indicated that both fairness perceptions and invasion of privacy predicted willingness to apply for a job and acceptance of the policy. Implications of the results and suggestions for future research are discussed.”
© All rights reserved Racicot et al. and/or Human Factors Society
Wogalter, Michael S., Kalsher, Michael J. and Racicot, Bernadette M. (1992): The Influence of Location and Pictorials on Behavioral Compliance to Warnings. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors Society 36th Annual Meeting 1992. pp. 1029-1033.
“The efficacy of two warning-related factors to produce cautionary behavior in a chemistry laboratory task was examined. Experiment 1 compared the effects of a posted-sign warning and a within-instruction warning on behavioral compliance. The results showed that a warning embedded in a set of task instructions produced significantly greater compliance (the wearing of protective gear) than a similar, larger warning posted as a sign nearby. Experiment 2 reexamined the effect of location and also examined the influence of the presence versus absence of pictorials. The results of Experiment 2 confirmed the location effect of Experiment 1. No influence of pictorials was noted, although there was a nonsignificant increase in compliance when pictorials were added to the within-instruction warning. The results indicate that warning placement is important for eliciting behavioral compliance to safety messages. Explanations such as differences in field of view and perceived relevance are discussed.”
© All rights reserved Wogalter et al. and/or Human Factors Society
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