A. J. Bernheim Brush
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"A. J. Brush"
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Publications by A. J. Bernheim Brush (bibliography)
» 2009 «
Chetty, Marshini, Brush, A. J. Bernheim, Meyers, Brian R. and Johns, Paul (2009): It's not easy being green: understanding home computer power management. In: Proceedings of ACM CHI 2009 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems 2009. pp. 1033-1042. Available online
Although domestic computer use is increasing, most efforts to reduce energy use through improved power management have focused on computers in the workplace. We studied 20 households to understand how people use power management strategies on their home computers. We saw computers in the home, particularly desktop computers, are left on much more than they are actively used suggesting opportunities for economic and energy savings. However, for most of our participants, the economic incentives were too minor to motivate them to turn off devices when not in use, especially given other frustrations such as long boot up times. We suggest research directions for home computer power management that could help users be more green without having to dramatically change their home computing habits.
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Karlson, Amy K., Brush, A. J. Bernheim and Schechter, Stuart (2009): Can i borrow your phone?: understanding concerns when sharing mobile phones. In: Proceedings of ACM CHI 2009 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems 2009. pp. 1647-1650. Available online
Mobile phones are becoming increasingly personalized in terms of the data they store and the types of services they provide. At the same time, field studies have reported that there are a variety of situations in which it is natural for people to share their phones with others. However, most mobile phones support a binary security model that offers all-or-nothing access to the phone. We interviewed 12 smartphone users to explore how security and data privacy concerns affected their willingness to share their mobile phones. The diversity of guest user categorizations and associated security constraints expressed by the participants suggests the need for a security model richer than today's binary model.
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Brush, A. J. Bernheim, Meyers, Brian R., Scott, James and Venolia, Gina (2009): Exploring awareness needs and information display preferences between coworkers. In: Proceedings of ACM CHI 2009 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems 2009. pp. 2091-2094. Available online
Technology makes it possible to share many different types of information with coworkers. We conducted a large-scale survey (N=549) to better understand current sharing among coworkers, how people stay aware of collocated and remote coworkers, and whether their willingness to share different types of awareness information changes based on the location in which the information is displayed. Contrary to our expectations, the display location did not greatly affect what respondents were willing to share. Our results also suggest considerations for researchers building situated displays, as respondents had concerns about unintended viewers and encouraging people to visit their personal space when they were not present.
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Schechter, Stuart, Brush, A. J. Bernheim and Egelman, Serge (2009): It's no secret: measuring the security and reliability of authentication via 'secret' questions. In: Proceedings of the 2009 Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security 2009. p. 40. Available online
» 2008 «
Grimes, Andrea and Brush, A. J. Bernheim (2008): Life scheduling to support multiple social roles. In: Proceedings of ACM CHI 2008 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems April 5-10, 2008. pp. 821-824. Available online
We present the results of our study of 15 working parents, and how they manage their life scheduling needs, that is, how they manage their personal and professional schedules across settings and calendaring tools. In particular, we discuss how their dual roles of parent and employee compel them to record personal information on their professional calendars and we detail the tensions that arise in doing so. Finally, we present suggestions for future calendaring applications that better support working parents in managing their life scheduling needs.
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Morris, Dan, Brush, A. J. Bernheim and Meyers, Brian R. (2008): SuperBreak: using interactivity to enhance ergonomic typing breaks. In: Proceedings of ACM CHI 2008 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems April 5-10, 2008. pp. 1817-1826. Available online
Repetitive strain injuries and ergonomics concerns have become increasingly significant health issues as a growing number of individuals frequently use computers for long periods of time. Currently, limited software mechanisms exist for managing ergonomics; the most well-known are "break-reminder" packages that schedule and recommend typing breaks. Yet despite the proven benefits of taking breaks, such packages are rarely adopted due to the over-head of introducing periodic interruptions into a user's workflow. In this paper, we describe SuperBreak, a break-reminder package that provides hands-free interactions during breaks, with the goal of encouraging users to take more breaks and enhancing the benefits of those breaks. In a field study of 26 knowledge workers, 85% preferred SuperBreak over a traditional break-reminder system, and on average participants took a higher percentage of the interactive breaks suggested to them. Our results highlight the value of interactivity for improving the adoption and retention of ergonomic break practices.
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Brush, A. J. Bernheim, Inkpen, Kori M. and Tee, Kimberly (2008): SPARCS: exploring sharing suggestions to enhance family connectedness. In: Proceedings of ACM CSCW08 Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work 2008. pp. 629-638. Available online
Staying in touch with extended family members can be a challenge in part because of the time and effort required, even with the help of current technologies. To explore the value of sharing suggestions in sparking communication and facilitating sharing between extended families, we iteratively built SPARCS, a prototype that encourages frequent sharing of photos and calendar information between extended families. Results from a five-week field study with 7 pairs of families highlight a number of important features for an ideal sharing system to help families stay connected, including asynchronous chat and easily configurable sharing suggestions.
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Egelman, Serge, Brush, A. J. Bernheim and Inkpen, Kori M. (2008): Family accounts: a new paradigm for user accounts within the home environment. In: Proceedings of ACM CSCW08 Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work 2008. pp. 669-678. Available online
In this paper we present Family Accounts, a new user account model for shared home computers. We conducted a study with sixteen families, eight who used individual profiles at home, and eight who shared a single profile. Our results demonstrate that Family Accounts is a good compromise between a single shared profile and individual profiles for each family member. In particular, we observed that because Family Accounts allowed individuals to switch profiles without forcing them to interrupt their tasks, family members tended to switch to their own profiles only when a task required some degree of privacy or personalization.
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Morris, Meredith Ringel, Brush, A. J. Bernheim and Meyers, Brian (2008): A field study of knowledge workers' use of interactive horizontal displays. In: Third IEEE International Workshop on Tabletops and Interactive Surfaces Tabletop 2008 October 1-3, 2008, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. pp. 105-112. Available online
Everitt, Katherine, Morris, Meredith Ringel, Brush, A. J. Bernheim and Wilson, Andrew D. (2008): DocuDesk: An interactive surface for creating and rehydrating many-to-many linkages among paper and digital documents. In: Third IEEE International Workshop on Tabletops and Interactive Surfaces Tabletop 2008 October 1-3, 2008, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. pp. 25-28. Available online
» 2007 «
Brush, A. J. Bernheim, Meyers, Brian R., Tan, Desney S. and Czerwinski, Mary (2007): Understanding memory triggers for task tracking. In: Proceedings of ACM CHI 2007 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems 2007. pp. 947-950. Available online
Software can now track which computer applications and documents you use. This provides us with the potential to help end-users recall past activities for tasks such as status reporting. We describe findings from field observations of eight participants writing their status reports. We observed interesting trends, including the reliance on memory triggers, which were either retrieved from explicit self-reminders, from implicit breadcrumbs left while performing their tasks or directly from memory. Participants perceived spending relatively short amounts of time composing their status reports, suggesting that any technology solution must offer dramatic improvements over current practice.
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Neustaedter, Carman, Brush, A. J. Bernheim and Greenberg, Saul (2007): A digital family calendar in the home: lessons from field trials of LINC. In: Proceedings of the 2007 Conference on Graphics Interface 2007. pp. 199-206. Available online
Digital family calendars have the potential to help families coordinate, yet they must be designed to easily fit within existing routines or they will simply not be used. To understand the critical factors affecting digital family calendar design, we extended LINC, an inkable family calendar to include ubiquitous access, and then conducted a month-long field study with four families. Adoption and use of LINC during the study demonstrated that LINC successfully supported the families' existing calendaring routines without disrupting existing successful social practices. Families also valued the additional features enabled by LINC. For example, several primary schedulers felt that ubiquitous access positively increased involvement by additional family members in the calendaring routine. The field trials also revealed some unexpected findings, including the importance of mobility -- both within and outside the home -- for the Tablet PC running LINC.
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Morris, Meredith Ringel, Brush, A. J. Bernheim and Meyers, Brian (2007): Reading Revisited: Evaluating the Usability of Digital Display Surfaces for Active Reading Tasks. In: Second IEEE International Workshop on Horizontal Interactive Human-Computer Systems Tabletop 2007 October 10-12, 2007, Newport, Rhode Island, USA. pp. 79-86. Available online
Brush, A. J. Bernheim and Inkpen, Kori M. (2007): Yours, Mine and Ours? Sharing and Use of Technology in Domestic Environments. In: Krumm, John, Abowd, Gregory D., Seneviratne, Aruna and Strang, Thomas (eds.) UbiComp 2007 Ubiquitous Computing - 9th International Conference September 16-19, 2007, Innsbruck, Austria. pp. 109-126. Available online
Fisher, Danyel, Brush, A. J. Bernheim, Hogan, Bernie, Smith, Marc A. and Jacobs, Andy (2007): Using Social Metadata in Email Triage: Lessons from the Field. In: Smith, Michael J. and Salvendy, Gavriel (eds.) Symposium on Human Interface 2007 - Part II July 22-27, 2007, Beijing, China. pp. 13-22. Available online
» 2006 «
Neustaedter, Carman and Brush, A. J. Bernheim (2006): "LINC-ing" the family: the participatory design of an inkable family calendar. In: Proceedings of ACM CHI 2006 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems 2006. pp. 141-150. Available online
Families must continually organize, plan, and stay aware of the activities of their households in order to coordinate everyday life. Despite having organization schemes, many people still feel overwhelmed when it comes to family coordination. To help overcome this, we present our research efforts on LINC: an inkable family calendar designed for the kitchen. LINC was developed using a participatory design process involving interviews, paper prototyping, and a formative evaluation. Our work outlines key implications for digital family calendars and family coordination systems in general. We found that coordination is not typically done through the family calendar; rather, the family calendar is a tool that provides family members with an awareness of activities and changes that in turn enables coordination. Thus, digital family calendars should provide tools that enable families to use their own coordination routines which leverage the social affordances prominent in existing paper calendars.
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Fisher, Danyel, Brush, A. J. Bernheim, Gleave, Eric and Smith, Marc A. (2006): Revisiting Whittaker & Sidner's "email overload" ten years later. In: Proceedings of ACM CSCW06 Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work 2006. pp. 309-312. Available online
Ten years ago, Whittaker and Sidner [8] published research on email overload, coining a term that would drive a research area that continues today. We examine a sample of 600 mailboxes collected at a high-tech company to compare how users organize their email now to 1996. While inboxes are roughly the same size as in 1996, our population's email archives have grown tenfold. We see little evidence of distinct strategies for handling email; most of our users fall into a middle ground. There remains a need for future innovations to help people manage growing archives of email and large inboxes.
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» 2005 «
Brush, A. J. Bernheim and Turner, Tammara Combs (2005): A survey of personal and household scheduling. In: GROUP05: International Conference on Supporting Group Work November 6-9, 2005, Sanibel Island, Florida, USA. pp. 330-331. Available online
We describe results from a survey of employees at Microsoft about how they manage personal and household scheduling. We saw a much greater use of digital calendars than we expected. Of our 621 respondents, 51% (317) used their digital calendar at work as the calendar where most of their personal and household events were recorded, while 38% (233) of respondents primarily used paper calendars. We discuss reasons respondents gave for choosing a particular type of calendar as well as challenges faced by respondents in scheduling events for themselves and their households.
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Brush, A. J. Bernheim, Wang, Xiaoqing, Turner, Tammara Combs and Smith, Marc A. (2005): Assessing differential usage of usenet social accounting meta-data. In: Proceedings of ACM CHI 2005 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems 2005. pp. 889-898. Available online
We describe a usage study of NetscanTech, a system that generates and publishes daily a range of social metrics across three dimensions: newsgroup, author, and thread, for a set of approximately 15,000 technical newsgroups in Usenet. We bring together three interlinked datasets: survey data, usage log data and social accounting data from Usenet participation, to triangulate the relationship between various user roles and differential usage of social metrics in NetscanTech. We found our most frequent users focused on information related to individual authors far more than any other information provided. In contrast, users that visited less frequently focused more on information related to newsgroups and viewing newsgroup metrics. Our results suggest features that designers and developers of online communities may wish to include in their interfaces to support the cultivation of different community roles.
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Neustaedter, Carman, Brush, A. J. Bernheim and Smith, Marc A. (2005): Beyond "from" and "received": exploring the dynamics of email triage. In: Proceedings of ACM CHI 2005 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems 2005. pp. 1977-1980. Available online
Email triage is the process of going through unhandled email and deciding what to do with it. Email triage can quickly become a serious problem for users as the amount of unhandled email grows. We investigate the problem of email triage by presenting interview and survey results that articulate user needs. The results suggest the need for email user interfaces to provide additional socially salient information in order to bring important emails to the forefront.
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Brush, A. J. Bernheim, Palen, Leysia, Swan, Laurel and Taylor, Alex S. (2005): Designs for home life. In: Proceedings of ACM CHI 2005 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems 2005. pp. 2035-2036. Available online
In this Special Interest Group (SIG) we intend to consider the increasingly popular area of interactive systems design for the home. Aiming to incorporate a wide range of perspectives, the SIG's participants will map out the growing number of research and development programs in the area. Particular emphasis will be given to how home life has been characterized in various programmatic visions and how the CHI community might best capitalize on these characterizations. The importance of an understanding of home life to inform design and future directions in this area will also be reflected on. This SIG is intended to appeal to a broad cross section of the CHI community, ranging from practitioners and developers to computer and social scientists.
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Brush, A. J. Bernheim, Turner, Tammara Combs, Smith, Marc A. and Gupta, Neeti (2005): Scanning Objects in the Wild: Assessing an Object Triggered Information System. In: Beigl, Michael, Intille, Stephen S., Rekimoto, Jun and Tokuda, Hideyuki (eds.) UbiComp 2005 Ubiquitous Computing - 7th International Conference September 11-14, 2005, Tokyo, Japan. pp. 305-322. Available online
Brush, A. J. Bernheim and Borning, Alan (2005): 'Today' Messages: Lightweight Support for Small Group Awareness via Email. In: HICSS 2005 - 38th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences 3-6 January, 2005, Big Island, HI, USA. . Available online
» 2004 «
Marshall, Catherine C. and Brush, A. J. Bernheim (2004): Exploring the relationship between personal and public annotations. In: JCDL04: Proceedings of the 4th ACM/IEEE-CS Joint Conference on Digital Libraries 2004. pp. 349-357. Available online
Today people typically read and annotate printed documents even if they are obtained from electronic sources like digital libraries If there is a reason for them to share these personal annotations online, they must re-enter them. Given the advent of better computer support for reading and annotation, including tablet interfaces, will people ever share their personal digital ink annotations as is, or will they make substantial changes to them? What can we do to anticipate and support the transition from personal to public annotations? To investigate these questions, we performed a study to characterize and compare students' personal annotations as they read assigned papers with those they shared with each other using an online system. By analyzing over 1, 700 annotations, we confirmed three hypotheses: (1) only a small fraction of annotations made while reading are directly related to those shared in discussion; (2) some types of annotations -- those that consist of anchors in the text coupled with margin notes -- are more apt to be the basis of public commentary than other types of annotations; and (3) personal annotations undergo dramatic changes when they are shared in discussion, both in content and in how they are anchored to the source document. We then use these findings to explore ways to support the transition from personal to public annotations.
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» 2002 «
Brush, A. J. Bernheim, Bargeron, David, Grudin, Jonathan and Gupta, Anoop (2002): Notification for shared annotation of digital documents. In: Terveen, Loren (ed.) Proceedings of the ACM CHI 2002 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems Conference April 20-25, 2002, Minneapolis, Minnesota. pp. 89-96.
» 2001 «
Brush, A. J. Bernheim, Bargeron, David, Gupta, Anoop and Cadiz, Jonathan J. (2001): Robust Annotation Positioning in Digital Documents. In: Beaudouin-Lafon, Michel and Jacob, Robert J. K. (eds.) Proceedings of the ACM CHI 2001 Human Factors in Computing Systems Conference March 31 - April 5, 2001, Seattle, Washington, USA. pp. 285-292. Available online
Increasingly, documents exist primarily in digital form. System designers have recently focused on making it easier to read digital documents, with annotation as an important new feature. But supporting annotation well is difficult because digital documents are frequently modified, making it challenging to correctly reposition annotations in modified versions. Few systems have addressed this issue, and even fewer have approached the problem from the users' point of view. This paper reports the results of two studies examining user expectations for robust annotation positioning in modified documents. We explore how users react to lost annotations, the relationship between types of document modifications and user expectations, and whether users pay attention to text surrounding their annotations. Our results could contribute substantially to effective digital document annotation systems.
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Mar 20th, 2010
Changes to this page (author)
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